Localized Bowel Distension in the Newborn: A Review of the Plain Film Analysis and Differential Diagnosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
J. Fred Johnson ◽  
Lawrence H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Left Colon ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Air Trapping ◽  
Bowel Distension ◽  
Distended Bowel ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia

Neonatal abdominal plain films were prospectively analyzed over a 41-month period in order to generate a differential diagnosis for focal bowel distension during the first 6 weeks of life. A total of 31 examples of locally distended bowel were collected. The study discredits the concept that asymmetrically distended bowel in the newborn is usually caused by necrotizing enterocolitis (only 9/31 cases) and indicates that distended bowel in the lower abdomen or left upper quadrant is often caused by air trapping in normal but redundant rectosigmoid (11 cases) or in distal transverse colon (three cases). Five other pathologic conditions not normally specified in differential diagnoses of focally distended bowel included inguinal hernia (three cases), small bowel atresia (two cases), midgut volvulus (one case), Hirschsprung's disease (one case), and small left colon (one case). The study emphasizes the value of sequential supine and prone filming for distinguishing normal from pathologic dilated loops of bowel.

E17 Small Bowel Atresia

2013 ◽  
pp. 290-292
Author(s):  
Anand Sinha ◽  
Sandeep Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia

scholarly journals Haemorrhagic Corpus Lutem Mimic Appendicitis

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Hasina Afroz ◽  
Rabeya Akhter ◽  
Shahela Jesmin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Chocolate Cyst

Haemoperitoneum secondary to ruptured corpus luteum is a rare complication for women of reproductive life. The differential diagnosis of hemoperitoneum includes various types of acute abdomen that usually associated with acute lower abdominal pain and swelling lower abdomen. The differential diagnosis includes ruptured ectopic pregnancy, ruptured chocolate cyst, twisted ovarian tumor, pelvic inflammatory disease and pelvic peritonitis. Ruptured hemorrhagic corpus luteum is an uncommon cause of acute abdomem. Its occurrence is unknown but is likely quite frequent and without symptoms. Most cases are self limiting; enquire only observation with abdominal pain relieved with analgesics. Some need laparoscopy or laparotomy to achieve homeostasis if the patient is haemodynamically unstable. Key word: Haemoperitoneum, Appendicitis, Ruptured Corpus luteum.   DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v37i2.3596 Bangladesh Medical Journal 37(2) 2008 66-67

Goniometric Versus Computerized Angle Measurement in Assessing Hallux Valgus

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Farber ◽  
James K. DeOrio ◽  
Maxwell W. Steel
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Intraobserver Agreement ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Correct Alignment ◽  
Standard Radiographs

Background: Digital workstations with high-resolution monitors are replacing standard radiographs for image evaluation and interpretation. Radiographic angles in the foot have been evaluated for interobserver and intraobserver reliability with plain films, but use of digital workstations has not been validated. Because the 1-2 intermetatarsal (IM) and hallux valgus (HV) angles help determine the most appropriate bunion procedure, the reliability of these measurements is important. Methods: The HV and 1-2 IM angles were evaluated on preoperative radiographs of 25 patients who subsequently underwent bunion procedures. A standardized technique using a film marker and goniometer on plain film was compared with use of a mouse and computerized angle measurement software at a digital workstation. Three foot and ankle surgeons conducted these measurements at various intervals. Completion of three readings of each radiograph in each format by each observer totaled 1,800 measurements. Results: Computerized measurement gave better overall reliability. For the HV angle, inter-observer agreement (measurements within 2 degrees) improved from 66% with plain films to 81% with the digital workstation (p < 0.001). Intraobserver agreement increased from 72% to 80%. The 1-2 IM angle was similarly reliable with both methods for inter- and intraobserver agreement. Conclusions: This study validates the use of computer-assisted angle measurement on digital radiographs for assessment of HV and 1-2 IM angles. Computerized measurement may result in more reliable readings because it eliminates the error inherent with use of a goniometer and facilitates adjustment of radiographic lines on the computer to ensure correct alignment.

scholarly journals A Minor Innovation in Constructing a Small Bowel Stoma in Neonates with Small Bowel Atresia to Reduce the Morbidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeem Khan ◽  
Saba Bakht ◽  
Nadia Zaheer
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Primary Anastomosis ◽  
Intestinal Atresia ◽  
Stoma Formation ◽  
New Type ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Background: Intestinal atresia has still significant morbidity in developing countries. Stomas are now not recommended in every case of intestinal atresia; primary anastomosis is the goal of surgery after resection of dilated adynamic gut. A new type of stoma formation along with primary anastomosis is being presented here.Materials and Methods: This report is based on our experience of many cases with this technique in last 12 years but all the details and long follow-up of each case is not available. However the method of surgical procedure, progress, complications, and advantages encountered have been highlighted.Results: Presently we have data of 7 patients; others are lost to follow up. Three had died with other associated problems, namely one with multiple atresias, two with septic shock and prematurity. Two stomas did not require formal closure because stoma shriveled and disappeared. Two other stomas had grown very long like a diverticulum when these were closed after 5 and 8 months.Conclusion: This technique is another attempt to decrease morbidity of patients of intestinal atresia especially in those cases where short bowel syndrome is feared after resection of proximal dilated gut.

scholarly journals Abnormalities of the intestinal pacemaker cells, enteric neurons, and smooth muscle in intestinal atresia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika krishna OH ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Aleem ◽  
Geetha Kayla
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Interstitial Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Abstract BACKGROUND: Small bowel atresia is a congenital disorder that carves a substantial morbidity. Numerous postoperative gastrointestinal motility problems occur. The underlying cause of this motility disorder is still unclear. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play a major role in gastrointestinal motility. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the morphological changes of enteric nervous system and ICC in small bowel atresia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Resected small bowel specimen from affected patients (n=15) were divided into three parts (proximal, distal, atretic). Standard histology and immunohistochemistry with anti C-KIT receptor antibody (CD117), calretinin and α-SMA was carried out. The density of myenteric ICCs in the proximal, atretic and distal parts was demonstrated by CD 117 while Calretinin was used for ganglion cells and nerve bundles, α-SMA highlighted muscle hypertrophy. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The proximal and distal bowel revealed clear changes in the morphology and density of enteric nervous system and interstitial cells of Cajal..

scholarly journals Supplementation of Mother’s Own Milk with Donor Milk in Infants with Gastroschisis or Intestinal Atresia: A Retrospective Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hoban ◽  
Supriya Khatri ◽  
Aloka Patel ◽  
Sharon L. Unger
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Intestinal Atresia ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Donor Milk ◽  
Small Bowel Atresia ◽  
Bowel Atresia ◽  
Mother’S Own Milk

Background: Mother’s own milk (MOM) improves in-hospital outcomes for preterm infants. If unavailable, donor milk (DM) is often substituted. It is unclear if DM vs. formula to supplement MOM is associated with improved in-hospital outcomes in term/late preterm surgical infants with gastroschisis or intestinal atresia. Methods: This retrospective study included infants born ≥33 weeks gestational age (GA) with a birth weight of >1500 g who were admitted to a quaternary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Using Chi square and Mann-Whitney u testing, we compared hospital outcomes (length of stay, parenteral nutrition and central line days) before and after a clinical practice change to offer DM instead of formula in this surgical population. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between eras for the 140 infants (median GA 37 weeks). Fewer infants in DM era were receiving formula at discharge (50.0% vs. 31.4%, p = 0.03). In sub-analyses including only small bowel atresia and gastroschisis infants, the median length of stay (35 vs. 25, p < 0.01) and the central line days (28 vs. 20, p < 0.01) were lower in the DM era. Conclusion: In this retrospective study, offering DM instead of formula was associated with less formula feeding at discharge, and in infants with gastroschisis or small bowel atresia, shorter length of stay and central line days.

Teleradiology for Rural Hospitals: Analysis of a Field Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Franken ◽  
K S Berbaum ◽  
W L Smith ◽  
P J Chang ◽  
D A Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Rural Hospitals ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Teleradiology System

We compared the accuracy of a low-cost teleradiology system with plain film at a small rural hospital. The comparison was a case-control, paired-comparison study. In total 377 consecutive cases were read prospectively by teleradiology and later by independent interpretation of the plain films. ‘Truth’ was determined in discrepant cases by further investigation of available records and images. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for each modality, and agreement using the kappa statistic. There was 90% agreement between teleradiology and plain film, with no significant differences. Sensitivities (0.88, 0.89) and specificities (0.98, 0.98) of the two methods were almost identical. McNemar's test indicated no significant differences in the accuracy of the two modalities. We conclude that inexpensive teleradiology for small rural hospitals is equivalent to plain film for radiologists' interpretation.

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