Neonatal Personpower

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-837
Author(s):  
GERALD KATZMAN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Adequate Number ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Power Needs

To the Editor.— There have been several attempts to define the person-power needs for neonatologists in the United States.1-3 The reports by Merenstein et al2 and the AAP Committee on Fetus and Newborn1 maintain that there is presently an adequate number of neonatologists, whereas in a 1981 editorial, Robertson3 predicted increasing shortages of neonatologists. Why the difference between the conclusions? My answer to this question is that the reports by Merenstein et al and the AAP used calculated ratios of neonatologists to live births or lengths of stay, whereas the Robertson editorial expressed concern about the critical care needs of the physiologically unstable neonate.

Who Do You Want to Care for Your Sick Newborn?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-134
Author(s):  
Gerald H. Katzman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Previous Letter

In a previous letter to the editor entitled "Neonatal Person-power,"1 I presented my view as to how the need for neonatologists should be addressed. My conclusion and approach differed from the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn2 but was in agreement with Dr Robertson's position.3 The reason for the differences in the conclusions related to using calculated ratios of neonatologists to live births or lengths of stay without an orientation to the around-the-clock critical care needs of physiologically unstable neonates.

Sex Ratio of Registered Live Births in the United States, 1942-63

Demography ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Tarver ◽  
Che-fu Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Live Births

scholarly journals Altitude and risk of sudden unexpected infant death in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Johnston ◽  
Xiaohan Yan ◽  
Tatiana M. Anderson ◽  
Edwin A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unexpected Infant Death

AbstractThe effect of altitude on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been reported previously, but with conflicting findings. We aimed to examine whether the risk of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) varies with altitude in the United States. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s Cohort Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set for births between 2005 and 2010 were examined. County of birth was used to estimate altitude. Logistic regression and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) were used, adjusting for year, mother’s race, Hispanic origin, marital status, age, education and smoking, father’s age and race, number of prenatal visits, plurality, live birth order, and infant’s sex, birthweight and gestation. There were 25,305,778 live births over the 6-year study period. The total number of deaths from SUID in this period were 23,673 (rate = 0.94/1000 live births). In the logistic regression model there was a small, but statistically significant, increased risk of SUID associated with birth at > 8000 feet compared with < 6000 feet (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.00–3.71). The GAM showed a similar increased risk over 8000 feet, but this was not statistically significant. Only 9245 (0.037%) of mothers gave birth at > 8000 feet during the study period and 10 deaths (0.042%) were attributed to SUID. The number of SUID deaths at this altitude in the United States is very small (10 deaths in 6 years).

scholarly journals The Effect of Massachusetts' Health Reform on Employer-Sponsored Insurance Premiums

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Cogan ◽  
R. Glenn Hubbard ◽  
Daniel Kessler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Insurance Premiums ◽  
Reform Plan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

In this paper, we use publicly available data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey - Insurance Component (MEPS-IC) to investigate the effect of Massachusetts' health reform plan on employer-sponsored insurance premiums. We tabulate premium growth for private-sector employers in Massachusetts and the United States as a whole for 2004 - 2008. We estimate the effect of the plan as the difference in premium growth between Massachusetts and the United States between 2006 and 2008—that is, before versus after the plan—over and above the difference in premium growth for 2004 to 2006. We find that health reform in Massachusetts increased single-coverage employer-sponsored insurance premiums by about 6 percent, or $262. Although our research design has important limitations, it does suggest that policy makers should be concerned about the consequences of health reform for the cost of private insurance.

scholarly journals La contrebande des produits du tabac au Canada entre 1985 et 1994 et le cas particulier du Québec

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Alain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Mass Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

The professional smuggling of mass consumption products develops when demand for a product is not adequately fulfilled by the legitimate market. The difficulties encountered in supplying are, in most contemporary cases, caused by real rarity of the desired product. For other cases, however, the rarity is largely virtual in that government taxes aimed at the product in question lead to increasing the product's price to a prohibitive end. This was the case with cigarettes in Canada between 1985 and 1994. Before both, the federal and provincial, governments decided to drastically decrease cigarette taxes in February 1994, the price for a pack of cigarettes was five to six times higher than the same product in the United States. This article begins with a brief review of the contribution made by economists in regard to contemporary smuggling. Focus will be aimed at common characteristics of the smuggling phenomenon across the world. Elements which are more particular to the Canadian smuggling situation will be identified as well. While the difference in the price of cigarettes between Canada and the United States would seem to be the undeniable driving force behind the development of smuggling activities at the countries ' border, one key question remains unexplained. Why was the volume of contraband unequally distributed across Canada even though the price of cigarettes remained largely consistent throughout all provinces? The level of organization of smuggling networks was much higher in Eastern Canada, and particularly in Quebec, than it was in the western provinces. It is argued that the reasons for this are not only due to price, but to a series of political, historical, and geographical factors which allowed cigarette smugglers to function better in Quebec than in the rest of the country.

Equal Opportunity in a Pluralistic Society

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Nickel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The U.S

The United States has never been culturally or religiously homogeneous, but its diversity has greatly increased over the last century. Although the U.S. was first a multicultural nation through conquest and enslavement, its present diversity is due equally to immigration. In this paper I try to explain the difference it makes for one area of thought and policy – equal opportunity – if we incorporate cultural and religious pluralism into our national self-image. Formulating and implementing a policy of equal opportunity is more difficult in diverse, pluralistic countries than it is in homogeneous ones. My focus is cultural and religious diversity in the United States, but my conclusions will apply to many other countries – including ones whose pluralism is found more in religion than in culture.

Regionalization of Critical Care in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Leung ◽  
Stephen M. Pastores ◽  
John M. Oropello ◽  
Craig M. Lilly ◽  
Samuel M. Galvagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
The United States
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