Prevention of Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

Objective. To analyze the influence of a comprehensive program of nurse home visitation on the intellectual functioning of children born to women who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy. Design. Randomized clinical trial. Treatment 1: sensory and developmental screening at ages 1 and 2 years; treatment 2: screening plus free transportation for prenatal and well-child care; treatment 3: screening, transportation, plus prenatal home visitation; treatment 4: screening, transportation, prenatal home visitation, plus postnatal home visitation through the children's second birthdays. Setting. Semirural community in Upstate New York. Participants. 400 families in which the mothers registered before the 30th week of pregnancy and had no previous live births. Eighty-five percent of the mothers were either teenagers, unmarried, or poor. Analysis was limited to whites, who constituted 89% of sample. Intervention. Nurse home visitation during pregnancy (treatments 3 and 4) or during pregnancy and the first 2 years of the child's life (treatment 4). During pregnancy, the nurses helped women improve their health-related behaviors, informal social support, and linkage with needed community services. Main findings. Children born to women who smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day at registration during pregnancy and who were assigned to treatments 3 and 4 had IQs (averaging across the 3rd and 4th years of life) that were 4.86 (95% CI: 0.47, 9.26) points higher after adjustment for covariates than did children born to women who smoked 10+ cigarettes per day and who were assigned to treatments 1 and 2. The positive influence of the home-visiting program on reducing the harmful effect of smoking appears to be due to prenatal visitation. Conclusion. Comprehensive prenatal home-visitation services can offset the impairment in intellectual functioning associated with substantial maternal smoking during pregnancy.

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Does Prenatal and Infancy Nurse Home Visitation Have Enduring Effects on Qualities of Parental Caregiving and Child Health at 25 to 50 Months of Life?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.93.1.89 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 89-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

David L. Olds ◽

Charles R. Henderson ◽

Harriet Kitzman

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Child Abuse ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Child Abuse And Neglect ◽

Home Visitation ◽

Health Department ◽

Nurse Home ◽

Upstate New York ◽

Parental Caregiving ◽

Abuse And Neglect

Objective. To examine, during the 3rd and 4th years of life, the health, development, rates of child maltreatment, and living conditions of children who had been enrolled in a randomized trial of nurse home visitation during pregnancy and first 2 years of their lives. Design. Prospective follow-up of families who had been randomly assigned to nurse-visited and comparison conditions. Setting. Study conducted in semirural community in upstate New York. Families dispersed among 14 other states during 2-year period after children's second birthdays. Participants. Four hundred women were recruited through a health department antepartum clinic and offices of private obstetricians and were registered before 30th week of pregnancy. All women had no previous live births and 85% were either teenaged (< 18 years at registration), unmarried, or from Hollingshead social classes IV or V. Analysis focused on whites, who comprised 89% of sample. Intervention. Nurse home visitation from pregnancy through second year of the child's life. Main Results. There were no treatment differences in the rates of child abuse and neglect or children's intellectual functioning from 25 to 48 months of age. Nurse-visited children, nevertheless, lived in homes with fewer hazards for children; they had 40% fewer injuries and ingestions and 45% fewer behavioral and parental coping problems noted in the physician record; and they made 35% fewer visits to the emergency department than did children in the comparison group. Nurse-visited mothers were observed to be more involved with and to punish their children to a greater extent than were mothers in the comparison group. The functional meaning of punishment differed between the nurse-visited and comparison families. Conclusions. The program does have enduring effects on certain aspects of parental caregiving, safety of the home, and children's use of the health care system, but it may be necessary to extend the length of the program for families at highest risk to produce lasting reductions in child abuse and neglect.

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Improving the Delivery of Prenatal Care and Outcomes of Pregnancy: A Randomized Trial of Nurse Home Visitation

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.77.1.16 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 16-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David L. Olds ◽

Charles R. Henderson ◽

Robert Tatelbaum ◽

Robert Chamberlin

Keyword(s):

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Service Providers ◽

Home Visitation ◽

Community Services ◽

Young Adolescents ◽

Support Person ◽

Developmental Problems ◽

Nurse Home ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Wide Range

We evaluated a comprehensive program of prenatal and postpartum nurse home visitation. The program was designed to prevent a wide range of health and developmental problems in children born to primiparous women who were either teenagers, unmarried, or of low socioeconomic status. During pregnancy, women who were visited by nurses, compared with women randomly assigned to comparison groups, became aware of more community services; attended childbirth classes more frequently; made more extensive use of the nutritional supplementation program for women, infants, and children; made greater dietary improvements; reported that their babies' fathers became more interested in their pregnancies; were accompanied to the hospital by a support person during labor more frequently; reported talking more frequently to family members, friends, and service providers about their pregnancies and personal problems; and had fewer kidney infections. Positive effects of the program on birth weight and length of gestation were present for the offspring of young adolescents (<17 years of age) and smokers. In contrast to their comparison-group counterparts, young adolescents who were visited by nurses gave birth to newborns who were an average of 395 g heavier, and women who smoked and were visited by nurses exhibited a 75% reduction in the incidence of preterm delivery. (P ≤ .05 for all findings.

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Infant Mother’s Experiences with the Sustained Nurse Home-Visiting Program

JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH ◽

10.21896/jksmch.2021.25.1.31 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 31-41

Author(s):

Kyung Ja June ◽

Ji Yun Lee ◽

Sung-Hyun Cho

Keyword(s):

Home Visiting ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Community Resources ◽

Education Practice ◽

Nurse Home ◽

Qualitative Approaches ◽

Nursing Services ◽

Vulnerable Families ◽

Nurse Home Visiting ◽

Home Visiting Program

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of mothers of infants who received sustained nurse home visiting services. The program of sustained home visit by nurses (Seoul Maternal Early Childhood Sustained Home-Visiting Program) is an intervention program. Its effectiveness has been verified in Australia, where services are provided to families in a vulnerable families during the period from prenatal period until the newborn is 2 years old.Methods: The study protocol used qualitative approaches. Eleven mothers of infants who received nursing services in December 2015 were invited for an in-depth interview. The data collected were subjected to directed content analysis.Results: The following 4 themes were identified from the analysis: (1) reduction in suspicion and increased feeling of benefit from the visiting service, (2) emotional support to the parents and use of community resources, (3) reliance on friendly nurses, and (4) gaining confidence about parenting and motherhood.Conclusion: Sustained nursing home visiting services can be applied effectively in South Korea. The concrete narrations and descriptions of the experiences of mothers in this study can be used as a base for education, practice, and research.

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Nurse Home Visitation Program per la riduzione del rischio di maltrattamento infantile: una prima valutazione dell'intervento dell'Unità Funzionale Complessa Salute Mentale Infanzia e Adolescenza e Centri Consulenza Giovani dell'Azienda Usl Toscana Centro-Firenze

MALTRATTAMENTO E ABUSO ALL INFANZIA ◽

10.3280/mal2020-003008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 89-112

Author(s):

Ludovica Di Paola ◽

Annalaura Nocentini ◽

Patricia Monica Bettini ◽

Roberto Leonetti

Keyword(s):

Home Visiting ◽

Home Visitation ◽

Allo Studio ◽

Nurse Home ◽

Home Visitation Program ◽

Fattori Di Rischio

Interventi di home visiting nei contesti familiari a rischio di maltrattamento sui minori sono fondamentali per ridurre i fattori di rischio e promuovere quelli di protezione. Lo studio propone una prima valutazione del programma di intervento fiorentino "Home Visiting: Percorsi di Sostegno alla Genitorialità" condotto dagli operatori dell'Azienda Usl Toscana Centro di Firenze. Hanno partecipato allo studio 20 madri. È stata condotta un'analisi retrospettiva delle cartelle cliniche e delle schede del progetto. I risultati mostrano che il 70 % delle madri non è stato segnalato per rischio di maltrattamento sui minori in seguito all'intervento e che la presa in carico tardiva costituisce un indice di rischio che aumenta la probabilità di segnalazioni per il rischio di maltrattamento. Lo studio indica la necessità che futuri interventi di home visiting tengano di conto del momento di presa in carico come fattore capace di garantire la riuscita dell'intervento e la sua efficacia.

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Evaluation of the Healthy Families New York Home Visiting Program, Age Seven Follow Up, 2007-2009

ICPSR Data Holdings ◽

10.3886/icpsr30441.v1 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Kimberly DuMont ◽

Monica L. Rodriguez ◽

Kristen Kirkland ◽

Susan Mitchell-Herzfeld ◽

Susan Ehrhard-Dietzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Home Visiting ◽

Home Visiting Program

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Evaluation of the Healthy Families New York Home Visiting Program, Age Seven Follow Up, 2007-2009

ICPSR Data Holdings ◽

10.3886/icpsr30441 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Kimberly DuMont ◽

Monica L. Rodriguez ◽

Kristen Kirkland ◽

Susan Mitchell-Herzfeld ◽

Susan Ehrhard-Dietzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Home Visiting ◽

Home Visiting Program

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A Qualitative Evaluation of Engagement and Attrition in a Nurse Home Visiting Program: From the Participant and Provider Perspective

Prevention Science ◽

10.1007/s11121-017-0846-5 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 528-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lana O. Beasley ◽

Leigh E. Ridings ◽

Tyler J. Smith ◽

Jennifer D. Shields ◽

Jane F. Silovsky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Home Visiting ◽

Qualitative Evaluation ◽

Nurse Home ◽

Provider Perspective ◽

Nurse Home Visiting ◽

Home Visiting Program

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Perinatal Health Outcomes Following a Community Health Worker–Supported Home-Visiting Program in Rochester, New York, 2015–2018

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.2020.305655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 (7) ◽

pp. 1031-1033

Author(s):

Zhi Pan ◽

Peter Veazie ◽

Mardy Sandler ◽

Ann Dozier ◽

Melissa Molongo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Community Health ◽

Health Worker ◽

Community Health Worker ◽

Home Visiting ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Home Visitor ◽

Home Visiting Program ◽

Program Data

We evaluated the effectiveness of a community health worker–supported home visitor program on perinatal outcomes of 455 at-risk pregnant women with program data merged with electronic medical records from July 2015 through October 2017 in Rochester, New York. Program participants had fewer adverse outcomes than did nonparticipants, including lower rates of preterm birth (12% vs 20%; χ2, P = .05) and low birth weight (14% vs 22%; χ2, P = .05). This program was effective at achieving improved perinatal outcomes.

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