A cohort study of developmental polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in relation to post-vaccination antibody response at 6-months of age

Human papillomavirus (HPV) imposes an increased risk of developing cervical, anal and oropharyngeal cancer. In the Western world, HPV infection is currently the major cause of oropharyngeal cancer. The effectiveness of HPV vaccines for oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection is yet to be determined. This study conducted a systematic literature search in Pubmed and Embase. Studies investigating the impact of HPV vaccines on oral or oropharyngeal HPV infection were enrolled. This review reports the relative prevention percentage (RPP), including a risk of bias assessment as well as a quality assessment study. Nine studies were included (48,777 participants): five cross-sectional studies; one randomized community trial study (RCT); one longitudinal cohort study; and two case-control studies. A significant mean RPP of 83.9% (66.6–97.8%) was calculated from the cross-sectional studies, 82.4% in the included RCT and 83% in the longitudinal cohort study. Further, two case-control studies that measured antibody response in participants immunized with HPV vaccines were included. Respectively, 100% and 93.2% of participants developed HPV-16 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in oral fluids post-vaccination. Analysis of the studies identified a significant decrease in vaccine-type oral or oropharyngeal HPV infections in study participants immunized with HPV vaccines across study designs and heterogenous populations. Further, a significant percentage of participants developed IgG antibodies in oral fluid post-vaccination.

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Post-Vaccination Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections are Minimal and Non-Serious: An Observational Multicenter Indian Cohort Study of 28342 Healthcare Workers

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3889352 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Raju Vaishya ◽

Anupam Sibal ◽

Arpita Malani ◽

Sujoy Kar ◽

Hari Prasad K. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Post Vaccination

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Symptomatic post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infections in healthcare workers– A multicenter cohort study

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 102306

Author(s):

Raju Vaishya ◽

Anupam Sibal ◽

Arpita ◽

Sujoy Kar ◽

Hari Prasad K ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Multicenter Cohort

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COVID-19 vaccine impact on rates of SARS-CoV-2 cases and post vaccination strain sequences among healthcare workers at an urban academic medical center: a prospective cohort study

10.1101/2021.03.30.21254655 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tara C. Bouton ◽

Sara Lodi ◽

Jacquelyn Turcinovic ◽

Sarah E. Weber ◽

Emily Quinn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Medical Center ◽

Academic Medical Center ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Unvaccinated Control ◽

Rate Ratios

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 vaccine trials and post-implementation data suggest vaccination decreases SARS-CoV-2 infections. We examine COVID-19 vaccination’s impact on SARS-CoV-2 case rates and viral diversity among healthcare workers (HCW) during a high community prevalence period.MethodsA prospective cohort study from Boston Medical Center (BMC)’s HCW vaccination program, where staff received two doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. We included PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases among HCWs from December 09, 2020 to February 23, 2021. Weekly SARS-CoV-2 rates per 100,000 person-day overall and by time from first injection (1-14 and >14 days) were compared with surrounding community rates. Viral genomes were sequenced from SARS CoV-2 positive samples.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 cases occurred in 1.4% (96/7109) of HCWs given at least a first dose and 0.3% (17/5913) of HCWs given both vaccine doses. Adjusted SARS-CoV-2 infection rate ratios were 0.73 (95% CI 0.53-1.00) 1-14 days and 0.18 (0.10-0.32) >14 days from first dose. HCW SARS-CoV-2 cases >14 days from initial dose compared to within 14 days were more often older (46 versus 38 years, p=0.007), Latinx (10% versus 8%, p=0.03), and asymptomatic (48% versus 11%, p=0.0002). SARS-CoV-2 rates among HCWs fell below those of the surrounding community, with a 18% versus 11% weekly decrease respectively (p=0.14). Comparison of 48 SARS-CoV-2 genomes sequenced from post-first dose cases did not indicate selection pressure towards known spike-antibody escape mutations.ConclusionsOur results indicate a positive impact of COVID-19 vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 case rates. Post-vaccination isolates did not show unusual genetic diversity or selection for mutations of concern.Main PointCases of SARS-CoV-2 among health care workers dropped rapidly with COVID-19 vaccination. Sequencing 48 breakthrough infections (overwhelmingly in 14 days after 1st dose) showed no clear sign of any differences in spike protein compared with time-matched, unvaccinated control sequences.

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COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors: impact of vaccination on antibody levels, breakthrough infections and reinfection rate.

10.1101/2021.07.13.21260414 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Massimo La Raja ◽

Monia Pacenti ◽

Ileana Grimaldi ◽

Caterina Boldrin ◽

Margherita Cattai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Antibody Level ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Vaccination Campaign ◽

Reinfection Rate ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Exponential Increase ◽

The One ◽

Antibody Levels ◽

The Impact

From April 2020 through May 2021 in Padova Province 3395 COVID-19 recovered patients were recruited as potential convalescent plasma donors and tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Since January 2021 COVID-19 vaccination campaign began in Italy, the impact of vaccination on antibody levels and suspect vaccine breakthrough infections in these subjects were investigated. Post-vaccination anti-Sars-Cov-2 antibody level in 54 previously infected subjects had an exponential increase compared to pre-vaccination level regardless of the number of vaccine doses. However after 100 days from vaccination SARS-CoV-2 antibody level tends to decline. Post-vaccination primary infections were detected in 15 cases, with 3 possible breakthrough infections after a full vaccination course. In these cases, antibody response after infection was present but weaker than the one of subjects vaccinated after natural infection. A trend toward stronger antibody response was observed with increasing distance between natural infection and vaccination. Additionally, 2 cases of asymptomatic reinfections are also discussed.

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Live Oral Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine Induces Durable Antibody Response

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines8030411 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 411 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalie D. Collins ◽

Anima Adhikari ◽

Yu Yang ◽

Robert A. Kuschner ◽

Nicos Karasavvas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Adenovirus Type ◽

The United States ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The Military

Human adenoviruses (AdV) are mostly associated with minimal pathology. However, more severe respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory diseases, most often caused by AdV-4 and AdV-7, have been reported. The only licensed vaccine in the United States, live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine, is indicated for use in the military, nearly exclusively in recruit populations. The excellent safety profile and prominent antibody response of the vaccine is well established by placebo-controlled clinical trials, while, long-term immunity of vaccination has not been studied. Serum samples collected over 6 years from subjects co-administered live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine in 2011 were evaluated to determine the duration of the antibody response. Group geometric mean titers (GMT) at 6 years post vaccination compared to previous years evaluated were not significantly different for either AdV-4 or AdV-7 vaccine components. There were no subjects that demonstrated waning neutralization antibody (NAb) titers against AdV-4 and less than 5% of subjects against AdV-7. Interestingly, there were subjects that had a four-fold increase in NAb titers against either AdV-4 or AdV-7, at various time points post vaccination, suggesting either homotypic or heterotypic re-exposure. This investigation provided strong evidence that the live oral AdV-4 and AdV-7 vaccine induced long-term immunity to protect from AdV-4 and AdV-7 infections.

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