scholarly journals Social capital and internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Philip P. Omondi ◽  
Joyce W. Ndegwa ◽  
T. C. Okech
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Impact

Purpose – tо study sought to delve into social capital and commercial banks' internationalization in Kenya drawing on the internationalization concept. Design/Method/Approach. The research adopted a positivist philosophical approach and used a descriptive cross-sectional research design targeting top and middle-level managers in Kenya's commercial banks. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 for both descriptive and inferential statistics. Structural Equation Modelling was used to establish the influence of social capital on commercial banks' internationalization in Kenya. Findings. The findings established a significant and positive relationship between the components of social capital: inter-cultural empathy, inter- personal impact and diplomacy, and commercial banks' internationalization. Practical implications. The results have significant consequences: Firstly, social capital has a positive and statistically significant relationship with commercial banks' internationalization. Secondly, all dimensions of social capital affect the acquisition of foreign market knowledge and financial resources. Thirdly, the use of individuals' social capital often changes during internationalization. Originality/Value. The study's novelty demonstrates the interaction of commercial banks' managers in Kenya on the application of social capital as an internationalization orientation process. Research Limitations/Future Research. The research contributes to the advancement of location theory. It opens avenues for future research to establish what extent social capital is beneficial to banks that have ventured into international markets. Paper type – empirical.

scholarly journals Managerial intellectual capital on the internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Philip Omondi Peters ◽  
Timothy Chrispinus Okech
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Global Mindset ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Structural Capital

Managerial intellectual capital is one of the attributes of a global mindset, associated with knowledge, skill level, and creation of an organization competitive advantage. This paper sought to delve into the concept of internationalization of commercial banks by examining the relationship between managerial intellectual capital and internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. The paper used positivism philosophical approach and adopted cross-sectional descriptive research design. The target population was top and middle level managers in commercial banks in Kenya. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 to obtain both descriptive and inferential statistics.  In addition, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to establish the influence of managerial global mindset attributes on internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. The study established that there was a significant and positive relationship between human capital, relational capital and structural capital as attributes of managerial intellectual capital and internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. Further, the study established that human capital, relational capital, and structural capital have significant influence on the success of internationalization strategy of commercial banks in Kenya. Thus, structural capital, human capital and relational capital, which are the managerial intellectual capital attributes, jointly influence the success of the internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya. It is therefore recommended that when appointing managers, the management of commercial banks should consider factors such as an individual’s knowledge of global industry, global value networks, and global organization.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Antecedents of Organizational Change and Its' Consequence towards Organizational Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
Lambas Marasi Tua LG ◽  
Kurniawati Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Organizational Change ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective - The research was conducted to identify the positive influence of transformational leadership and organizational commitment towards organization change and the influence of change on learning and its' implication onorganizational performance. Methodology/Technique - The research design method is a hypothesis-testing approach. Units of research analysis areemployees of BUKU 3 and BUKU 4 Banks in Jakarta who have a supervisory function. The study data is cross-sectional obtained in a specified time period. Data was obtained through distributing online questionnaires containing statements to be responded with a minimum of 365 respondents required. Structural Equation Model was used to test the model of the research and AMOS software is used for data processing. Finding - The major finding of the research is that transformational leadership is not directly related to positive performance of the organization but more on how transformational leaders are able to manage organizational change that in the end will have a positive impact on organization performance.Organizational change also perceived has no positive impact on learning and learning also has no direct and mediating impact on positive organizational performance. Novelty - Type of Paper - Keywords: Change; Leadership; Organizational Commitment; Organizational Change; Organizational Learning; Organizational Performance.

Social Capital’s Influence on Environmental Concern in China: An Analysis of the 2010 Chinese General Social Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Hao ◽  
Jay L. Michaels ◽  
Shannon Elizabeth Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Chinese General Social Survey

This study examines the ways in which social capital influences people’s environmental concern in China. Using data obtained from the 2010 Chinese General Social Survey, we measure social capital through social networks and trust. We find that the ways people think about and act toward others influence the ways they think about and act toward the environment. The structural equation modeling results suggest that one’s connections with others, including socializing with relatives and friends as well as general social networking, are significantly and positively related to various dimensions of environmental concern. Greater trust is positively related to one’s willingness to make sacrifices for the benefit of the environment but is also negatively related to perceived dangerousness of pollution. Our findings highlight the value of social capital in promoting environmental concern. We discuss these findings in the context of existing literature, and propose policy implications and suggest directions for future research.

scholarly journals Does Ethical Orientation of HRM Impact on Employee Ethical Attitude and Behavior? Evidence from Sri Lankan Commercial Banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Viruli Ajanta De Silva ◽  
H.H.D.N.P. Opatha ◽  
Aruna S. Gamage
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Ethical Orientation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Attitude ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Ethical Criteria

Employee ethical behavior (EB) has been recognized as the behavior that organizations pursue to drive performance and success. Despite many positive consequences of EB, corrupt business practices and unethical behavior are common in organizations. How Ethical Orientation of Human Resource Management (EOHRM) or ethical criteria embedded HRM functions directed as a ‘bundle’ could address this problem has not been empirically tested in research. This study examined how EOHRM could influence employee EB in organizations through an identified mediator employee Ethical Attitude (EA). A three-construct integrated model was developed based on literature gaps and tested empirically. The type of investigation was correlational, cross-sectional in the time horizon and unit of analysis was individual. A stratified random sample of 550 senior and middle-level managers was selected from 11 domestic Licensed Commercial Banks (LCBs) in Sri Lanka. A pre-tested structured questionnaire (with 5-point Likert Scale) was used to collect primary data. Using SPSS Version 23.0, correlation and regression analysis were performed on 360 usable responses (72%). EOHRM was positively and significantly related to employee EA (0.432, p<.001) and EB (0.494, p<.001). Employee EA partially mediated (0.269, p<.001) the relationship between EOHRM and EB. Results were consistent with the theoretically derived four hypotheses, establishing that EOHRM, or ethical criteria embedded HRM functions directed as a bundle will increase employee EA and EB at work. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings and directions for further research are discussed.

Lean and agile manufacturing: complementary or competing capabilities?

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel Sadiq Jajja ◽  
Mohammad Khurrum Bhutta ◽  
Shahzad Naeem Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Agile Manufacturing ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exporting Firms ◽  
Strategic Capabilities

PurposeLean (TQM and JIT) and agile manufacturing (AM) are viewed as strategic capabilities that can help firms to meet diverse set of market demands. However, the question whether lean manufacturing and AM are complementary or competing capabilities is still open to discussion. This research proposes an integrated research framework that draws on complementary theory, theory of systems, and concept of fit to examine this question regarding these two strategic capabilities.Design/methodology/approachData are collected from 248 apparel exporting firms, and the proposed model is evaluated using structural equation modeling.FindingsResults show that lean manufacturing, AM, and supporting management and infrastructural practices have positive and complementary effects on firm's performance. Further, results depict that lean manufacturing and AM complementarity is a complete organizational synergistic phenomenon, and piecemeal implementation of these initiatives may lead to suboptimal or unsatisfactory results. Results also indicate that there is no significant direct (correlated and uncorrelated) relationship of management, infrastructure, lean manufacturing, and AM practices with firm's performance and support that lean manufacturing and AM are not competing paradigms.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is based on cross-sectional data from one industry. Future research should collect data from diverse sectors in different countries.Practical implicationsThis study provides a key insight for manufacturing managers that piecemeal implementation of lean manufacturing and AM does not yield optimal outcomes. In addition, study suggests that lean manufacturing and AM complementarity builds on strong foundation of strategic management and internal and external infrastructure. Therefore, managers should focus on development of skilled and empowered human resources, technological advancements, and learning and virtually integrated organizations for effective implementation of lean manufacturing and AM.Originality/valueProposed framework is one of the first, if not the first, that seeks to resolve the question: whether lean manufacturing and AM are complementary or competing capabilities. Complementary effects of lean manufacturing and AM along with management, internal infrastructure, and common external infrastructure practices have positive impact on performance. This study also segregated infrastructure practices into internal and common external infrastructure practices.

scholarly journals Measuring Relationship Quality in an International Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Chonody ◽  
Jacqui Gabb ◽  
Mike Killian ◽  
Priscilla Dunk-West
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
International Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Convergent Construct Validity

Objective: This study reports on the operationalization and testing of the newly developed Relationship Quality (RQ) scale, designed to assess an individual’s perception of his or her RQ in their current partnership. Methods: Data were generated through extended sampling from an original U.K.-based research project, Enduring Love? Couple relationships in the 21st century. This mixed methods study was designed to investigate how couples experience, understand, and sustain their long-term relationships. This article utilizes the cross-sectional, community sample ( N = 8,132) from this combined data set, drawn primarily from the United Kingdom, United States, and Australia. A two-part approach to scale development was employed. An initial 15-item pool was subjected to exploratory factor analysis leading into confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling. Results: The final 9-item scale evidenced convergent construct validity and known-groups validity along with strong reliability. Conclusion: Implications for future research and professional practice are discussed.

Social capital and export performance within exporter-intermediary relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper draw insights from social capital theory and examines the synergistic effect of several constructs on export performance within the context of exporter–intermediary relationships. Specifically, it assumes that social capital and the set of resources embedded therein strongly influence the extent to which both commitment and cooperation occur, and how these, in turn, impact on export performance. Design/methodology/approach Following a quantitative methodological approach, a survey is applied to a sample of small and medium-sized enterprise exporters, to empirically test the proposed conceptual model. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is used to test the empirical model. Findings The findings reveal that there is a positive and direct impact of social capital on export performance. Results also confirm that the presence of high social capital between exporters and intermediaries affects both high commitment and high cooperation. The study also confirms the mediation effect of cooperation in the relationship between social capital and export performance. Practical implications One possible shortfall of this research relates to the fact that this analysis only incorporates the view of one actor, the view of exporter firms. This limitation could open a rewarding direction for future research, which would be to analyze the view of both sides in a dyadic relationship. Originality/value This paper presents the original approach of looking at the relational antecedents of export performance.

Empirical investigation of moderating and mediating variables in between transformational leadership and related outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevan Jyoti ◽  
Sonia Bhau
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Business World ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the multi-layer effect of transformational leadership (TL) on employee-related outcomes, i.e. relational identification (RI) and satisfaction with leader (SWL). Further, role of leader member exchange (LMX) and the association period in between TL and RI as well as SWL shall also be examined. So, the present paper attempts to evaluate the moderated-mediated effect of TL on RI and SWL. Design/methodology/approach – The model has been tested in the higher education sector. Information regarding TL, LMX, SWL and RI has been procured from teachers. The data have been duly validated with the help of confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability has been assessed through Cronbach’s α and composite reliability. Structural equation modelling has been used for testing the hypotheses. Moderation has been checked through multi-group analysis. Findings – The results indicate that association period moderates the TL and LMX relationship. LMX mediates the TL and RI and SWL relationship. Finally, moderated- mediated impact of TL on RI and SWL have been found. Managerial, practical, social, economic implications and scope for future research have also been discussed. Research limitations/implications – This study represents a cross-sectional investigations as responses were gathered from respondents at a particular point of time. Moreover, the study is confined to government degree colleges operating in Jammu district only. In future longitudinal study can be conducted. Comparative study between private and public colleges can be undertaken in future. Practical implications – Leaders should focus on creating positive environment, where personal work goals of the subordinates are linked with organisational goals, with the help of role-person integration. Leaders should make their decisions more transparent by exhibiting consistency in their logic and reasoning. Remaining impartial in decision making will help leaders to instil trust and respect in the minds of subordinates. Trust among the followers can be increased through commitments and achievement of goals. Leaders should create more enthusiasm and optimism amongst the employees. Social implications – Leaders in education institutes should create social and emotional learning environment in the colleges. This can be done by arranging informal meetings, some kinds of fares, painting competitions and festive celebrations at collaborative level. This strategic action will help to provide an opportunity to all employees’ to come forward in an informal friendly environment, which will help to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression; and improve the quality of relationship and ultimately enhance satisfaction among followers’ with respect to their leaders. The followers work for the achievement of departmental as well as the organisational goals in collaboration with their leaders. Originality/value – The paper has evaluated the moderation of association period between TL and LMX relationship in higher education sector which has not been explored earlier in leadership studies. Many studies have evaluated the direct impact but moderated-mediated impact of TL on RI and SWL has not been evaluated earlier, which will contribute equally to academic as well as business world.

Effects of Social Capital in Multiple Contexts on the Psychosocial Adjustment of Chinese Migrant Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaobing Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Study Results

Drawing upon a sample of 772 migrant children and their parents in Shanghai, China, this study used an ecological framework to investigate how social capital embedded in a range of social contexts (i.e., family, school, peer, and community) influenced the psychosocial adjustment of Chinese migrant children. Using structural equation modeling with latent variables, the study results suggested that higher levels of family, school, and peer social capital were all associated with better psychosocial adjustment of migrant children, with school social capital showing the strongest effect. In addition, these three dimensions of social capital also mediated the effect of community social capital on children’s psychosocial adjustment. Implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research were discussed.

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