scholarly journals Organic fertilizers as mitigating effects of water salinity on Passiflora cincinnata seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-511
Author(s):  
José Sebastião de Melo Filho ◽  
Mário Leno Martins Véras ◽  
Toshik Larley Da Silva ◽  
Lunara De Sousa Alves ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias

Maracujá-do-mato (Passiflora cincinnata) is a species adapted to the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region and widely used as rootstock, however, studies related to the production of seedlings and their resistance to abiotic stresses are scarce in literature. The objective was to study the production of maracujá-do-mato seedlings under the effect of the electrical conductivity on the irrigation water as a function of the application of organic fertilizers. The experiment was developed at the State University of Paraíba, Catolé do Rocha-PB, in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, with 6 replicates. The factors evaluated were five electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw: 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 dS m-1) and application of three organic fertilizers (bovine urine, bovine biofertilizer and liquid earthworm humus). It was verified that the increase of ECw affected the morphology and the quality of the seedlings negatively, while the bovine biofertilizer presented better efficiency in comparison to the others. It is inferred that the use of organic fertilizers as mitigating effects of salinity may be a strategy for production of maracujá-do-mato seedlings in saline conditions.

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.


Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Etham de Lucena Barbosa ◽  
Juliana dos Santos Severiano ◽  
Hérika Cavalcante ◽  
Daniely de Lucena-Silva ◽  
Camila Ferreira Mendes ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Emídio Araújo Neto ◽  
Beatriz Alves ◽  
Flávia Gehrke ◽  
Ligia Azzalis ◽  
Virginia Junqueira ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 111226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Jalilvand ◽  
Masoud Tajrishy ◽  
Sedigheh Alsadat Ghazi Zadeh Hashemi ◽  
Luca Brocca

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Farzanpour ◽  
Jalal Shiri ◽  
Ali Ashraf Sadraddini ◽  
Slavisa Trajkovic

Abstract Accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is a major task in hydrology, water resources management, irrigation scheduling and determining crop water requirement. There are many empirical equations suggested by numerous references in literature for calculating ETo using meteorological data. Some such equations have been developed for specific climatic conditions while some have been applied universally. The potential for usage of these equations depends on the availability of necessary meteorological parameters for calculating ETo in different climate conditions. The focus of the present study was a global cross-comparison of 20 ETo estimation equations using daily meteorological records of 10 weather stations (covering a period of 12 years) in a semi-arid region of Iran. Two data management scenarios, namely local and cross-station scenarios, were adopted for calibrating the applied equations against the standard FAO56-PM model. The obtained results revealed that the cross-station calibration might be a good alternative for local calibration of the ETo models when proper similar stations are used for feeding the calibration matrix.


2020 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billel Boumaaraf ◽  
Houria Boumaaraf ◽  
Mohamed El-Amine Slimani ◽  
Selma Tchoketch_Kebir ◽  
Mohamed Salah Ait-cheikh ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Maria da Silva ◽  
◽  
Maria de Fátima de Queiroz Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis da Silva Parente Nogueira ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 489-495
Author(s):  
Wedson de Lima Tôrres ◽  
João Claudio Vilvert ◽  
Airton Torres de Carvalho ◽  
Ricardo Henrique de Lima Leite ◽  
Camila Maia da Silva ◽  
...  

O Brasil se destaca como um dos principais produtores mundiais de mel. A legislação brasileira estabelece parâmetros de qualidade e análises físico-químicas para avaliar e controlar a qualidade do mel comercializado. Essas análises também são importantes para detectar adulterações que podem causar diversos efeitos negativos aos consumidores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar a qualidade físico-química de amostras de mel certificadas e não-certificadas produzidas em diferentes cidades da região semiárida brasileira. Vinte e quatro amostras de mel da região semiárida do Brasil foram coletadas e analisadas: quatro de mel certificadas com garantia de genuinidade e origem conhecida e vinte de mel não-certificadas. As seguintes análises foram realizadas em duplicata: umidade, atividade da água, açúcares redutores, sacarose, matéria insolúvel, cinzas, acidez livre, pH e hidroximetilfurfural (HMF). O conteúdo de sacarose foi mais alto nas amostras não-certificadas (p≤0.05), enquanto que as amostras certificadas apresentaram maior acidez livre (p≤0.05). Todas as amostras de mel atenderam aos padrões de umidade, açúcares redutores e cinzas. Sacarose e HMF estavam dentro dos padrões apenas nas amostras certificadas. Algumas amostras de mel de ambos os grupos não atenderam aos padrões de matéria insolúvel e acidez livre. É possível produzir mel em escala comercial nas regiões rurais do semiárido brasileiro, desde que alguns cuidados sejam tomados, especialmente em relação ao tempo prolongado de armazenamento, para que as amostras atendam aos padrões de qualidade.   Palavras-chave: Apis melífera. Brasil. Certificação. Mel. Clima Semiárido   Abstract Brazil stands out as one the world’s largest producers of honey. The Brazilian legislation establish quality standards and physicochemical analyses to evaluate and control the quality of honey sold. These analyses are also important to detect adulterations that can cause several negative effects to consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare physicochemical quality of certified and uncertified honey samples produced in different cities of the Brazilian semi-arid region. Twenty-four honey samples from semi-arid region of Brazil were collected and analysed: four from certified honey with a guarantee of genuineness and known history and twenty from uncertified honey. The following analysis were performed in duplicate: moisture, water activity, reducing sugars, sucrose, insoluble matter, ash, free acidity, pH and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Sucrose content was higher on uncertified samples (p≤0.05), while certified samples had higher free acidity (p≤0.05). All honey samples fit the standards for moisture, reducing sugars and ash. Sucrose and HMF were within the standards only in certified samples. Some honey samples of both groups do not fit the standards for insoluble matter and free acidity. It is possible to produce honey on a commercial scale in rural regions of the Brazilian semi-arid, provided that some precautions are taken, especially in relation to the prolonged storage time, so that the samples meet the quality standards.   Keywords: Apis mellifera. Brazil. Certification. Honey. Semi-Arid Climate


2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Pereira Sales ◽  
Arley Figueiredo Portugal ◽  
José Aloísio Alves Moreira ◽  
Marcos Koiti Kondo ◽  
Rodinei Facco Pegoraro

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