scholarly journals Socio-economic perspectives of family farming in South America: cases of Bolivia, Colombia and Peru

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Barrientos-Fuentes ◽  
Juan Carlos Torrico-Albino
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Market Income ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Economic Perspectives

Family farming is very important because it is, among other types, the principal source of food and employment, especially in developing countries. Given the constant changes in the agrarian structure and environment, what are the prospects of family farming under current conditions in South America? To answer this question, we have chosen three countries from this continent: Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru. Based on a literature review of case studies in each country, a comparative analysis of the following topics was carried out: purpose of family farming, production unit, and agricultural production, integration with the market, income, and food security. Many similarities were found in the studied countries, which allow for some generalizations in certain aspects related to the studied cases. Family farming is largely moving to the rhythm of the markets. Its transition from a condition of subsistence to commercial status depends mainly on the availability of sufficient resources for production: mainly land, labor, and financial capital. The scarcity of these resources is forcing farming families to seek other sources of income or to migrate. The monetization of farming is increasing.

Features of Water Cooperatives: A Comparative Study of Finland and Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesa Arvonen ◽  
Samuel N. Kibocha ◽  
Tapio S. Katko ◽  
Pekka Pietilä
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
South America ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Rural Water

There are several ways of arranging rural water supply. One of these is through water cooperatives that have been established to provide water supply, irrigation, and/or sewerage services. Water cooperatives are found in developed countries such as Finland, Denmark, Austria, Canada, and United States, and in developing countries in South America, such as Bolivia and Chile. Water cooperatives or their equivalent organizations that exist in Kenya are called self-help water projects. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been paid to this option even in countries with rich tradition of cooperatives in other sectors. In this study, Finland and Kenya were selected for a comparative analysis of the identified features of water cooperatives. Best practices observed in the features with differences could be shared between the two countries.

Russian Policy of Agriculture Support and the Necessity of Its Modification after WTO Accession

2012 ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Wto Accession ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Agriculture Support

The article deals with the features of the Russian policy of agriculture support in comparison with the EU and the US policies. Comparative analysis is held considering the scales and levels of collective agriculture support, sources of supporting means, levels and mechanisms of support of agricultural production manufacturers, its consumers, agrarian infrastructure establishments, manufacturers and consumers of each of the principal types of agriculture production. The author makes an attempt to estimate the consequences of Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organization based on a hypothesis that this will result in unification of the manufacturers and consumers’ protection levels in Russia with the countries that have long been WTO members.

Reanalysis of Flash Floods and Debris Flows on two continents and their management strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Daniel Rios-Arboleda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
South America ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Latitudinal Patterns

<p>This research expands the original analysis of Baker and Costa (1987) including data from Europe and South America with the objective to understand if there are emerging latitudinal patterns. In addition, the threshold proposed by Zimmermann et al. (1997) it is evaluated with the data from tropical zones finding that this is a good predictor.</p><p>Mainly, recent Debris Flow occurred in South America are analyzed with the aim of identifying the best risk management strategies and their replicability for developing countries, particularly, the cases that have occurred in Colombia and Venezuela in the last 30 years are analyzed in order to compare management strategies and understand which are the most vulnerable areas to this phenomenon.</p><p>It is concluded that large-scale and multinational projects such as SED ALP are required in South America to better characterize events that have left multiple fatalities (sometimes hundreds of people) and better understand how to manage the risk on densely populated areas.</p><p>Finally, the use of amateur videos is proposed to characterize these events in nations with limited budgets for projects such as SED ALP, methodology that will be described extensively in later works.</p>

CONCENTRATION AND REGIONALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Magdalena Golonko ◽  
Marcin Wysokiński ◽  
Arkadiusz Gromada
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Period

The main purpose of the article was to assess the regionalization of agricultural production in the world and the changes occurring in this aspect. The article presents the concentration level of agricultural production in the world by continent. The source of materials was data from FAOSTAT. The research period covered the years 2004 - 2016. In the analyzed period, the value of gross agricultural production doubled. Various trends were observed within the period studied. In the years 2004-2010, in all regions of the world, there was an increase in gross production of agriculture, while in the period 2010-2016 only in two – North America and Asia. It was noted that there was a high concentration of agricultural production, mainly concentrated in Asia and Europe. In the analyzed period, there was a relative increase in the share of agricultural production in Asia and South America as compared to other regions. Individual groups of agricultural products, such as cereals and animal production, were also analyzed. In both cases, concentration was different. The pace of concentration in animal production was higher than in plant production.

Synchrony and diachrony of postverbal negation in Jodï-Sáliban

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Emilio Rosés Labrada
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comparative Treatment

Abstract This article proposes a detailed comparative treatment of negation in the Jodï-Sáliban language family (Venezuela-Colombia, Northwest Amazonia, South America), which consists of four languages: Jodï [yau], Sáliba [slc], Piaroa [pid] and Mako [wpc]. This comparative analysis of negation strategies across the four languages in the family not only offers an overview of negation strategies in this language family but also allows for conclusions to be drawn on the cognacy of the different constructions and markers as well as on the sources of the main negation strategies. Specifically, I show that, even though certain markers are not cognate, negation in these languages has – as far back as the documentation goes – always been postverbal and suggest that postverbal negation can be diachronically stable. This research thus offers an in-depth analysis of negation in Jodï-Sáliban, a language family that remains underdescribed, and, crucially, contributes to our understanding of postverbal negation and its sources.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document