scholarly journals Cephalometric Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal Airway and Hyoid Bone Position in Subgroups of Class II Malocclusions

2020 ◽  
pp. 290-302
Author(s):  
Muhammed Hilmi Buyukcavus ◽  
Gönül Kocakara
Keyword(s):  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Airway ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia ◽  
Airway Dimensions

The aim of the study is to evaluate pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone position according to different Class II malocclusion types in Turkish population. Materials and Methods: The retrospective clinical study consisted of patients divided into 3 subgroups with skeletal Class II malocclusion. A total of 221 individuals (131 females and 90 males) were included in the study. Individuals with skeletal Class II malocclusion were divided into three subgroups as maxillary prognathia, mandibular retrognathia and combined. In the cephalometric analysis; 8 nasopharyngeal, 7 oropharyngeal, 2 hypopharyngeal, 9 hyoid measurements and 4 area measurements were used. The distribution of sex and growth-development stages of the patients were compared with the Pearson chi-square test. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate patients. Tukey Post-Hoc tests were used for bilateral comparisons for significant parameters. SPSS package program was used for data analysis. Results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05 significance level. Results: According to findings, there was no significant difference between the groups in nasopharyngeal airway and area measurements (p>0.05). When the position of the hyoid bone was evaluated, a statistically significant difference was found between the three groups in the measurements of Hy-Pg (mm) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Linear and areal nasopharyngeal airway dimensions are similar in subgroups of Class II malocclusions, while the distance of the hyoid bone from the pogonion is less in the mandibular retrognathia group.

Mandibular retrognathia correction using a fixed sagittal guidance appliance individually manufactured by selective laser melting manufacturing technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-423
Author(s):  
Anita Fekonja ◽  
Tjaša Zupancic Hartner ◽  
Andrej Cretnik
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathia

Purpose Digitalization and additive manufacturing now play an important role in the manufacturing of medical and dental products. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion in a growing patient using fixed sagittal guidance (FSG) appliance manufactured by digital and fast procedure by selective laser melting. Design/methodology/Approach This study present the case of a 14-year-old boy with a convex profile owing to a retrognathic mandible, an overjet (8 mm), a deep overbite (7 mm), a Class II canine, a molar relationship on both sides and an accentuated lower curve of Spee. The lateral cephalogram showed a skeletal Class II discrepancy with mandibular retrognathia, skeletal deep bite, reduced lower anterior facial height and proclined upper incisors. Treatment using FSG and fixed orthodontic appliance was performed within 15 months. Findings The final results show a well-balanced face and a nice profile. Protrusion of the maxillary anterior teeth was corrected, and a Class I molar relationship was achieved with proper overjet and overbite. Research limitations/implications The results from the proposed method are promising, although long-term results with a large group are not yet available. Practical implications Using an individually made FSG appliance from biocompatible material and an individualized treatment plan, an effective result in treating Class II malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible with favorable dentofacial effects has been achieved. Originality/value This is the first paper describing the use of additive manufacturing for orthodontic appliances in Slovenia.

scholarly journals Association between Crowding and the Effective Maxillary and Mandibular Length among Orthodontic Patients of Kathmandu, Nepal.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Sanjay Prasad Gupta ◽  
Samarika Dahal ◽  
Shristi Rauniyar
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Crowding

Background: During orthodontic consultation, the most frequent major complaint of the patients is dental crowding, which is caused by a disparity between the arch length and tooth size. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between crowding and the effective maxillary and mandibular length in Nepalese orthodontic patients.Methods: The orthodontic records of 390 people (from January 2018 to December 2020) were randomly selected and classified into three skeletal malocclusions based on the ANB angle (Angle formed by point A and point B at the nasion). Subjects with skeletal malocclusions were subdivided into two groups depending on the degree of crowding in the mandibular arch: Group 1 had crowding of < 3mm, and Group 2 had crowding of >3mm. On pretreatment casts, digital vernier calipers (Digimatic, Precise, India) were used to assess dental arch crowding, whereas, on a pretreatment lateral cephalogram, digital cephalometric analysis (Vistadent OC 1.1, USA) was done to quantify effective maxillary and mandibular length. Inter-group comparisons were assessed using a one-way analysis of variance. The correlation was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (p≤0.05).Results: There was a statistically significant difference in effective maxillary and mandibular length among skeletal malocclusions (p<0.05). Skeletal Class II malocclusion had the greatest mandibular crowding, while skeletal Class III malocclusion had the least. The effective maxillary and mandibular lengths and dental crowding had a significant but weak inverse correlation, whereas a strong but moderate positive correlation existed between the maxillary and mandibular effective lengths (r=0.674) and also between maxillary and mandibular crowding (r=0.631).Conclusion: Effective maxillary length was highest in skeletal class II malocclusion whereas effective mandibular length was highest in skeletal class III malocclusion. The shorter effective maxillary and mandibular lengths showed a weak association with dental crowding.

Comparative Analysis of Dentoskeletal Changes of the Twin Block Appliance and the AdvanSync2 Appliance in Treatment of Skeletal Class-II Malocclusion in Pakistani Population: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fareena Ghaffar ◽  
Abdullah Jan ◽  
Obaid Akhtar ◽  
Alaina T. Mughal ◽  
Rooma Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Appliances

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare dentoskeletal changes in skeletal class-II malocclusion with removable twin block appliance and fixed AdvanSync2 appliance. Materials and Methods A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted over a span of 1 year at AFID at Rawalpindi. Thirty patients with skeletal class-II malocclusion, 16 males (53.3%) and 14 females (46.6%), were randomly selected and divided in two equal groups (15 each) to be treated with either fixed functional appliances (FFAs) or with removable functional appliances (RFAs). Out of 30 patients, 15 between cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages of 2 and 3 were treated with RFA (twin block appliances) and remaining 15 between CVM stages of 4 and 5 were treated with FFA (AdvanSync2 appliances). Pretreatment (T1) and posttreatment (T2), angular variable, and linear variable were measured to compare the dentoskeletal effects between the two groups. Statitical Analysis Paired sample t-test was used to assess significant difference between variables at T1 (Pre-treatment) and T2 (Post-treatment) stage for both RFA and FFA group. Comparison among the RFA and FFA group was made using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test. IBM SPSS version 25.0 was used for evaluation. Results No significant difference was found in angular variables between the RFA and FFA groups (p > 0.05) with the exception of linear variables. Sella-posterior nasal spine (S-PNS) length significantly increased and Jarabak's ratio significantly decreased for FFA group (p = 0.010 and 0.045, respectively), when compared with RFA group. Conclusion Both the appliances, twin block (RFA) and AdvanSync2 (FFA), are effective for correction of skeletal class-II malocclusion. Both the appliances produced similar effects in the sagittal plane but for better vertical control twin block should be the appliance of choice. AdvanSync2 appliance could be preferred over twin block appliance when dentoalveolar and slight retrusive effect on the maxilla is desired especially for individuals in postpubertal growth spurt.

scholarly journals Facial profile esthetics change of class II malocclusion patients treated with the Herbst appliance as perceived by orthodontists and laypersons

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Jovana Milutinovic ◽  
Nenad Nedeljkovic ◽  
Nenad Korolija ◽  
Biljana Milicic
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction/Objective. The recognition of differences in individual assessment of facial attractiveness could be valuable assistance in planning the orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare facial profile attractiveness changes of patients treated with the Herbst appliance perceived by orthodontists and laypersons. Methods. The patient sample comprised 33 young Caucasian still-growing patients, aged 14?18 years, with skeletal class II malocclusion treated with the Herbst and multibracket appliances. Facial profile photographs before and after the treatment were shown to 54 orthodontists and 50 laypersons. In the esthetics oriented poll, the evaluators rated the change in facial appearance. Results. The attractiveness scores differed between the two rater groups (p < 0.001), with orthodontists being more generous, whereas there was no significant difference between female and male evaluators in both groups (p > 0.05). However, scores differed significantly in grading female and male patients (p < 0.001), so that female patients got higher scores; younger evaluators graded more critically between different age groups of the evaluators (p < 0.001), as well as between the patients with different initial severity of malocclusion (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The difference in attractiveness scores differed between two groups, with laypersons being more critical than orthodontists. Higher scores were given to female patients by both groups, as well as by the evaluators in the older age group.

scholarly journals Treatment effects of skeletally anchored Forsus FRD EZ and Herbst appliances: A retrospective clinical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mevlut Celikoglu ◽  
Suleyman Kutalmis Buyuk ◽  
Abdullah Ekizer ◽  
Tuba Unal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Tissue Effects ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of the Forsus FRD appliance with miniplate anchorage inserted in the mandibular symphyses and to compare the findings with a well-matched control group treated with a Herbst appliance for the correction of a skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion. Materials and Methods:  The sample consisted of 32 Class II subjects divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 16 patients (10 females and 6 males; mean age, 13.20 ± 1.33 years) treated using the Forsus FRD EZ appliance with miniplate anchorage inserted in the mandibular symphyses. Group II consisted of 16 patients (9 females and 7 males; mean age, 13.56 ± 1.27 years) treated using the Herbst appliance. Seventeen linear and 10 angular measurements were performed to evaluate and compare the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of the appliances using paired and Student's t-tests. Results:  Both appliances were effective in correcting skeletal class II malocclusion and showed similar skeletal and soft tissue changes. The maxillary incisor was statistically significantly more retruded in the skeletally anchored Forsus FRD group (P &lt; .01). The mandibular incisor was retruded in the skeletally anchored Forsus FRD group (−4.09° ± 5.12°), while it was protruded in the Herbst group (7.50° ± 3.98°) (P &lt; .001). Conclusion:  Although both appliances were successful in correcting the skeletal Class II malocclusion, the skeletally anchored Forsus FRD EZ appliance did so without protruding the mandibular incisors.

The Effect Of Facial Vertical Dimension Changes On The Value Of Facial Harmony In Malocclusion Class II Skeletal In RSGM USU

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Muslim Yusuf ◽  
Siti Bahirrah ◽  
Bernadetta Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
Facial Harmony ◽  
Significant Change

Treatment of Class II malocclusion have impact in relation to the vertical dimensions of the skeletal and facial soft tissues mainly to the facial balancing and proportion which relate to patient facial harmony. The aim of this study was to determine the changes and differences in facial vertical dimensions to the total value of facial harmony in skeletal Class II after treatment with extraction and non-extraction of the maxillary first premolar based on Arnett and Bergmann at the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic of RSGM, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The sample consisted of initial and final cephalometry of 36 patients with age 18-35 years old, skeletal Class II malocclusion ANB > 4o, divided into extraction of maxillary first premolar and non-extraction group. Cephalometric tracing with the required points, then the photos are processed into image J software. Then the data that obtained is tested statistically with Pearson’s Correlation Test and T-Test Independent. There was a significant change between MP-SN and Pog-Imd (P=0,036) in the first premolar extraction group, but there was not a significant change in the non-extraction first premolar group. There was a significant difference in the face harmony value at point G-A between the extraction and non-extraction groups (P=0,038). There was a significant difference on the face harmony value in the treatment of malocclusion Class II orthodontic with maxillary first premolar extraction. 

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