scholarly journals Estadios ninfales de Amnestus rugosus (Hemiptera: Cydnidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jezabel Báez Santacruz ◽  
María Cristina Mayorga Martínez
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
And Behavior

In Mexico there are 29 species of Amnestus, of which six species are from Veracruz. The morphological features and illustrations of immature stages of A. rugosus are presented. Notes about the biology and behavior were included. The nymphal and adult stages of A. rugosus were found in remnants of riparian vegetation of the mesophilous forest in La Antigua river basin, Veracruz, Mexico. Twelve sites in five localities were selected and the specimens were sampled in rainy (July) and dry (April) seasons of 2012. The samples were processed in Berlese-Tullgren funnel and Winkler. A total of 419 individuals, 320 adults and 99 nymphs of A. rugosus were revised. The size and coloration of the body and punctuation patterns the immature stages of A. rugosus, A. ficus, and A. morelensis are the main differences among these species. A. rugosus is a first record from Veracruz.

A mid-Cretaceous female scale insect (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in Burmese amber

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4810 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-522
Author(s):  
GEORGE POINAR ◽  
FERNANDO E. VEGA ◽  
SCOTT A. SCHNEIDER
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Burmese Amber

A new genus and species of scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) is described from a female specimen in mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Myanmar) amber. Fossil female scales are rare and the present species, described as Paleolepidotus macrocolus gen. et sp. n., has such an unusual assortment of morphological features that it could not be assigned to any particular extant or extinct family. The small, ferruginous specimen exhibits a series of long wax pencils that extend around the body, including the head. The antennae and legs are quite long compared to other extant and extinct scale fossils. Of special interest are the protruding eyes, and a conical-triangular rostrum arising from between the forelegs; the claws with bifid apices are also unique. The ovisac contains immature stages. 

Description of the immature stages of the Neotropical whirligig beetle Gyrinus (Neogyrinus) rozei Ochs, 1953 (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae) and first report of the parasitoid wasp Melanosmicra sp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) on a Gyrinus species

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4732 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
DANIARA COLPANI ◽  
CÉSAR JOÃO BENETTI ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
VANDERLY ANDRADE-SOUZA ◽  
KARINE SCHOENINGER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
Northern Brazil

In most species of Gyrinidae, the immature stages are unknown, especially due to the difficulty in collecting the juveniles and assigning them to a particular species. Molecular association is a feasible technique that may solve this problem. Recent studies have used DNA sequence data, specifically the gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), to associate immature and adult stages, thus enabling the description of the former. The objectives of this study were (1) to describe and illustrate the immature stages of Gyrinus (Neogyrinus) rozei Ochs, 1953 including morphometric, chaetotaxic and bionomic information, and (2) to assess the usefulness of the gene COI to associate immatures and adults of Gyrinus. The studied specimens were collected in Roraima state, northern Brazil. The association of immature and adult stages was done either by rearing adults under laboratory conditions or by using DNA sequence data (COI). Eggs were described based on scanning electron microscopy; they are distinguished mainly by several features of chorion, micropyle and reticulation. Larvae of G. (N.) rozei can be distinguished from those of other Neotropical Gyrinidae by a combination of several characters, including the stipes with five robust hook-like additional setae on the dorsointernal margin, and the lacinia roughly hook-shaped. The pupa is similar to that of G. argentinus Steinhel, 1869, except for the number of setae on the body. The first record of the parasitoid wasp Melanosmicra sp. (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) on a Gyrinus species is also provided. 

Descriptions of the larva and pupa of Mecynodera balyi Clark, 1864, with notes on its life history (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Sagrinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4686 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-570
Author(s):  
CHRIS A.M. REID ◽  
MAX BEATSON
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Immature Stages

The larva and pupa of the sagrine chrysomelid Mecynodera balyi Clark, 1864 are described and life history notes provided for this species. The larva of Mecynodera balyi is spermophagous and feeds inside seed pods of Pandorea, a vine in the Bignoniaceae. This is the first record of larval spermophagy in any chrysomelid other than Bruchinae, the sister subfamily to Sagrinae. Several morphological features of the immature stages are newly recorded for the Sagrinae. The implications of these new data for systematic placement of Sagrinae are discussed. 

Morphological and behavioural features of bark beetles of the tribe Scolytini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) associated with fungi

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Петров
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trophic Specialization ◽  
Anterior Plate ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Food Substrate

Подсемейство Scolytinae объединяет около 6000 видов жуков, отличающихся друг от друга размерами, формой тела, поведением и пищевой специализацией. Цель исследования – выявление особенностей морфологии и поведения жуков из разных родов трибы Scolytini, связанных с особенностями питания, – флео-ксилофагов и ксиломицетофагов. Существенные различия проявляются в поведении флео-ксилофагов и ксиломицетофагов при прохождении дополнительного питания жуками и заселении кормового растения. Различия наблюдаются в характере построения маточных ходов ксиломицетофагов и флео-ксилофагов и в питании личинок. Ходы ксило-мицетофагов выгрызаются в древесине перпендикулярно поверхности коры. Ксиломицетофаги переносят споры грибов, производят «посев» микобиоты в «личиночных нишах». Личинки Camptocerus грызут ткани древесины, расширяя личиночные ниши и питаются мицелием грибов. Молодые жуки покидают ходы через входное отверстие родителей. Личинки флео-ксилофагов питаются тканями луба, камбия и древесины. Завершив развитие, молодые жуки покидают ходы через «вылётные отверстия». С особенностями поведения и питания потомства связаны морфологические особенности жуков. У ксиломицетофагов возникают микангии – органы переноса микобиоты. Провентрикулус ксиломицетофагов более вытянут в длину. Передняя мембрана у ксиломицетофагов рода Camptocerus вооружена склеротизованными зубцевидными бугорками. Строение провентрикулуса флео-ксилофагов Scolytus отличается удлиненными ланцетовидными пластинами на задней мембране, направленными к центру провентрикулюса. Передняя мембрана провентрикулюса Scolytus вооружена многочисленными мелкими заостренными бугорками. Mорфология провентрикулюса флео-ксилофагов родов Ceratolepis, Cnemonyx, Loganius близка к Camptocerus. Строение провентрикулюса Scolytopsis схоже со Scolytus. The subfamily Scolytinae includes about 6000 species of beetles, varying in size, shape of the body, behavior and trophic specialization. The objective of this research is the study of features of morphology and behavior of beetles from different genera of the tribe Scolytini associated with of type of feeding habits: phleophagy and xylophagy and xylomycetophagy (ambrosia beetles). Important differences are seen in behavior of phleophagous-xylophagous and xylomycetophagous group during additional feeding and colonizations of host trees. Significant differences are observed in the building of egg galleries by ambrosia beetles and in feeding of larvae. Galleries of ambrosia beetles are excavated into sapwood and perpendicular to the bark of the host tree. Ambrosia beetles transport innoculum of fungi, cultivating «crops» of the mycobiota. Larvae expand the egg niche into a larval cradle, consuming wood and feeding upon fungi. Emerged imagos of ambrosia beetles leave the galleries through entrance tunnel of parents. Larvae of phloeo-xylophagous group eat phloem, cambium and sapwood. Having finished development, young beetles leave the courses through self-made flight-holes. The behavior and food substrate of larvae of beetles define morphological features of phloeophagy, xylophagy and xylomycetophagy groups. Adult ambrosia beetles have mycangia – structures for transfer of the mycobiota. The proventriculus of xylomycetophagous beetles from genus Сamptocerus is more extended in length. The anterior plate of proventriculus in Camptocerus is armed with big tubercles. The structure of the proventriculus of phloeo-xylophagous genus Scolytus differs in the extended apical laminate teeth on the posterior plate directed to the center of the proventriculus. The anterior plate is armed with numerous small pointed tubercles. The morphology of the proventriculus of phoeo-xylophagous genera Ceratolepis, Cnemonyx, Loganius is similar to that of Camptocerus. The morphology of the proventriculus of Scolytopsis is similar to that of Scolytus.

scholarly journals A new cave species of Rhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from Serra do Ramalho, northeastern Brazil, with notes on ecology and behavior

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elina Bichuette ◽  
Eleonora Trajano
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Body Coloration ◽  
Eye Size ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Dark Pigmentation ◽  
And Behavior

Rhamdia enfurnada, a new troglobitic (exclusively subterranean) catfish, is described from the Gruna do Enfurnado, Serra do Ramalho, southwestern Bahia State, middle São Francisco River basin. It differs from epigean congeners from the São Francisco River basin by the variable eye size, ranging from reduced to externally invisible (bilateral asymmetry in development of eyes is frequently observed), with a conspicuous orbital concavity (orbital diameter varying from 6.4 to 13.6% of head length in R. enfurnada and from 14.5 to 24.4% in the epigean species); by the dark pigmentation reduced due to a decrease in density of melanophores, and also variable. In comparison to other cave species, R. enfurnada presents a low degree of troglomorphism regarding development of eyes and pigmentation, indicating a relatively short time evolving in isolation in the subterranean environment: R. reddelli is described as lacking eyes and with almost no pigmentation; likewise, R. macuspanensis and R. laluchensis as having rudimentary eyes, covered with skin and not visible externally, and with reduced body pigmentation; R. zongolicensis is also almost devoid of dark pigmentation, but eyes are less reduced than in R. reddelli. R. quelen urichi, also does not present any trace of eyes externally, but the body coloration is described as pale yellowish brown. Rhamdia guasarensis has a concave dorsal profile of head and a complete absence of pigmentation and eyes. The population density (preliminarily estimated in 0.1-0.2 individuals m-2 in average, and reaching 10 individuals m-2, in the dry season and size (several thousands of individuals) of R. enfurnada may be considered high for cave fish standards. Rhamdia enfurnada exhibited an increased midwater activity when compared to their typically bottom-dwelling epigean relatives; are mostly indifferent to light and moderately aggressive.

YUKAGIR GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS IN TOPONYMY OF THE KOLYMA RIVER BASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
N.S. Bagdaryyn
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
Kolyma River

The article continues the author's research on the toponymy of the North-East of the Sakha Republic, in particular the Kolyma river basin, in the aspect of the interaction of related and unrelated languages. The relevance of this work is defined in the description of local geographical terminology of Yukagir origin, as a valuable and important material in the further study of toponymy of the region. For the first time, the toponymy of the Kolyma river basin becomes the object of sampling and linguistic analysis of toponyms with local geographical terms of Yukagir origin in order to identify and analyze them linguistically. The research was carried out by comparative method, word formation, structural, lexical and semantic analysis. As a result of the research, phonetic and morphological features are revealed, the formation of local geographical terms and geographical names of Yukagir origin is outlined, and previously unrecorded semantic shifts and dialectisms are revealed. The most active in the formation of terms and toponyms is the geographical term iилil / eҕal 'coast‘, which is justified by the representation of the Yukagirs’ coast' home, housing

scholarly journals First record of Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Gervais, 1850) from Ukraine on the background of the European occurrence of the species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Marciszak ◽  
Yuriy Semenov ◽  
Piotr Portnicki ◽  
Tamara Derkach
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
South Eastern

AbstractCranial material ofPachycrocuta brevirostrisfrom the late Early Pleistocene site of Nogaisk is the first record of this species in Ukraine. This large hyena was a representative of the Tamanian faunal complex and a single specialised scavenger in these faunas. The revisited European records list ofP.brevirostrisdocumented the presence of this species in 101 sites, dated in the range of 3.5–0.4 Ma. This species first disappeared in Africa, survived in Europe until ca. 0.8–0.7 Ma, and its last, relict occurrence was known from south-eastern Asia. The main reason of extinction ofP.brevirostrisprobably was the competition withCrocuta crocuta. The cave hyena was smaller, but its teeth were proportionally larger to the body size, better adapted to crushing bones and slicing meat, and could also hunt united in larger groups.

scholarly journals Morphological and Genetic Structure of Two Equivalent Astyanax Species (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Region of Paranaíba Arc

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Rodrigues Rocha ◽  
Rosana de Mesquita Alves ◽  
Rubens Pasa ◽  
Karine Frehner Kavalco
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Geometric Morphometric

The Astyanax scabripinnis complex is composed of a large number of almost morphological indistinguishable species, including Astyanax paranae and Astyanax rivularis, which exist in the Paraná and São Francisco Basins, respectively, and sometimes are considered subspecies of the A. scabripinnis group or even are cited just as A. scabripinnis. The two river basins are separated by the Upper Paranaíba Arc, likely the main cause of the isolation of these species. We used geometric morphometric tools and DNA analyses of populations of both species to identify the differences between them. Geometric morphometrics separated the two species into distinct groups, whose main difference was the body depth. This is generally related to the speed of the water flow in the river basins. The maximum likelihood phylogram based on mitochondrial DNA sequences formed two main clades: one composed of the population of A. rivularis and the other, of A. paranae. In the haplotype network, the species were similarly separated into two groups from the same ancestral haplotype, with A. rivularis dispersing into two lineages in the São Francisco River Basin. The distribution of A. paranae is a consequence of a secondary dispersion event in the Paraná River Basin. It forms two lineages from a haplotype derived from the ancestor. The vicariant effect of separate basins, through the elevation of the Upper Paranaíba Arc, led to the allopatric speciation of the populations originating the present species. The results of geometric morphometrics and molecular data of the fish show the importance of this geological event in the biogeography and evolutionary history of the ichthyofauna of the region and indicate that the isolation of these species seems to be effective.

The immature stages of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), with notes on distribution and bionomics

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4358 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
GLEISON ROBSON DESIDÉRIO ◽  
ANA MARIA PES ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
JORGE LUIZ NESSIMIAN
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Record ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
State Information ◽  
Amazonas State

Immature stages of many Brazilian Smicridea species remains unknown, and efforts to describe all life stages are required. In this paper, the larva and pupa of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978, associated with adults through the metamorphotype method, are described and illustrated. In addition, the known distribution of this species is extended in the Brazilian Amazon Basin with new records from Amazonas state and the first record in Pará state. Information about its bionomics is also provided. 

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