scholarly journals The Demographic Effect of “Lucky” Breeding: Consequences of a Single Exceptional Breeding Result

2012 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. SI_2010_s15-SI_2010_s29
Author(s):  
Mircea Pfleiderer
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Effect

scholarly journals Deer movement and resource selection during Hurricane Irma: implications for extreme climatic events and wildlife

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1916) ◽  
pp. 20192230 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Abernathy ◽  
D. A. Crawford ◽  
E. P. Garrison ◽  
R. B. Chandler ◽  
M. L. Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Selection ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Demographic Effect ◽  
Hurricane Irma

Extreme climatic events (ECEs) are increasing in frequency and intensity and this necessitates understanding their influence on organisms. Animal behaviour may mitigate the effects of ECEs, but field studies are rare because ECEs are infrequent and unpredictable. Hurricane Irma made landfall in southwestern Florida where we were monitoring white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus seminolus ) with GPS collars. We report on an opportunistic case study of behavioural responses exhibited by a large mammal during an ECE, mitigation strategies for reducing the severity of the ECE effects, and the demographic effect of the ECE based on known-fate of individual animals. Deer altered resource selection by selecting higher elevation pine and hardwood forests and avoiding marshes. Most deer left their home ranges during Hurricane Irma, and the probability of leaving was inversely related to home range area. Movement rates increased the day of the storm, and no mortality was attributed to Hurricane Irma. We suggest deer mobility and refuge habitat allowed deer to behaviourally mitigate the negative effects of the storm, and ultimately, aid in survival. Our work contributes to the small but growing body of literature linking behavioural responses exhibited during ECEs to survival, which cumulatively will provide insight for predictions of a species resilience to ECEs and improve our understanding of how behavioural traits offset the negative impacts of global climate change.

scholarly journals Demographic Effect of Parental Motives behind Their Children Participation in Sports Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Burhanullah khan ◽  
Muhammad iftikhar khan ◽  
Muhammad Asghar khan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Demographic Effect ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Inferential Statistic ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Sports Activities

The present aimed to examine the demographic effect of parental motives behind their children participation in sports activities. The population of this study comprised all the parents whose children were in role in government primary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Available sample technique was applied for the study. Self-administered questionnaire was used for the data collection. Inferential statistic t-test and ANOVA was for the data analyses. Government Servant parents reported more score than Jobless, Private servant, labor, merchant and others parents in average motives. It was also found that Graduate of secondary education parents reported more score than illiterate, Graduate of Primary, Graduate of higher education, graduate of highest and post graduate education in average motives. It was recommended that efforts may be made to increase a knowledgeable fan base and a significant portion of population participating in sports.

scholarly journals Viral Infections among the Huron: An Ecological Approach

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Sam Magliore
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
European Contact ◽  
Demographic Effect ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Natural Histories

The introduction of viral diseases such as smallpox, during the European contact period, had a profound demographic effect on Amerindian groups. Given what we know today about the natural histories of smallpox and other viral infections (i.e., mode of transmission, incubation period, etc.), I examine a number of sociocultural factors that may have contributed to the spread and/or severity of these diseases among the Huron during the 1634-1640 period.

The Impact of Subsidies and Charging Facilities on Demand for Electric Vehicles in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohui Ma ◽  
Pingping Gao ◽  
Hui Tan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Demographic Effect ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Electrical Vehicle ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The Chinese government has announced a trial programme to provide for private purchase of new battery-operated electric vehicles (EVs) and for plug-in hybrids in five cities. We investigate the potential impact of these subsidies and charging facilities on demand for EVs, using data from a survey of potential car buyers in China. Building on the understanding of factors and incentives that would likely encourage households to adopt EVs would help to improve policy interventions. Data collection is based on experimental design and stated choice methods through an Internet survey. Choice alternatives include a conventional gasoline, a plug-in hybrid and a pure electrical vehicle. In addition to subsidy and charging facilities, we also investigate the impact of common vehicle attributes such as purchase price, cruising range, refuelling time and the socio-demographic effect. Applying a multinomial logit (MNL) model, we find that subsidies would significantly encourage households to choose a plug-in hybrid or an EV. Compared to pure EVs, people in China are more willing to accept plug-in hybrids at present. Compared to the price factors, charging facilities are less of a concern when households consider the adoption of an EV. Willingness-to-pay and market share simulation are computed based on the estimated parameters for further analysis.

scholarly journals The Patterns and Impact of Off-Working Hours, Weekends and Seasonal Admissions of Patients with Major Trauma in a Level 1 Trauma Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8542
Author(s):  
Husham Abdelrahman ◽  
Hassan Al-Thani ◽  
Naushad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Monira Mollazehi ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Demographic Effect ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Level 1

Background: The trauma incidence follows specific patterns in different societies and is expected to increase over the weekend and nighttime. We aimed to explore and analyze the incidence, pattern, and severity of trauma at different times (working hours vs. out off-working hours, weekdays vs. weekends and season). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted at a level 1 trauma facility in Qatar. All injured patients admitted between June 2017 and May 2018 were included. The data were analyzed to determine whether outcomes and care parameters of these patients differed between regular working hours and off-working hours, weekdays vs. weekends, and between season intervals. Results: During the study period, 2477 patients were admitted. A total of 816 (32.9%) patients presented during working hours and 1500 (60.6%) during off-working hours. Off-working hours presentations differed significantly with the injury severity score (ISS) (p  <  0.001), ICU length of stay (p  =  0.001), blood transfusions (p = 0.001), intubations (p = 0.001), mortality rate (9.7% vs. 0.7%; p < 0.001), and disposition to rehabilitation centers. Weekend presentations were significantly associated with a higher ISS (p = 0.01), Priority 1 trauma activation (19.1% vs. 14.7%; p = 0005), and need for intubation (21% vs. 16%; p = 0.002). The length of stay (ICU and hospital), mortality, and disposition to rehabilitation centers and other clinical parameters did not show any significant differences. No significant seasonal variation was observed in terms of admissions at the trauma center. Conclusions: The off-working hours admission showed an apparent demographic effect in involved mechanisms, injury severity, and trauma activations, while outcomes, especially the mortality rate, were significantly different during nights but not during the weekends. The only observed seasonal effect was a decrease in the number of admissions during the summer break.

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