scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MG AND S ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS PRODUCTS AND NITROGEN CONTENT IN WINTER WHEAT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rūta DROMANTIENĖ ◽  
Irena PRANCKIETIENĖ ◽  
Gvidas ŠIDLAUSKAS ◽  
Vita SMALSTIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

In 2013 and 2014, field experiments involving winter wheat were conducted at Aleksandras Stulginskis University’s Experimental Station on a medium-textured Cal(ca)ri-Epihypogleyic Luvisol. N150P90K120 were applied as the main fertilizers. Additionally, a foliar fertilizer including amide nitrogen, sulphur and magnesium (MgO concentrations ranging from 0.25 % to 2.5 %), (further referred to as magnesium fertilizer), was sprayed at the tillering and booting stages of winter wheat. It was found that magnesium fertilizer foliar-applied at the end of tillering and booting stages tended to increase chlorophyll a and b contents in winter wheat leaves. Chlorophyll a content in leaves significantly increased when the solution with 2.5 % concentration of magnesium had been applied at tillering and when 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 % concentrations of the solution had been applied at booting stages. Chlorophyll b content in winter wheat leaves was significantly affected by the solutions with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 % magnesium concentrations at tillering and by the solutions with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 % magnesium concentrations at booting stages. The highest increase in dry matter content was recorded when 2.5 % MgO solution had been applied at booting stage. A statistically significant correlation was established between the MgO concentrations applied at tillering (r = 0.905*) and booting (r = 0.863*) stages and nitrogen content in winter wheat dry matter.

Effect of seed stimulation on germination and sugar beet yield

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Prośba-Białczyk ◽  
H. Szajsner ◽  
E. Grzyś ◽  
A. Demczuk ◽  
E. Sacała ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Saccharose Content ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Germination and sugar beet yield after seed stimulation were investigated. The seeds came from the energ'hill technology and were subject to laser irradiation. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and field conditions. Lengthening of germinal roots and hypocotyls was observed. A positive effect of the stimulation on the morphological features was observed for the Eh seeds and laser irradiation applied in a three-fold dose. The energ'hill seeds exhibited a significantly higher content of carotenoids in seedlings and an increase in the content of chlorophylls. Laser light irradiation favourably modified the ratio of chlorophyll a to b. The leaves and roots of plants developed from the energ'hill and irradiated seeds were characterized by higher dry matter content thanin non-stimulated seeds. Seed stimulation had a positive influence on yielding and the saccharose content.

A SURVEY OF COMPOSITION AND HEAT DAMAGE IN DEHYDRATED ALFALFA PRODUCTS OVER THE GROWING SEASON FROM TWO B.C. PROCESSING PLANTS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. SHELFORD ◽  
E. B. CATHCART ◽  
R. T. FRANCE ◽  
J. L. DOBB
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Main Factor

Samples of forages were collected throughout the growing season from two dehydrating plants at three different stages of processing: prior to drying, after drying and after pelleting. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, fibre, nitrogen content of the acid detergent fibre and pepsin insoluble nitrogen. On the average the amount of heat damage present in the dehydrated samples was quite low (6.11 ADIN % N). There was significantly more heat damage in the samples from the Creston plant. The dry matter content of the material leaving the drier appears to be the main factor related to elevated heat damage.

Use of dry matter content as a rapid and low-cost estimate for ranking genotypic differences in water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations in the stem and leaf sheath of Triticum aestivum

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang-Ping Xue ◽  
C. Lynne McIntyre ◽  
Allan R. Rattey ◽  
Anthony F. van Herwaarden ◽  
Ray Shorter
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Field Samples

Stem water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) are an important source of temporary carbohydrate reserve in cool-season cereals. Genotypic variation in stem WSC concentration in wheat at anthesis is often positively associated with grain weight and yield in water-limited environments. In this study we have examined the relationship between dry matter content (DMC, dry weight per unit of fresh weight) and WSC concentration in field-grown bread wheat. Strong correlations (r = 0.92–0.95) were observed between DMC and WSC concentration in the stem and leaf sheath from the top two or three internodes of recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Seri M82 and Babax, at anthesis or 1 week after anthesis, in several field experiments. This strong correlation was also observed in diverse genotypes grown under rainfed or irrigated conditions. DMC and WSC concentration were also positively correlated in the whole above-ground biomass of wheat at anthesis (r = 0.74–0.91). Measurement of stem and leaf sheath DMC and WSC concentration in a small number of samples would allow the rapid prediction of WSC concentrations in a large number of field samples with reasonable accuracy, as demonstrated in a small dataset in this study. These data indicate that DMC can serve cereal breeding as a rapid and low-cost selection tool for genotypic ranking of WSC concentrations in breeding populations.

COMPARISON OF TISSUES FROM SOLID- AND HOLLOW-STEMMED SPRING WHEATS DURING GROWTH: I. DRY MATTER AND NITROGEN CONTENTS OF PITH AND WALL AND THEIR RELATION TO SAWFLY RESISTANCE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. McGinnis ◽  
R. Kasting
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Egg Mortality ◽  
Golden Ball ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The dry matter content of the internodes of the wheat varieties, Thatcher, Rescue, and Golden Ball, grown on non-irrigated land varied with age, variety, and internode. The nitrogen content of the stem tissues varied from 6 per cent for immature to less than 1 per cent for mature tissues. The nodes of these wheat plants generally contained less dry matter and more nitrogen than did the internodes. At maturity the top third of each of the two uppermost internodes of Thatcher grown on irrigated land contained the highest percentages of dry matter and nitrogen, and the bottom third contained the lowest. The stems of the wheats and of Eagle oats were not greatly different in dry matter and nitrogen content during the period when larvae of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Nort., usually die in oat plants.Resistance of solid-stemmed wheats to the sawfly does not appear to be associated with a quantitative nutritional deficiency of either moisture or nitrogen. The analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that older larvae in solid-stemmed wheats die as a result of desiccation. Pith of Golden Ball contained more moisture than did that of Rescue, which supports the view that greater egg mortality may occur in the former variety because of the higher moisture content.

Effect of topping and irrigation on yield of flue-cured tobacco grown in a Mediterranean environment

1989 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Orphanos ◽  
C. Metochis
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Similar Content ◽  
The Cost

SUMMARYTopping of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants (removal of the inflorescence) is not practised in Cyprus. Two field experiments were carried out at Akhelia Station, in 1985 and 1986, to test whether topping increased the yield or improved leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco grown under different types of irrigation. In contrast to the results of other studies, topping when the corolla had appeared on half the flowers did not increase yield. Topping when the inflorescence was just clear of the leaves (21 leaves harvested from topped plants v. 32 leaves from untopped plants) increased fresh yield by 7·0% but dry matter yield by 18·0%. The effects of topping were more marked on the leaves reaped at the third and fourth harvests, which constituted 52% of the fresh yield or 60% of the dry matter yield. At these harvests, leaves from topped plants had a lower percentage of midrib material (18·5 v. 21·0%) than leaves from untopped plants but a higher dry matter content (19·2 v. 17·2%) and specific leaf weight (80·0 v. 56·0 g/m2). Leaves of the fourth harvest from topped plants (27% of the total fresh yield) contained appreciably more nicotine (1·34%) than leaves from untopped plants (0·40%) but had a similar content of reducing sugars (20%). Topping did not influence the N, P and K contents of the leaves.Irrigation increased fresh yield from 12·0 t/ha (225 mm water) to 24·0 t/ha (450 mm water) and dry matter yield from 2·0 to 3·8 t/ha, respectively, in Expt 1.As Cypriot tobacco growers are paid for fresh yield delivered to the curing plant, the marginal increase of fresh yield with topping will hardly cover the cost of the extra operations involved.

scholarly journals Some physiological changes in Waldsteinia trifolia (Roch.) leaves in different months of the year

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Renata Wojciechowska ◽  
Tadeusz Kobyłko ◽  
Anna Hostyńska
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
High Dry Matter

The study concerned an evergreen herbal plant <i>Waldsteinia trifolia</i> Roch. This species can be found more and more often in garden plantings in Poland. The aim of the study was to estimate the content of photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanins and dry matter as well as the permeability of cytoplasmatic membranes of <i>Waldsteinia</i> leaves. Plants grew in an ornamental plant collection at the premises of the Faculty of Horticulture of the Agricultural University in Kraków. The study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 in the following months: March, May, June, September, October and November. The permeability of cytoplasmatic membranes was estimated based on electrolyte leakage from leaf discs at 20°C in relation to total electrolytes in the tissue after unfreezing. The first days with temperature drops down to around 0°C in autumn resulted in a decrease in chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content, but significantly increased anthocyanin content. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b and the ratio of total chlorophylls to carotenoids did not change in particular months. In both years of study, similar changes in dry matter content of the <i>Waldsteinia</i> leaves were observed. Dry matter content significantly increased in June and November and decreased in May and October. In June and in autumn, after first slight frosts, an increase of electrolyte leakage from the leaf discs was observed. However, high dry matter content (40.3%) was accompanied by lower permeability of the cytoplasmatic membranes of the leaves after winter during March. These results have shown good adaptation of <i>Waldsteinia trifolia</i> plants to the climatic conditions in Poland.

scholarly journals The effect of quality of food source on macadamia nut damage by Gymnandrosoma aurantianum (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Blanco-Metzler ◽  
Allan D. Watt ◽  
Derek Cosens
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Macadamia Nuts ◽  
Tolerant Clones

The effect of nitrogen content, the secondary compounds (tannin and proanthocyanidin) content, the dry matter content of 4 clones, and the different developmental stages of macadamia nuts, on the abundance of Gymnandrosoma aurantianum, was studied. Nitrogen content differed between clones and the stages of development of the nuts, being highest in the most tolerant clones 508>660>344>246. Highest dry matter contents were found in the tolerant clones, 508 and 660, and in the outer layer, than in the susceptible clones 246 and 344 and in the inner layers (2 and 3). Proanthocyanidin content was highest in layer 2 of clones 508 and 660 than in clones 246 and 344. Results show that food quality affects the performance of nutborer larvae, where the larvae have to overcome first a physical barrier, followed by a chemical barrier, to be able to feed on macadamia nuts.

scholarly journals Effects of different fertilization practices on the growth, yield and dry matter content of carrot

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Aino-Maija Evers
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

The effects of different fertilization practices on the carrot root and shoot dry weights, yield, dry matter contents and root/shoot ratio were studied in field experiments. Unirrigated and irrigated placement and broadcast fertilization, fertirrigations without basic fertilization, fertirrigations with basic fertilization, and PK placement with N fertirrigations were compared. In addition, split application was compared to single application of nutrients. The soil nutrient levels were studied by soil analysis. The carrot root and shoot samples were collected three times during the growing period. Cv. Nantes Duke Notabene 370 was grown. The carrot shoots reached their maximum weight already by three months, whereas roots grew slowly during the first two months but grew considerably during both the third and fourth month. The root and shoot dry weights were positively correlated at all sampling dates in both years ( r ≥0.77***), The big photosynthetizing apparatus caused the production of high root yield. The placement fertilization of granular NPK fertilizer increased the yield as compared to broadcast of granular NPK fertilizer (p = 0.009**). The yield was also increased by the placement of P and K as compared to treatments without placement fertilization of P and K (p = 0.03*). There was no difference in yields between single application and split application. Irrigation decreased the yield in 1985 (p = 0.03*). In 1986the yield was significantly higher than in 1985 (p = 0.000***). At harvest the fertilization did not affect the dry matter content of carrot roots when compared with unfertilized treatments. The difference in dry matter content was greater between years (p = 0.000***) than between fertilization practices (p = 0.05*). The treatment PK placement with N fertirrigations yielded carrots with a higher dry matter content than did the NPK fertirrigations treatments. Besides the fertilization experiment samples from two organically cultivated fields were collected to obtain data concerning organically cultivated carrots and soils.

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