scholarly journals Epithelial gastric polyps

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Monika Wdowiak ◽  
Bartosz Kabała ◽  
Bartłomiej Olak ◽  
Bartosz Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyps ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Gastric Polyps ◽  
Fundic Gland Polyps ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss ◽  
Polyposis Syndromes

Gastric polyps are lesions projected above the mucosal surface, which are detected in approximately 1–6% of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. Based to their shape, polyps are classified as pedunculate, semi-pedunculate, sessile and flat. Depending on the histopathological type, some of them have the potential to transform into adenocarcinoma. Polyps can be of epithelial and non-epithelial origin. The first group, which is discussed in greater detail in this paper, includes fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic, adenomatous and hamartomatous polyps. Non-epithelial polyps include stromal tumours, leiomyomas, fibrous inflammatory polyps, fibroids, fibromyomas, lipomas, ectopic pancreas, neuroendocrine tumours, neuromas, and some vascular lesions. Multiple polyps in patients under the age of 40 years require more extensive diagnosis for hereditary polyposis syndromes, which are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer, as well as other gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal malignancies. In recent years, there has been a clear decrease in the proportion of hyperplastic polyps and an increase in the proportion of fundic gland polyps among all gastric polyps, which is probably related to the increased use of proton pump inhibitors and a reduced incidence of Helicobacter pylori infections. About 90% of gastric polyps are detected accidentally and usually do not cause clinical symptoms, but large polyps may be responsible for anaemia, bloody stools, abdominal pain, and even pyloric obstruction, which may be manifested by vomiting, severe flatulence, lack of appetite or progressive weight loss.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastric polypoid lesions in a single endoscopic centre

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (20) ◽  
pp. 770-774
Author(s):  
Ágnes Anna Csontos ◽  
Bálint Fekete ◽  
Katalin Lőrinczy ◽  
Orsolya Terjék ◽  
Lajos Berczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Hyperplastic Polyps ◽  
Gastric Polyps ◽  
Fundic Gland Polyps ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: The prevalence of gastric polyps is unknown in Hungary. Aim: The aim of the authors was to assess the prevalence of polypoid lesions of the stomach in the endoscopic centre of the 2nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University. Methods: Results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopies carried out between March 2010 and June 2011 were analysed. Results: 193 cases with polyps were diagnosed in 4174 endoscopies (4.62%). Hyperplastic polyps, fundic gland polyps and malignant lesion were detected in 33.67%, 31.09% and 2.07% of the cases, respectively. Proton pump inhibitor use was more frequent among patients diagnosed with fundus gland polyps (p = 0.007), while hyperplastic polyps were diagnosed more frequently in patients with chronic gastritis (p = 0.032). Conclusions: The frequency of gastric polyps was higher than expected from data published in the literature. Long-term proton pump-inhibitor use and chronic gastritis were associated with fundus gland and hyperplastic polyps, respectively. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 770–774.

scholarly journals AGREEMENT BETWEEN DIFFERENT PATHOLOGISTS IN HISTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF 128 GASTRIC POLYPS

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Henrique Brito BARBOSA ◽  
Geraldo Cezário de LÁZARO FILHO ◽  
Luciano Monteiro FRANCO ◽  
José Telmo VALENÇA JUNIOR ◽  
Miguel Ângelo NOBRE E SOUZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Digestive Endoscopy ◽  
Hyperplastic Polyps ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Gastric Polyps ◽  
Fundic Gland Polyps ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND - Gastric polyps are elevated mucosal lesions. Most of them are less than 1 cm and when larger than 2 cm, has a high malignancy probability. The histopathological types are mainly fundic gland polyps, hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps. OBJECTIVE - To evaluate the agreement between three different pathologists in the histopathological diagnosis of 128 biopsied gastric polyps in Digestive Endoscopy Unit from Walter Cantídeo University Hospital, between May 2010 to May 2012. METHODS - To describe the intensity of agreement between observers, we use kappa index that is based on the number of concordant measures between them. RESULTS - There was substantial agreement in the diagnosis of adenoma (kappa=0.799, CI: 0.899-0.698) and fundic glands (kappa=0.655, CI: 0.755-0.555). Regarding to hyperplastic polyps (kappa=0.415, CI: 0.515-0.315) and inflammatory (kappa=0.401, CI: 0.501-0.301), we obtained a moderate agreement. Regarding the presence of Helicobacter pylori in biopsy of the polyp, there was a low agreement (kappa=0.219, CI: 0.319-0.119). CONCLUSION - It is clear that the agreement between pathologists depends on the histological type of the biopsied polyp and this agreement is more substantial in adenoma, or fundic gland polyps.

scholarly journals Gastric polyps: a retrospective analysis of 26,000 digestive endoscopies

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drausio Jefferson Morais ◽  
Ademar Yamanaka ◽  
José Murilo Robilotta Zeitune ◽  
Nelson Adami Andreollo
Keyword(s):  
Hyperplastic Polyp ◽  
Gastric Polyp ◽  
Adenomatous Polyps ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Digestive Endoscopy ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Hyperplastic Polyps ◽  
Gastric Polyps ◽  
Fundic Gland Polyps ◽  
Upper Digestive Endoscopy

BACKGROUND: Gastric polyps are small gastric lesions, asymptomatic in most cases and are generally discovered inadvertently during upper digestive endoscopy. AIM: To retrospectively review the characteristics and frequency of gastric polyps, derived from the gastric mucosal epithelium in a large series of endoscopies. METHODS: One hundred and fifty three patients in a series of 26,000 consecutive upper digestive endoscopies done over a 5-year period, being that each patient had only one examination were analyzed and their histological and Yamada classification, as well as their location, size, histopathological findings and treatment studied. All patients had at least one gastric polyp, as confirmed by histological examination. RESULTS: The polyps were classified as hyperplastic, adenomatous and fundic gland polyps. The most of them measure less than 1 cm (hyperplastic polyps - 60,5%; adenomatous polyps - 73,6%; fundic gland polyps - 72%). Hyperplastic polyps were the most frequent and accounted for 71.3% of the cases, whereas fundic gland polyps accounted for 16.3% and adenomatous polyps for 12.4%. Hyperplastic and adenomatous polyps were primarily single, whereas fundic gland polyps tended to be multiple. A carcinoma was detected in one hyperplastic polyp (0.9%) and in two adenomatous polyps (10.5%). High grade dysplastic foci were found in four adenomatous polyps (21%). CONCLUSIONS: The digestive endoscopy is the safest and efficient method for the diagnosis of the gastric polyps, that in most of the patients does not show characteristic symptoms. The histopathological definition is not possible to the endoscopic glance being needed the pathologist's aid, once the conduct to be adopted will depend on the result of the biopsy.

scholarly journals Gastritis, Gastric Polyps and Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6548
Author(s):  
Helge Waldum ◽  
Reidar Fossmark
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Gastric Polyps ◽  
Ecl Cell ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Degree Of Malignancy ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer is still an important disease causing many deaths worldwide, although there has been a marked reduction in prevalence during the last few decades. The decline in gastric cancer prevalence is due to a reduction in Helicobacter pylori infection which has occurred for at least 50 years. The most probable mechanism for the carcinogenic effect of H. pylori is hypergastrinemia since H. pylori infected individuals do not have increased risk of gastric cancer before the development of oxyntic atrophy. When atrophy has developed, the carcinogenic process continues independent of H. pylori. Autoimmune gastritis also induces oxyntic atrophy leading to marked hypergastrinemia and development of ECL cell neoplasia as well as adenocarcinoma. Similarly, long-term treatment with efficient inhibitors of acid secretion like the proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) predisposes to ECL cell neoplasia of a different degree of malignancy. Contrasting the colon where most cancers develop from polyps, most polyps in the stomach have a low malignant potential. Nevertheless, gastric polyps may also give rise to cancer and have some risk factors and mechanisms in common with gastric cancer. In this overview the most common gastric polyps, i.e., hyperplastic polyps, adenomatous polyps and fundic gland polyps will be discussed with respect to etiology and particularly use of PPIs and relation to gastric carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes: Management and Surveillance Strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Sedighi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Jokar ◽  
Maliheh Moradzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Process Management ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cowden Syndrome ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyps ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes ◽  
Polyposis Syndromes ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyposis ◽  
Peutz Jeghers Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Awareness

Introduction: Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes (HPS) are a rare group of dominant autosomal inheritance, which is characterized by the development of hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. This syndrome included Juvenile Polyposis syndrome (JPS), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), and PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome (PHTS). PTEN Hamartoma Tumour Syndrome (PHTS) itself includes Cowden Syndrome, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome (BRRS), and Proteus Syndrome.Diagnosis of Hamartum polyarthritis syndrome (HPS) is routinely made based on clinical criteria, but sometimes the diagnosis of this syndrome becomes problematic due to the varying severity of clinical symptoms even within a family.Therefore, today, genetic testing of germ-related mutations associated with this disease is used in the diagnosis process. Management strategy of the syndrome is different due to extra-intestinal symptoms and various cancers. Clinical awareness and early diagnosis of HPS is important, so it is recommended to patients and families at risk for genetic counseling and care. Surveillance in children with HPS might prevent intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders, and reduce the risk of intestinal cancer or breast cancer in adults.

Gastric cancer and paraneoplastic dermatomyositis as complications of an unrecognized juvenile polyposis syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (04) ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Moritz Schiemer ◽  
Annette Schmitt-Graeff ◽  
Volker Brass ◽  
Peter Hasselblatt
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Juvenile Polyposis ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Disorder ◽  
Polyposis Syndrome ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyps ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractJuvenile polyposis syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. It is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer. We report the case of a 49-year-old woman presenting with proximal muscle weakness, weight loss, severe anemia, and melena. One year before, the diagnosis of a “fundic gland polyposis” was presumed after endoscopic evaluation for iron deficiency anemia had shown numerous polyps limited to the gastric mucosa. On admission, the diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made based on laboratory results with a marked elevated creatine kinase as well as the presence of characteristic clinical findings and muscle histology. Upper endoscopy revealed multiple pedunculated, edematous polyps in the stomach without apparent cancerous lesions intraluminally. Infiltration of the muscular layer was not detectable on endoscopic ultrasound. Histopathological examination of the polyps showed smooth outer surfaces and multiple dilated cystic glands, consistent with hamartomatous juvenile-type polyps. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a peritoneal mass close to the greater curvature of the stomach, which was identified as a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma by laparoscopic sampling. Immunohistochemical analysis of resected polyps was remarkable for a loss of SMAD4 expression, a finding that is very commonly observed in patients with gastric juvenile polyposis syndrome. Despite initial treatment response to glucocorticoids and chemotherapy, the patient died 5 months later due to progressive illness. Patients with gastric juvenile polyposis and SMAD4 mutations are at a high risk of developing gastric cancer; hence, early gastrectomy should be considered.

Increased risk of fundic gland polyps during long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. JALVING ◽  
J. J. KOORNSTRA ◽  
J. WESSELING ◽  
H. M. BOEZEN ◽  
S. DE JONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Fundic Gland ◽  
Fundic Gland Polyps ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Peutz-Jeghars’ syndrome, a rare genetic disorder: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabia Hannan Mone ◽  
Kuntal Roy ◽  
Gazi Zahirul Hasan, ◽  
Kaushik Roy ◽  
Qazi Sazib Ahamed, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyps ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes ◽  
Mucocutaneous Pigmentation ◽  
Dominant Disease ◽  
Polyposis Syndromes ◽  
Peutz Jeghers Syndrome

Abstract: Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes or Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a hereditary autosomal dominant disease characterized by benign hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation in the digestive tract. It occurs mostly in the small intestine during first decade of life but frequently in the colon and stomach. Only a few cases have been reported in the duodenum1. Polyposis syndromes are common cause of adult intussusceptions, with polyps acting as lead points. Adult intussusceptions are rare and is almost always associated with that lead point2. Although hamartomatous polyps are not pre-malignant, there is an increased risk of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal malignancy, commonly involving the small bowel. Most patients of PJS presents with acute abdomen and diagnosed as intussusceptions, commonly entero-enteric type but colo-colic intussusceptions are rare in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome3. To the best of our knowledge, synchronous colo-colic intussusception association in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome has not been previously reported.

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