scholarly journals Analysis of chitosan treatment on white and black sweet cherry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Zsivanovits ◽  
Dida Iserliyska ◽  
Maria Momchilova ◽  
Petya Sabeva ◽  
Zarya Rankova
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Confectionery Products ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Microbiological Properties

AbstractBicolor (Rosaline) and black (Regina) sweet cherry cultivars were treated with chitosan-Ca-lactate and chitosan-alginate solutions. The chitosan coating is biocompatible, nontoxic and possesses antimicrobial activity. The sample series (five replicates of thirty pieces from each variety and each treatment, and a control) were refrigerated at 4 °C for 21 and 28 d, to the end of shelf-life. Physical (visual sorting, weight loss and texture of intact fruit), physicochemical (TSS, antioxidant activity, and pH of the pulp), and microbiological properties (total number of microorganisms, Escherichia coli, fungi and yeasts) were investigated weekly. For the last week only the Regina cultivar had acceptable appearance, the other cultivar was discarded after 21 d. The chitosan-alginate treatment preserved the texture, showed smaller weight loss, higher antioxidant preservation and smaller microbial contamination than the samples with chitosan-Ca-lactate on both cultivars. Based on the results, the edible coating can help to preserve the nutritional value of fresh fruit and this technology can be useful in preparing the ready-to-eat fruit salads or in decoration of confectionery products.

scholarly journals POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF SWEET CHERRY FRUITS AS AFFECTED BY BIOREGULATORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Kalajdžić ◽  
Biserka Milić ◽  
Mladen Petreš ◽  
Aleksandra Stankov ◽  
Mila Grahovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

During the cold storage of sweet cherry, severe losses can occur due to the water loss, phytopathogenic fungi and physiological disorders. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of treatments with NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid), BA (6-benzyladenine), and GA3 (gibberellic acid) on fruit quality at harvest and after 21 days of storage under two regimes, including 0°C, RH (relative humidity) 90% and 3°C, RH 70%, and after additional shelf life exposure. Sweet cherry cultivars – ‘Summit’, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ – were treated with bioregulators at the end of flowering. NAA significantly increased the fruit weight at harvest compared to the control in all cultivars assessed. BA stimulated the fruit growth in ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’, while it was ineffective in ‘Summit’. GA3 caused significant increase in fruit weight by 8.3% in ‘Kordia’ only. Moreover, BA and GA3 induced a higher firmness of fruits at harvest. Weight loss of fruits during storage at 0°C, RH 90%, was increased with NAA and reduced with GA3 in ‘Regina’ only. BA and GA3 reduced the weight loss of sweet cherry fruits stored at 3°C, RH 70%. Bioregulator treatments increased TA (titratable acidity) in fruits at harvest, while the effects on TA during storage were variable depending on the cultivar. ‘Summit’ had the highest sensitivity to storage fruit rot. BA and GA3 decreased the disease occurrence on fruits stored at 0°C in ‘Summit’ and ‘Kordia’.

scholarly journals Novel practice to produce safe and healthy dry fish using irradiated chitosan coating

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
M.L. Rahman ◽  
R. Barua ◽  
A.A. Jubayer ◽  
J.M.M. Islam ◽  
A.H.M. Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Chitosan Coating

In Bangladesh, dry fishes are mostly produced by drying in an open environment under sunlight, and so the producers are forced to use insecticides and fungicides to prevent microbial and blowfly infestation. That is why dry fishes are often contaminated with residual insecticides and fungicides, which cause a severe threat to human health. In this experiment, gamma radiation treated chitosan solution was used while drying the fishes, and the effect was evaluated. Experimental results suggested that chitosan coating did not hinder the drying process but improved the quality of the produces. Chitosan coating was found as a repellant of blowflies as well. Besides, it also prevented microbial contamination. The nutritional value of the produced dry fishes was examined and found very satisfactory. Overall results suggested that the application of irradiated chitosan can be a very suitable and cost-effective way to produce safe and healthy dry fishes.

Vulnerability of sweet cherry cultivars to continuous periods of spring frosts in Plovdiv, Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
S. Malchev ◽  
S. Savchovska
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group Form ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Abstract. The periods with continuous freezing air temperatures reported during the spring of 2020 (13 incidents) affected a wide range of local and introduced sweet cherry cultivars in the region of Plovdiv. They vary from -0.6°C on March 02 to -4.9°C on March 16-17. The duration of influence of the lowest temperatures is 6 and 12 hours between March 16 and 17. The inspection of fruit buds and flowers was conducted twice (on March 26 and April 08) at different phenological stages after continuous waves of cold weather conditions alternated with high temperatures. During the phenological phase ‘bud burst’ (tight cluster or BBCH 55) some of the flowers in the buds did not develop further making the damage hardly detectable. The most damaged are hybrid El.28-21 (95.00%), ‘Van’ (91.89%) and ‘Bing’ (89.41%) and from the next group ‘Lapins’ (85.98%) and ‘Rosita’ (83.33%). A larger intermediate group form ‘Kossara’ (81.67%), ‘Rozalina’ (76.00%), ‘Sunburst’ (75.00%), ‘Bigarreau Burlat’ (69.11%) and ‘Kuklenska belitza’ (66.67%). Candidate-cultivar El.17-90 ‘Asparuh’ has the lowest frost damage values of 55.00% and El.17-37 ‘Tzvetina’ with damage of 50.60%.

scholarly journals Multi-year analyses on three populations reveal the first stable QTLs for tolerance to rain-induced fruit cracking in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Quero-García ◽  
Philippe Letourmy ◽  
José Antonio Campoy ◽  
Camille Branchereau ◽  
Svetoslav Malchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

AbstractRain-induced fruit cracking is a major problem in sweet cherry cultivation. Basic research has been conducted to disentangle the physiological and mechanistic bases of this complex phenomenon, whereas genetic studies have lagged behind. The objective of this work was to disentangle the genetic determinism of rain-induced fruit cracking. We hypothesized that a large genetic variation would be revealed, by visual field observations conducted on mapping populations derived from well-contrasted cultivars for cracking tolerance. Three populations were evaluated over 7–8 years by estimating the proportion of cracked fruits for each genotype at maturity, at three different areas of the sweet cherry fruit: pistillar end, stem end, and fruit side. An original approach was adopted to integrate, within simple linear models, covariates potentially related to cracking, such as rainfall accumulation before harvest, fruit weight, and firmness. We found the first stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for cherry fruit cracking, explaining percentages of phenotypic variance above 20%, for each of these three types of cracking tolerance, in different linkage groups, confirming the high complexity of this trait. For these and other QTLs, further analyses suggested the existence of at least two-linked QTLs in each linkage group, some of which showed confidence intervals close to 5 cM. These promising results open the possibility of developing marker-assisted selection strategies to select cracking-tolerant sweet cherry cultivars. Further studies are needed to confirm the stability of the reported QTLs over different genetic backgrounds and environments and to narrow down the QTL confidence intervals, allowing the exploration of underlying candidate genes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nutritional value and microbiological safety in commercial dog food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kazimierska ◽  
Wioletta Biel ◽  
Robert Witkowicz ◽  
Jolanta Karakulska ◽  
Xymena Stachurska
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Pet Food ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Dog Food ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Dry Food

AbstractIn addition to properly balancing nutritional value in accordance with the needs of a dog, estimating the microbiological quality of dog food is crucial in providing healthy and safe foods. The aim of this study was to examine the quality of dry food for adult dogs, with particular reference to: (1) evaluating the nutritional value and compliance with nutritional guidelines for dogs, (2) comparing the nutritional value of dog foods, with particular emphasis on the division into cereal and cereal-free foods, and (3) evaluating their microbiological safety. All thirty-six evaluated dry dog foods met the minimum European Pet Food Industry FEDIAF requirement for total protein and fat content. The total aerobic microbial count in the analyzed dry dog foods ranged from 2.7 × 102 to above 3.0 × 107 cfu/g. In five (14%) dog foods the presence of staphylococci was detected; however, coagulase positive Staphylococcus (CPS) was not found. Mold presence was reported in one cereal-free dog food and in six cereal foods. In none of the analyzed foods Enterobacteriaceae were found, including coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Bacteria of the genus Listeria and Clostridium as well as yeasts were also not detected. In conclusion, the evaluated dry dog foods had varied microbiological quality. The detected number of microorganisms may have some implications for long-term consumption of contaminated food. The lack of European Commission standards regarding the permissible amounts of microorganisms in pet food may result in insufficient quality control of these products.

scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of rootstock effects on cropping and tree parameters of selected sweet cherry cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Jitka Blažková ◽  
František Paprštein ◽  
Lubor Zelený ◽  
Adéla Skřivanová ◽  
Pavol Suran
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Tree Characteristics ◽  
Gisela 5

The cropping of six sweet cherry cultivars that originated in the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology at Holovousy, and a standard one, ‘Burlat’, were evaluated on three rootstocks in the period of 2007–2017. Trees planted in a spacing of 1.5 m × 5.0 m were trained as tall spindle axes utilising their natural tendency to develop a central leader. On the standard rootstock, P-TU-2, ‘Tim’ was the most productive with a mean total harvest of 47.6 kg per tree. ‘Sandra’ yielded the most on the PHLC rootstock with 56.2 kg per tree and ‘Helga’ yielded the most on Gisela 5 with a mean total harvest of 55.9 kg per tree. The mean impact of the rootstock on the tree vigour, measured upon the trunk cross section area, ranged from 148.4 cm2 on the standard rootstock P-TU-2 to 114.1 cm2 on the PHLC and 125.2 cm2 on Gisela 5 . On the standard rootstock P-TU-2, the most vigorous one according to this criterion was ‘Jacinta’ (178.0 cm2) whereas ‘Justyna’ (109.7 cm2) was the least vigorous. On the PHLC, the most vigorous was ‘Sandra’ (147.2 cm2) and the least was ‘Amid’ (94.0 cm2). The other tree characteristics were mainly dependant on the cultivar and minimally, or not at all, influenced by the rootstock vigour.

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