scholarly journals Research underpinning the design of an optical sorting plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Győrfi ◽  
Csaba Leitol
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Waste Stream ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Optical Sorting ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Composition Properties ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract In the sorting plant examined during the research, the sorting of the selectively collected mixed packaging waste is done by hand. Studies were performed on the quantitative changes of the waste stream entering and leaving the sorting plant, the composition properties according to the particle size, and lastly the number of pickings. The amount of incoming waste has increased linearly over the years. The sizes preferred by the optical separators were the guideline during the measurements. Sixty percentage of all incoming waste falls in the ideal range of 70–350 mm, 20% in the range of <70 mm and 20% in the range of >350 mm. Because there are significant differences in composition and quantities as the seasons and months alternate, these results provide important information for engineers designing a mechanized technology.

Effect of Microwave with Ultrasonic on the Morphology and Particle Size of (Y,Eu)2 O3 Precursor

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3981-3984
Author(s):  
Qing Yun Zeng ◽  
Qing Qing Chang ◽  
Xin Yu Ye
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
The One ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Ideal

The (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor prepared by microwave with ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation is superior to the one prepared by co-precipitation of conventional approach as well as co-precipitation assisted by microwave. The effect of preparation conditions on the morphology and particle size of (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor was completely investigated in this study. The ideal conditions were optimized as 0.25M Ln3+ ions concentration, 80°C reaction temperature, 90 minutes reaction time and 0 minute ageing time. Consequently, the (Y,Eu)2O3 precursor in the needle-like shape with average size of 0.25μm in diameter was obtained. The possible mechanism was also presented.

Depositional processes of reworked tephra from the Late Pleistocene Youngest Toba Tuff deposits in the Lenggong Valley, Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Gatti ◽  
Mokhtar Saidin ◽  
Khairunnisa Talib ◽  
NurAsikin Rashidi ◽  
Philip Gibbard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Particle Size Distributions ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Rapid Accumulation ◽  
Flood Flow ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractTwo fundamental issues for tephrostratigraphic work are the differentiation of primary from reworked tephra and the characterization of reworking mechanisms. We study the depositional processes of four deposits of Youngest Toba Tuff in the Lenggong valley, Malaysia. We focus on site stratigraphy, particle-size distributions, magnetic susceptibility and mineralogical associations. Reworked tephra display variable sedimentological characteristics including polymodal and unimodal, very fine to coarse-grained distributions, and variable concentrations of ash. Particle-size distributions from this study are similar to published analyses for primary deposits, demonstrating that particle size alone cannot distinguish primary from secondary tephra. The tephra sequences are associated with fluvial and colluvial deposition. Three facies are identified: flood flow, mudflow and slumping. The ash accumulated rapidly, over a period of a few days to months. In this valley the ideal site for paleoenvironmental reconstructions is Kampung Luat 3, where ash accumulated at least in two distinct phases. Despite the rapid accumulation, the Lenggong sites are not well-suited for paleoenvironmental studies of the YTT impact. The time lag between the primary deposition and the floods is unknown and the records could have been modified by site-specific characteristics. Such variables should be considered when proposing paleo-environmental reconstructions based on reworked tephra.

COAGULATION AND SURFACE LOSSES IN DISPERSE SYSTEMS IN STILL AND TURBULENT AIR

1947 ◽  
Vol 25b (5) ◽  
pp. 455-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Langstroth ◽  
T. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Disperse Systems ◽  
Air Motion ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Smoke Chamber ◽  
Analytical Separation ◽  
The Ideal

Smoke chamber studies have been made of the ageing of ammonium chloride smokes under various controlled degrees of turbulent air motion as well as in still air. The changes in mass concentration and particle number were followed for 5.5 hr. under each set of conditions, and some data on particle size distribution were obtained. The logarithm of the mass concentration was found to vary linearly with time under all conditions. None of the particle number data lent themselves to interpretation on the basis adopted by previous workers. They were described quantitatively by equations developed from general postulates which take into account loss to various surfaces. The equations permitted analytical separation of coagulation and surface effects, and the constant descriptive of the latter was closely related to that associated with mass loss. The coagulation constant for still air was found to be only slightly greater than the ideal Smoluchowski value. A description was obtained of the manner in which the various constants increased with the degree of air motion.

Adsorption Behaviors of Oxytetracycline on Synthetic Resins

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Qiao Wang ◽  
Xiao Han Liu ◽  
Liu Yan Wu ◽  
Ai Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Equilibrium Time ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
Synthetic Resins ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
The Ideal

Three commercial resins (NDA150, NDA88 and NDA77) with different physicochemical properties were selected to investigate the adsorption behavior and primary factors controlling the adsorption of oxytetracycline (OTC) onto the resins. The adsorption kinetics of OTC onto all resins were fitted well to pseudo-second-order model. NDA150 had the largest adsorption capacity due to its higher surface area and larger total pore volume. Moreover, all of the three resins exhibited nearly the same equilibrium time because of their nearly the same particle size. The suitable pH for the effective adsorption of NDA150 and NDA77 is from 4 to 7, while the ideal pH for NDA88 is 10. OTC adsorption on all of the three resins increased with the increasing ionic concentration.

scholarly journals Formulation and evaluation of phenylephrine and amikacin nanoemulsion

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6368-6374
Author(s):  
Mohamed Akram A ◽  
Mukilan R ◽  
Mukesh K ◽  
Umadevi S
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ethyl Oleate ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Transmission Studies ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

The central perspective of this study is to formulate phenylephrine, and Amikacin loaded nanoemulsion by designing a pseudo ternary phase method. Selection of oils (castor oil, captex 200, ethyl oleate, triacetin) was made on the bases of the solubility studies. Captex 200 was chosen as the ideal oil phase for the formulation of emulsion due to its high solubility of both the drugs 1e., 106.54±3.84 mg/ml and 116.32±2.72mg/ml. The formulated Nanoemuslion was evaluated for thermodynamic stability, phase separation, transmission studies, percentage drug content, zeta potential(mV), Polydispersity index (PI) and particle size(nm). Among nine formulations of nanoemulsion, S6 formulation shows better and desired results like 95.27 ± 1.66% of drug content; 154.7nm of Particle size; 0.264 of PI and -44.5mV of zeta potential. Form the data. It was concluded that the reduction in particle size of S6 nanoemulsion might play a significant role in the enhancement of bioavailability of phenylephrine and Amikacin.

scholarly journals Porosity of CHA Zeolite Driving the Formation of Polyaromatic Coke Species in the Methanol to Olefins Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Florindo ◽  
Gabriel Catuzo ◽  
Leandro Martins
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Induction Period ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Polymerization Degree ◽  
Hydrocarbon Pool ◽  
Mto Reaction ◽  
Volume Porosity ◽  
The Ideal

The pore size of the chabazite structure is exceptionally suitable for the methanol to olefins (MTO) reaction. The reaction has an induction period required for the formation of a hydrocarbon pool (HP), usually composed of aromatic compounds of different sizes. HP is alkylated by methanol and afterward cracked, leading to the formation of olefins. Despite the importance of HP, its formation and growth in size are exceedingly dependent on the porosity of the catalyst. The ideal is that the formed HP remains stable throughout the reaction because the growth in its size causes blockage of the small catalyst pores, decreasing its capacity. Herein we studied chabazite zeolites with different porosity and structure, caused by variation in the particle size and pores’ volume. Porosity influenced the formation of HP species in quantity (as revealed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)) and polymerization degree (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis) and, consequently, the MTO reaction’s performance.

Localization of Intracellular Antigens in thin Sections with Ferritin Labeled Antibody

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
M.S. Shahrabadi ◽  
T. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Conjugate Prior ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
Intracellular Antigen ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Ideal Method ◽  
The Ideal

The technique of labeling of macromolecules with ferritin conjugated antibody has been successfully used for extracellular antigen by means of staining the specimen with conjugate prior to fixation and embedding. However, the ideal method to determine the location of intracellular antigen would be to do the antigen-antibody reaction in thin sections. This technique contains inherent problems such as the destruction of antigenic determinants during fixation or embedding and the non-specific attachment of conjugate to the embedding media. Certain embedding media such as polyampholytes (2) or cross-linked bovine serum albumin (3) have been introduced to overcome some of these problems.

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