Effect of sowing date and N fertilisation on the yield and yield stability of maize ( Zea mays L.) hybrids in a long-term experiment

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Berzsenyi ◽  
Q. Dang
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Yields ◽  
N Rates

The effect of sowing date, N fertilisation and genotype on the grain yield and yield stability of maize was studied between 1991 and 2006 in a long-term N fertilisation experiment set up on chernozem soil in Martonvásár, Hungary. The N treatments (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha −1 ) represented the main plot of the three-factor, split-split-plot experiment, with the sowing date (early, optimum, late, very late) in the sub-plots and hybrids from different maturity groups in the sub-sub-plots. The highest yields were obtained for the early and optimum sowing dates (8.712 and 8.706 t ha −1 ). Compared with the optimum sowing date, a delay of ten or twenty days led to yield losses of 5% and 12.5%, respectively. In the late and very late sowings and in years with unfavourable weather conditions, yield increments were only observed up to an N rate of 60 kg ha −1 , while in the early and optimum sowings and in favourable years yield increments were significant up to 120 kg ha −1 N. Yield stability was smallest in the early and very late sowings, in the control and for high N rates, and in the early and late maturity hybrids. It can be concluded that high yields and yield stability are not mutually exclusive.

scholarly journals The effect of sowing date and plant density on the yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under different weather conditions

2018 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Ákos Tótin ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University

Maize has high productivity and produces huge vegetative and generative phytomass, but this crop is very sensitive to agroecological (mainly to climatic, partly to pedological conditions) and agrotechnical circumstances. In Hungary, maize is grown on 1.1–1.2 million hectares, the national average yields vary between 4–7 t ha-1 depending on the year and the intensity of production technology. The longterm experiment was set up in 2015–2016 on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság (eastern Hungary). The maize research was set up on chernozem soil at the Látókép MÉK (Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management) research area of the University of Debrecen. We examined the following commonly used hybrids of Hungary: SY ARIOSO (FAO 300), P9074 (FAO 310), P9486 (FAO 360), SY Octavius (FAO 400), GK Kenéz (FAO 410), DKC 4943 (FAO 410). The experiment was set up in three different plant densities. These were 60, 76, 90 thousand plant ha-1. The experiment was set up with three different sowing dates, early, average and late sowing. The yield was measured using a special plot harvester (Sampo Rosenlew 2010), measuring the weight of the harvested plot and also taking a sample from it. As a next step, we calculated the yield (t ha-1) of each plot at 14% of moisture content to compare them to each other. We evaluated the obtained data using Microsoft Excel 2015.

Long-term effect of crop production factors on the yield and yield stability of maize (zea mays L.) in different years

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Berzsenyi ◽  
T. Árendás ◽  
P. Bónis ◽  
G. Micskei ◽  
E. Sugár
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Optimum N Rate

The effects of five crop production factors (tillage, fertilisation, plant density, variety, weed control) on the yield and yield stability of maize were examined in Martonvásár (HU) in a polyfactorial experiment and in separate long-term experiments on the effects of Nfertilisation, sowing date and plant density. In the polyfactorial experiment the five crop production factors contributed to the increase in maize yield in the following ratios (%): fertilisation 30.6, variety 32.6, plant density 20.2, weed control 14.2, soil cultivation 2.4. In the N fertilisation, sowing date and plant density experiments the effects of the treatments on the maize yield were examined separately for dry and wet years.Averaged over 40 years, the yields in the long-term N fertilisation experiment were 2.422 t ha−1 lower in the dry years than in the wet years (5.170 vs. 7.592 t ha−1). The optimum N rate was 160 kg ha−1. In the sowing date experiment the yield was 2.533 t ha−1 lower in the dry years than in the wet years (6.54 vs. 9.093 t ha−1), averaged over 19 years. In dry years the yield was highest for the early and optimum sowing dates, and in wet years for the optimum sowing date. Sowing at dates other than the optimum caused reductions in N fertiliser efficiency. Averaged over 22 years, the optimum plant density was 80,000 plants ha−1 in wet years and 50,000 plants ha−1 in dry years. The yield was most stable at a plant density of 60,000 plants ha−1. The clarification of year effects is particularly important in relation to the possible effects of climate change.

scholarly journals Effect of N, P and K fertilisers and their interactions in a long-term experiment on winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2016 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Szilvia Surányi ◽  
Zoltán Izsáki
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
N Rates

The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of K, P and N supplies on the yield of winter barley in a long-term mineral fertilisation experiment with clearly distinct soil nutrient supply levels in order to develop fertilisation guidelines for winter barley growers. The experiment was set up in 1989 on a chernozem meadow soil calcareous in the deeper layers, applying all possible combinations of 4 levels each of N, P and K fertiliser, giving a total of 64 treatments. The results of analyses performed in 2011 and 2012 can be summarised as follows: In 2011, when rainfall supplies were deficient in the shooting phase, improved K supplies (324 mg kg-1 AL-K2O) increased the grain yield, but in 2012, when rainfall supplies were more evenly distributed, K supply levels in the range 210–335 mg kg-1 AL-K2O had no significant influence on the yield of winter barley. An analysis of the P treatments revealed that, compared to the 119–133 mg kg-1 AL-P2O5 level (P0), better P supplies (186–251 mg kg-1) led to a significant increase in the grain yield. In both years rising N rates significantly increased the yield up to an annual N rate of 160 kg ha-1.       4. A K×N interaction could only be detected in the nutrient supplies of winter barley in 2011. The yield-increasing effect of N fertiliser was more    pronounced at better K supply levels, while K fertiliser led to higher yields in the case of better N supplies.

scholarly journals Influence of Previous Crop on Durum Wheat Yield and Yield Stability in a Long-term Experiment

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Stelluti ◽  
Angelo Caliandro ◽  
Anna Maria Stellacci
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment

scholarly journals Agronomic research in Martonvásár, aimed at promoting the efficiency of field crop production

2012 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Tamás Árendás ◽  
Zoltán Berzsenyi ◽  
Péter Bónis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Experiment

The effect of crop production factors on the grain yield was analysed on the basis of three-factorial experiments laid out in a split-split-plot design. In the case of maize the studies were made as part of a long-term experiment set up in 1980 on chernozem soil with forest residues, well supplied with N and very well with PK. The effects of five N levels in the main plots and four sowing dates in the subplots were compared in terms of the performance of four medium early hybrids (FAO 200). In the technological adaptation experiments carried out with durum wheat, the N supplies were moderate (2010) or good (2011), while the P and K supplies were good or very good in both years. Six N top-dressing treatments were applied in the main plots and five plant protection treatments in the subplots to test the responses of three varieties. The results were evaluated using analysis of variance, while correlations between the variables were detected using regression analysis.The effect of the tested factors on the grain yield was significant in the three-factorial maize experiment despite the annual fluctuations, reflected in extremely variable environmental means. During the given period the effect of N fertilisation surpassed that of the sowing date and the genotype. Regression analysis on the N responses for various sowing dates showed that maize sown in the middle 10 days of April gave the highest yield, but the N rates required to achieve maximum values declined as sowing was delayed. In the very wet year, the yield of durum wheat was influenced to the greatest extent by the plant protection treatments, while N supplies and the choice of variety were of approximately the same importance.  In the favourable year the yielding ability was determined by topdressing and the importance of plant protection dropped to half,  while no  significant difference could be detected between the tested varieties. According to the results of regression analysis, the positive effect of plant protection could not be substituted by an increase in the N rate in either year. The achievement of higher yields was only possible by a joint intensification of plant protection and N fertilisation. Nevertheless, the use of more efficient chemicals led to a slightly, though not significantly, higher yield, with a lower N requirement. 

scholarly journals Response of Late Sowing on the Yield and Yield Contributing Character of Different Varieties of Mustard and Rapeseed in Coastal Area of Barguna

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-448
Author(s):  
MA Razzaque ◽  
MR Talukder ◽  
Shaleh Uddin ◽  
SI Khan ◽  
Altab Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Late Sowing ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment was carried at Multi Location Testing site Barguna to determine suitable variety of mustard (Brassica species) for the late sowing condition for the coastal area of Bangladesh during rabi season of 1998-1999 and 1999-2000. Four varieties of mustard such as Daulat, Rai-5, Improved tory-7, and Ishurdi local with four sowing dates viz.15 Nov, 23 Nov, 30 Nov. and 7 Dec. were used for the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with sowing date in the main plot and varieties in the sub plot. The results revealed that the variety Daulat (1035 kg/ha) and Ishurdi local (1014 kg/ha) produced identically superior yield irrespective of sowing time. 15 November (1164 kg/ha) and 23 November (1002 kg/ha) recorded identically superior yield irrespect of variety. Daulat and Ishurdi local variety sowing could be delayed up to 30 November to obtain a profitable yield of (872 kg/ha) and (940 kg/ha) respectively which was still economically profitable. Key words: Mustard and rapes, Late sowing , variety, Yield, coastal area. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 441-448., 2007

scholarly journals Effects of the cropyear and the agronomical factors on agronomical elements of different sweet corn (Zea Mays L. convar. saccharata Koern.) genotypes in long-term experiment

2012 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Fertilization Level ◽  
The University

In the crop season of 2010 (rainy year), we studied the effect of three agrotechnical factors (sowing time, fertilization, plant density) and four different genotypes on the agronomical characteristics of sweet corn on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság. The experiments were carried out at the Látókép Experimental Farm of the University of Debrecen. In the experiment, two sowing dates (27 April, 26 May), six fertilization levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK, N150+PK) and four genotypes (Jumbo, Enterprise, Prelude, Box-R) were used at two plant densities (45 thousand plants ha-1, 65 thousand plants ha-1). The amount of precipitation in the season of 2010 was 184 mm higher, while the average temperature was 0.8 oC higher in the studied months than the average of 30 years. Weather was more favourable for sweet maize at the first sowing date, if we consider the yields, however, if we evaluate the agronomical data and yield elements (number of cobs, cob length and diameter, the number of kernel rows, the number of kernels per row) it can be stated that the size of the fertile cobs was greater at the second sowing date due to the lower number of cobs. The largest number of fertile cobs was harvested in the case of the hybrid Enterprise (72367.9 ha-1) in the higher plant density treatment (65 thousand ha-1) at the fertilization level of N120+PK when the first sowing date was applied. The largest cobs were harvested from the hybrid Box-R (cob weight with husks: 516.7 g, number of kernels in one row: 45.7) at the lower plant density (45 thousand plants ha-1) in the second sowing date treatment. Cob diameter and the number of kernel rows were the highest for the hybrid Prelude.

scholarly journals The Major Chemical Constituents of Teosinte Grown as Mono and Mixed Cropping with Legumes in different Sowing Date

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Birendra Khanal ◽  
Naba Raj Devkota ◽  
Megh Raj Tiwari ◽  
Neena Amatya Gorkhali
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Major Chemical

Teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana) is one of the most popular summer growing cereal fodder, yet with comparatively low level of chemical constituents. The quality of this fodder can be improved through better by cultivation management including sowing dates and mixed cropping with legume. The main objective of this study was to determine the forage quality as reflected by major chemical constituents of pure stands of teosinte and binary mixtures of teosinte with commonly available legumes under different dates of sowing. Four fodder combinations; teosinte mono crop, teosinte+ cowpea, tesosinte+ rice bean, and teosinte+ lablab bean was arranged to cultivate in three different date of sowing in the field in a Split Plot Design with 5 replications. Main plot treatments were different sowing dates and sub-plot treatments were combinations of fodder species. Dry herbage mass production, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and Ash were determined. The results showed that the significantly the highest Dry herbage and CP were obtained from fodder combination teosinte+ cowpea if sown at 18th April, whereas the significantly highest mean values of ADF and NDF were obtained for teosinte mono fodder crop. However, the lowest average value of ADF and NDF was obtained for fodder combination teosinte with cowpea. The average value of Ash and ADL of both harvest for fodder combination and date of sowing was statistically similar (p>0.05). The effect of treatments interaction/combination on cumulative dry herbage was statistically high (p<0.05) when teosinte+ cowpea was sown at 18th April. However, effect of treatments interaction/combination on average value of CP, NDF, ADF, ADL and Ash of both harvests (g/kg DM) was statistically similar (p>0.05). The results showed that mixture of teosinte with cowpea sown at 18th April could be the best combination in terms of quantity as well as for major chemical constituents that could reflect better quality of fodder harvest.

scholarly journals Maize (Zea mays L.) yield stability dependence on crop rotation, fertilization and climatic conditions in a long-term experiment on Haplic Chernozem

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srđan Šeremešić ◽  
Ivica Đalović ◽  
Dragiša Milošev ◽  
Đorđe Jocković ◽  
Borivoj Pejić
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment

scholarly journals Pollination of Rapeseed (Brassica napus) by Africanized Honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Two Sowing Dates

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 2087-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMERSON D. CHAMBÓ ◽  
NEWTON T.E. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
REGINA C. GARCIA ◽  
JOSÉ B. DUARTE-JÚNIOR ◽  
MARIA CLAUDIA C. RUVOLO-TAKASUSUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Single Colony ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Africanized Honeybees

In this study, performed in the western part of the state of Paraná, Brazil, two self-fertile hybrid commercial rapeseed genotypes were evaluated for yield components and physiological quality using three pollination tests and spanning two sowing dates. The treatments consisted of combinations of two rapeseed genotypes (Hyola 61 and Hyola 433), three pollination tests (uncovered area, covered area without insects and covered area containing a single colony of Africanized Apis mellifera honeybees) and two sowing dates (May 25th, 2011 and June 25th, 2011). The presence of Africanized honeybees during flowering time increased the productivity of the rapeseed. Losses in the productivity of the hybrids caused by weather conditions unfavorable for rapeseed development were mitigated through cross-pollination performed by the Africanized honeybees. Weather conditions may limit the foraging activity of Africanized honeybees, causing decreased cross-pollination by potential pollinators, especially the Africanized A. mellifera honeybee. The rapeseed hybrids respond differently depending on the sowing date, and the short-cycle Hyola 433 hybrid is the most suitable hybrid for sowing under less favorable weather conditions.

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