scholarly journals Effects of the cropyear and the agronomical factors on agronomical elements of different sweet corn (Zea Mays L. convar. saccharata Koern.) genotypes in long-term experiment

2012 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Fertilization Level ◽  
The University

In the crop season of 2010 (rainy year), we studied the effect of three agrotechnical factors (sowing time, fertilization, plant density) and four different genotypes on the agronomical characteristics of sweet corn on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság. The experiments were carried out at the Látókép Experimental Farm of the University of Debrecen. In the experiment, two sowing dates (27 April, 26 May), six fertilization levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK, N150+PK) and four genotypes (Jumbo, Enterprise, Prelude, Box-R) were used at two plant densities (45 thousand plants ha-1, 65 thousand plants ha-1). The amount of precipitation in the season of 2010 was 184 mm higher, while the average temperature was 0.8 oC higher in the studied months than the average of 30 years. Weather was more favourable for sweet maize at the first sowing date, if we consider the yields, however, if we evaluate the agronomical data and yield elements (number of cobs, cob length and diameter, the number of kernel rows, the number of kernels per row) it can be stated that the size of the fertile cobs was greater at the second sowing date due to the lower number of cobs. The largest number of fertile cobs was harvested in the case of the hybrid Enterprise (72367.9 ha-1) in the higher plant density treatment (65 thousand ha-1) at the fertilization level of N120+PK when the first sowing date was applied. The largest cobs were harvested from the hybrid Box-R (cob weight with husks: 516.7 g, number of kernels in one row: 45.7) at the lower plant density (45 thousand plants ha-1) in the second sowing date treatment. Cob diameter and the number of kernel rows were the highest for the hybrid Prelude.

Effect of year and technological factors on the yield and agronomic traits of sweet corn (Zea mays L. Convar. saccharata Koern.) varieties in a long-term experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente ◽  
P. Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The University

The effect of three technological factors (sowing date, fertilization, crop density) and two genotypes was examined on the yield and agronomic traits of sweet corn grown on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság region of Hungary. The experiments, conducted at the Látókép Research Site of the University of Debrecen, involved two sowing dates (end of April, end of May), six fertilization levels (control, N30 + PK, N60 + PK, N90 + PK, N120 + PK, N150 + PK) and two plant density levels (45 thousand ha−1, 65 thousand ha−1). Both hybrids used (Jumbo and Enterprise) belong to the mid-late maturity group. Compared to the 30-year average, the climate was dry and warm in 2009. Moisture deficiency had an adverse effect on the yield of crops sown at the second sowing date. By contrast, the second year (2010) was very humid; the precipitation was 184 mm above the 30-year average and the temperature was average.In the dry year the highest yield was obtained with Jumbo for both sowing dates (27253 kg−1, 20921 kg ha−1), while in 2010 Enterprise gave the highest yield (23437 kg−1, 22237 kg ha−1) for both sowing dates. The correlation between the technological factors, the yield and agronomic traits was analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

scholarly journals The effect of sowing date and plant density on the yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under different weather conditions

2018 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Ákos Tótin ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University

Maize has high productivity and produces huge vegetative and generative phytomass, but this crop is very sensitive to agroecological (mainly to climatic, partly to pedological conditions) and agrotechnical circumstances. In Hungary, maize is grown on 1.1–1.2 million hectares, the national average yields vary between 4–7 t ha-1 depending on the year and the intensity of production technology. The longterm experiment was set up in 2015–2016 on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság (eastern Hungary). The maize research was set up on chernozem soil at the Látókép MÉK (Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management) research area of the University of Debrecen. We examined the following commonly used hybrids of Hungary: SY ARIOSO (FAO 300), P9074 (FAO 310), P9486 (FAO 360), SY Octavius (FAO 400), GK Kenéz (FAO 410), DKC 4943 (FAO 410). The experiment was set up in three different plant densities. These were 60, 76, 90 thousand plant ha-1. The experiment was set up with three different sowing dates, early, average and late sowing. The yield was measured using a special plot harvester (Sampo Rosenlew 2010), measuring the weight of the harvested plot and also taking a sample from it. As a next step, we calculated the yield (t ha-1) of each plot at 14% of moisture content to compare them to each other. We evaluated the obtained data using Microsoft Excel 2015.

Impact of nutrient supply, sowing time and plant density on maize yields

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sárvári
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Chilling Resistance ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Plant Densities

In order to enhance the adaptability and yield stability of maize, the effect of nutrient supply and plant density on yield was studied on a calcareous chernozem soil in Debrecen, while the relationship between sowing date and the grain moisture content at harvest was investigated on a typical meadow soil in Hajdúböszörmény. In the plant density experiment, the plant densities applied were 45, 60, 75 and 90 thousand plants/ha. The optimal fertilizer rates for the maize hybrids were: N 40-120, P2O5 25-75, K2O 30-90 kg ha-1. The application of NPK fertilizers in a wet year increased the yield by 40-50%. Hybrids with good chilling resistance at germination can be sown as early as 10 April, when the soil temperature reaches 8-10°C. There was a significant correlation between sowing date and the grain moisture content at harvest. When hybrids with good chilling resistance at germination were sown early, the grain moisture content at harvest was reduced by 5-10%. A plant density higher than the optimum reduces yield and yield stability. The optimal plant densities determined in the experiment were 60, 75 and 90 thousand plants/ha for two, three and one hybrid, respectively.

scholarly journals Site and hybrid-specific agrotechnical models in sweet corn production

2011 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Ádám Lente
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Crop Density

The effect of three agrotechnical factors (sowing time, fertilization, plant density) and two genotypes on the crop yield of sweet corn was examined on chernozem soil in the Hajdúság region in two different crop years. Compared to the 30-year average, the climate was dry and warm in 2009 and humid in 2010. The experiments were conducted at the Látókép Research Site of the University of Debrecen. In the experiments we applied two sowing times (end of April, end of May), six fertilization levels (control, N30+PK, N60+PK, N90+PK, N120+PK, N150+PK) and two crop density levels (45 thousand ha-1, 65 thousand ha-1). The hybrids we used were Jumbo and Enterprise. As regards the requirements of sweet corn production, the crop year of 2009 was dry and warm. The effect of moisture deficiency was more adverse on the crop yields with the second sowing time. On the contrary, the other examined year (2010) was significantly humid; the precipitation was 184 mm above the 30-year average and the temperature was average.In the dry and hot crop year, the best yields were obtained with the hybrid Jumbo (25677 kg-1) at 65 thousand ha-1 plant density level on the average of the fertilization levels. The crop yields of Enterprise were also the highest at high plant density level (24444 kg ha-1). With the second sowing time the highest yields were obtained at the higher plant density level (65 thousand ha-1) with both hybrids (Jumbo 18978 kg ha-1, Enterprise 18991 kg ha-1), which confirmed the good adaptation capability of these hybrids at high plant density level. In humid crop year with early sowing time the highest yielding hybrid was Enterprise (at 45 thousand ha-1 crop density level 20757 kg-1), at the same time, Jumbo was best yielding at the higher plant density level (18781 kg-1). With the second sowing time the highest crop yield was obtained with Enterprise again (20628 kg ha-1 at 65 thousand ha-1 plant density level). With this sowing time the average yields of Jumbo, was 18914 kg ha-1 respectively. We found that dry crop year and early sowing time provided the best conditions for sweet corn production; the highest yields were obtained under these circumstances, which might be the results of the outstanding water management of chernozem  soils.

scholarly journals Growth regulator and maize response to the increase in plant density

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucieli Santini Leolato ◽  
Luis Sangoi ◽  
Murilo Miguel Durli ◽  
Fernando Panison ◽  
Ramon Voss
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Maize Response

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of application of the growth regulator Trinexapac-ethyl on maize response to the increase in plant density at two sowing dates. A field experiment was carried out in the municipality of Lages, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons. Two sowing dates (10/15 - preferential, and 12/5 - late), four plant densities (5, 7, 9, and 11 plants m-2), with and without Trinexapac-ethyl application, were tested. The growth regulator was sprayed at a rate of 150 g a.i. ha-1, when hybrid P30F53YH was at the V5 and V10 growth stages. The spraying of Trinexapac-ethyl decreased the stem length above the ear insertion node at both growing seasons. Grain yield ranged from 11,422 to 14,805 kg ha-1, and increased in a quadratic way with the increment in plant density. The highest yields were reached when maize was sown in October. The spraying of Trinexapac-ethyl did not affect grain yield, but decreased the 1,000 kernels mass at both sowing dates. The use of Trinexapac-ethyl does not enhance grain yield of maize hybrid P30F53YH at crowded stands in response to the densification, regardless of sowing time.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing date and plant density on bolting of four sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-270
Author(s):  
Entessar Al-Jbawi ◽  
Waeel Sabsabi ◽  
Gharibo Gharibo ◽  
Abd El-Muhsien Al-Sayed Omar
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Autumn Sowing ◽  
Plot Design

This experiment was conducted in Homs Agricultural Research Station, Homs, Syria during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons to study the effect of sowing date and plant density on bolting for four sugar beet varieties, tow are monogerm varieties i.e. Parade and Etna, while the other are multigerm varieties i.e. Nadir and Mammoth. Three sowing dates were applied, began from 15/9 to 15/10, the interval between the sowing dates was 15 days. Three plant densities were executed (133 000, 100 000 and 80 000 plantha-1). Split plot design was used with three replicates. The combined analysis exhibited the significant effect of varieties (V), sowing dates (S), and plant densities (D) on all types of bolting (Early, medium, late and total). Least significant test (L.S.D 0.05) clarified that early autumn sowing (15/9 and 1/10) increased total bolting percent 74.86 and 44.88 % respectively, as compared with date (15/10) 15.57% (control). The plant density (133 000 plant ha-1) decreased total bolting percent 43.56% as compared with the other plant densities (80 000 and 100 000 plant ha-1) 46.35 and 45.40% respectively. The results showed that the monogerm varieties were superior and more resistant to bolting as compared with the multigerm ones. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12647 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 256-270

Effect of sowing date, population density and row spacing on growth and yield of opium poppy in north central subtropical India

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Yadav ◽  
R. Mohan ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Area Index ◽  
North Central ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Capsule Size ◽  
Morphine Content

SUMMARYOpium poppy (Papaver somniferum Linn.) was sown at three sowing dates (10, 25 November, 10 December), row spacings (15, 30, 45 cm) and population densities (6 × 105, 3 × 105, 1·5 × 105 plants/ha) in a split-plot design at Lucknow. Sowing on 10 November resulted in higher yields of opium, seed, total dry matter and morphine content. Delayed sowing, higher plant density and narrow spacing produced low yields with less morphine content. Decline in opium yield was associated with decrease in plant height, leaf area index, capsule size and number of capsules per plant. The crop sown on 10 November removed most N. N concentration and uptake also increased when the number of plants per unit area was decreased. The study suggests that to achieve maximum yields poppy should be sown in rows 30 cm apart on 10 November with 3 × 105 plants/ha.

Plant population studies on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in subtropical Australia. 1. Growth under fully irrigated conditions

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Bell ◽  
G Harch ◽  
GC Wright
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Yield Responses

Effects of plant density and spatial arrangement on growth and yield responses of 4 peanut cultivars were examined under fully irrigated conditions at Kingaroy, south-eastern Queensland (26�33'S., 151�50'E.). Cultivars represented either the Spanish or Virginia botanical type. Spanish cultivars had either very early (Chico) or early (McCubbin) maturity, while Virginia cultivars had either medium (Early Bunch) or very late (Mani Pintar) maturity. The interaction of plant density (44 000-376 000 plants/ha) with sowing date was assessed in 3 sowings in 1984-85 (S1, 1 November; S2, 5 December; S3, 15 January), with a further sowing in 1985-86 (S4, 21 November). The interaction of plant density and spatial arrangement was assessed in 1985-86. Total dry matter (TDM) and pod yields showed highly significant (P<0.01) linear and quadratic responses to increasing plant density. Cultivars differed in their response to density. McCubbin, Early Bunch and Mani Pintar showed no responses to increased density above 88 000 plants/ha, while maximum TDM and pod yields of Chico were recorded at 352 000 plants/ha. Sowing date had no significant effect on the response of any cultivar to plant density. However, all cultivars except Chico produced significantly less TDM and pod yield in S3, due to cool temperatures and/or frosts terminating growth. A 1 : 1 (square) planting arrangement produced significantly greater pod yields and more TDM than the conventional commercial practice of rows 90 cm apart. Planting in a double-row arrangement (20 cm between 2 rows) based on 90 cm centres produced intermediate pod and TDM yields. A simple model was used to describe the effects of plant density and sowing date on yield, and proved useful for highlighting differences among cultivars and sowing dates. A limitation of the model was a tendency to overestimate pod yield at low plant density in Spanish cultivars, where the harvest index declined at very low plant densities.

Analysis of a three-way interaction including multi-attributes

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Varela ◽  
Jose Crossa ◽  
Jagdish Rane ◽  
Arun Kumar Joshi ◽  
Richard Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Data Array ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Mode 3

The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) has been widely used for studying and interpreting genotype × environment interaction (GEI) in agricultural experiments using multi-environment trials (METs). When METs are performed across several years the interaction is referred to as a 3-mode (3-way) data array, in which the modes are genotypes, environments, and years. The 3-way array can be applied to other conditions or factors artificially created by the researcher, such as different sowing dates or plant densities, etc. Three-way interaction data can be studied using the AMMI analysis. The objective of this study is to apply the 3-mode AMMI to 2 datasets. Dataset 1 comprises genotype (25) × location (4) × sowing time (4) interaction; 8 traits were measured. The structure of dataset 2 is genotype (20) × irrigation regimes (4) × year (3) on grain yield. Results of the 3-way AMMI on dataset 1 show that several important 3-way interactions were not detected when condensing location (4) × sowing time (4) into environments (16). An alternative 3-way array, genotype × attribute × locations for the early sowing date in Year 1, is considered. Results of the 3-way AMMI on dataset 2 show that different patterns of response of genotypes can be found at different irrigation methods and years.

scholarly journals Examination of the population density and sowing date of different maize genotypes in the Hajdúság region

2012 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Károly Máriás ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Homogeneous Field ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Late Sowing

The experiment was carried out 6 km from Debrecen, next to the main road 47 on a homogeneous field on brown forest soil. Five corn hybrids were tested in the trial (DKC 4795, DKC 4995, KWS Kornelius, NK Cobalt, PR37 N01) at three different sowing times (early – 5th April, average – 21st April, late – 10th May). At each sowing time, three different plant densities were applied (modest – 58 500 plants ha-1, average –70 200 plants ha-1, high – 82 300 plants ha-1). The agrotechnics appliedin the experiment satisfied the requirements of modern corn cultivation. In the study, the best yield result was achieved with the early sowing time out of the three examined sowing times (11 315 kg ha-1), which was significantly different (LSD5%=495 kg) from that of the average sowing time (10 690 kg ha-1), however, there was no statistically justifiable difference between the yield results of the early and the late sowing times. There was a significant difference also between the average and late sowing time. Our results indicate that the different sowing times resulted in a different flowering times. Consequently, the stands of early and late sowing time reached this critical stadium of growth under proper climatic circumstances (precipitation: 39 mm and 136 mm, average temperature at flowering: 18.1 oC and 20.3 oC), while flowering in the case of the average sowing time of 21st April was in the first half of July and the average temperature at flowering was warmer (23.2 oC) with only 10 mm precipitation.In the experiment, the plant density response was also examined. According to the measured data, four of the five hybrids responded badly to the increasing plant density. We found that the plant density of 58 500 plant ha-1 gave the largest yield results (DKC 4995 11 794 kg ha-1 – NK Cobalt 10 998 kg ha-1, average of five hybrids: 11 430 kg ha-1), while the lowest yields were obtained at the plant density of 82 300 plant ha-1 (KWS Kornelius 11 037 kg ha-1 – NK Cobalt 10 019 kg ha-1, average of five hybrids 10 720 kg ha-1). The difference between the two plant densities was significant (LSD5%=494 kg), however, the 70 200 plant ha-1 plant density did not show any statistical difference from neither the 58 500 ha-1 nor from the 82 300 plant ha-1 stands. When examining the data of the hybrids separately, we found that there was a significant difference between the average yield of the lowest and highest plant densities only in the case of three (DKC 4795, DKC 4995, NKCobalt) out of the five hybrids (DKC 4795: 11 757 kg ha-1 – 10 857 ha-1 where LSD5% =816 kg; DKC 4995: 11 794 kg ha-1 – 10 738 kg ha-1 where LSD5%=853kg; NK Cobalt: 10 998 kg ha-1 – 10 019 kg ha-1 where LSD5%=630 kg ha-1), while a  significant difference between the second and third plant densities was observed only in one case (DKC 4995: 11 726 kg ha-1 – 10 738 ha-1 where LSD5%=853 kg). In all other cases, there was no statistical difference between the differentplant densities.

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