Mycelial compatibility of Hungarian Macrophomina phaseolina isolates

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Csöndes
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
The World ◽  
Mycelial Compatibility ◽  
Spanish Isolate ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Considerable Damage

The charcoal root disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich leads to considerable damage in hot, dry seasons in many parts of the world, including Hungary. The present study investigated the mycelial compatibility of 53 Macrophomina phaseolina isolates, collected from sunflower, maize and soybean in different regions of Hungary, in order to characterize the diversity of the pathogen. Compatible isolates were identified by growing the isolates in direct contact with each other on potato-dextrose agar medium under laboratory conditions. Most isolates were compatible. Only 24 pairs of all the possible paired combinations showed incompatible relationships. Even geographically distant isolates were found to be compatible. Some Serbian isolates were compatible with all the Hungarian isolates and one Spanish isolate tested in this work. The latter exhibited incompatibility only with a single Hungarian isolate. These results suggest that the same or very similar genotypes may spread over long distances, probably through the transportation of seeds or crops contaminated with microsclerotia. This is the first report on the compatibility of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates in Hungary.

scholarly journals Investigation of the mycelial compatibility of Macrophomina phaseolina

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Kitti Csüllög ◽  
Gábor Tarcali
Keyword(s):  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Mycelial Compatibility ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Considerable Damage

AbstractMacrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is found on all five crop-growing continents. In hot and dry seasons, this fungus is capable of causing considerable damage. In this study, mycelial compatibility of M. phaseolina isolates was investigated. In total the 30 samples collected were tested to examine their compatibility. The sunflower samples examined were collected in 2019 and 2020 in different regions of Hungary (29 isolates) and Slovakia (1 isolate). A total of 465 pairing tests were made with 30 isolates. The results of our examination showed incompatibility in 12 pairings. In our studies, we also measured the size of the microsclerotia of the isolates in order to determine which group they belong to. The diameter of the microsclerotia ranged from 74 to 182 μm. Based on this, microsclerotia belong to group ‘C’, as well as the data of previous studies in Hungary.

scholarly journals First Report of Bipolaris sorghicola on Johnsongrass in Argentina

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 965-965
Author(s):  
H. Acciaresi ◽  
C. Mónaco
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Noxious Weeds ◽  
The World ◽  
Humidity Chamber ◽  
Adult Plants

Target leaf spot was found on johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.) in La Plata, Argentina (34°54′S, 58°30′W). Up to 80% disease severity was observed in adult plants. In most diseased plants, spots were well defined, delimited by leaf veins, and elongated. Individual lesions ranged in size from small spots (2 to 3 mm) to large lesions (10 to 15 mm). Lesions sometimes coalesced to produce extensive areas of necrosis. Isolates identified as Bipolaris sorghicola (Lefebre & Scherwin) Alcorn (1) grew slowly on potato dextrose agar medium, producing a compact dark brown mycelium. Conidia were 40 to 80 μm long, slightly curved and golden brown, with three to seven pseudosepta. Although germination of conidia was mainly bipolar, lateral germination sometimes was observed. Twenty monoconidial isolates were inoculated at 105 conidia per cm3 on johnsongrass at the 4-leaf stage to confirm the pathogenicity of B. sorghicola. After inoculation, plants were placed in a high-humidity chamber for 24 h; thereafter, they were kept at 25°C day and 18°C night temperatures. Typical lesions developed after 10 days. The pathogen was reisolated from lesions after 15 days. Johnsongrass is one of the most noxious weeds in the world. Due to its potential as a biocontrol agent, further studies are needed to determine the effect of B. sorghicola on johnsongrass. Reference: (1) J. L. Alcorn. Mycotaxon 27:1, 1983.

scholarly journals Dataset of differentially accumulated proteins in Mucor strains representative of four species grown on synthetic potato dextrose agar medium and a cheese mimicking medium

Data in Brief ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 214-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Morin-Sardin ◽  
Jean-Luc Jany ◽  
Sébastien Artigaud ◽  
Vianney Pichereau ◽  
Benoît Bernay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium

scholarly journals Use of water restriction in the inoculation of carrot seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-422
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges Pereira ◽  
Tiago B. Torres ◽  
Patrícia Pereira da Silva ◽  
Gilvaine C. Lucas ◽  
Jadir Borges Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Abstract: This study aimed at evaluating the method of inoculation of carrot seeds in a potato-dextrose-agar medium (PDA) added of mannitol. Alternaria radicina was the fungus chosen to test such methodology. The osmosis-controlling agent was employed to obtain the osmotic potentials of 0.6 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.2 MPa. In comparison with the control treatment, no significant mycelial growth inhibition was noticed at any of the osmotic potentials considered. The seeds were distributed over the fungal colonies for infection, where they remained for 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours, at the osmotic potentials of 0.0 MPa (control), 0.6 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.2 MPa, respectively. Tests of germination, sanitization and emergence were performed to evaluate the effects of colonization. Regarding the germination, the different osmotic potentials resulted in similar percentages of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds. As for the sanitization testing, higher infection rates were observed at the osmotic potentials of 1.0 MPa and 1.2 MPa. The lowest percentage of emergence was found at -1.2 MPa, therefore suggesting that this osmotic potential (produced with mannitol) might be used for infecting carrot seeds for research purposes.

scholarly journals Vascular Streak Dieback: Penyakit Baru Tanaman Kakao di Sumatera Barat

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Jumsu Trisno ◽  
Reflin Reflin ◽  
Martinius Martinius
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Dead Plant

Vascular streak dieback (VSD) symptoms was reported recently in several cacao plantations in West Sumatera.  Disease incidence reached 58.82–100% with disease intensity of 24.29–44.71%.  In some cases, dead plant was also found. Fungal isolation was performed to identify the agents associated with VSD.  Plant samples showing VSD symptoms was collected from 3 locations of cacao production center in West Sumatera, i.e. Limapuluh Kota regency, Padang Pariaman regency, and Padang city.  Small pieces of leaf and twig were plated on water agar and potato dextrose agar medium for fungal isolation.  Morphology of hifa, basidiocarp, and basidiospora observed from fungi colonies indicated the presence of Ceratobasidium theobromae on infected plant samples.  This is the first report on the association of C. theobromae on cacao in West Sumatera. 

scholarly journals Cultural variability among nine isolates of Urocystis agropyri on wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
SS Karwasra ◽  
MS Beniwal ◽  
ML Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Flag Smut ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Slow Growing

Four temperatures and five different media were tested for cultural variability of nine geographical isolates of Urocystis agropyri (Preuss.) Schroet causing flag smut of wheat. Urocystis agropyri is extremely slow growing pathogen and each isolate responded differently at different temperatures. All the isolates/ collections grew well at 20°C after 45, 60, and 70 days after incubation. Ambala isolate was fast growing. PDA medium was found to be most suitable for the growth of all the nine isolates/collections. The average mycelial growth was also maximum on Potato Dextrose Agar Medium followed by Corn Meal Dextrose Agar, Oat Meal Dextrose Agar, Grain Meal Dextrose Agar and minimum on Wheat Meal Dextrose Agar. Key Words: Variability, media, isolates, wheat. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1593 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 347-351, September 2008

scholarly journals Hirsutella thompsonii and Pochonia chlamydosporia (Syn. Verticillium chlamydosporium) Mycelia Growth and Predation on Panagrellus redivivus

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Cleonice Lubian ◽  
Danielle Dutra Matinha ◽  
Roberto Luis Portz ◽  
Vivian Carré Missio ◽  
Luanna Karoline Rinaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Panagrellus Redivivus ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Hirsutella Thompsonii ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Verticillium Chlamydosporium

This research aimed to evaluate the nematophagous ability of 4077-Verticillium chlamydosporium var. chlamydosporium and 4466-Hirsutella thompsonii isolates and relate mycelia growth to the influence provoked by movement of nematodes. Each fungus grew in PDA (potato, dextrose, agar) medium end up to pure colonization. Then, ten mycelia plugs of 8 mm diameter were removed from colony borders and transferred to the center of ten Petri plates containing water-agar 2% medium. These plates were previously divided into four quadrants that received a number of 25 individuals of free-living nematodes (Panagrellus redivivus), composing a total of 100 nematodes per plate. Evaluations started after 24 hours of interaction, considering predation percentage and mycelia growth as stimuli of nematodes presence. Results showed growing predation performance to both isolates, being higher for V. chlamydosporium var. chlamydosporium since from first evaluation time, controlling more than 50% of nematode population initially added. Its predation potential was 39.2%, 38.4% and 48.35% higher than H. thompsonii at first, second and third evaluation day, respectively. Generally, nematodes did not stimulate mycelia growth, unless for H. thompsonii at 72 hours of interaction compared to control plates (without nematodes). Stress resulting from isolates transference from PDA to water-agar 2% resulted in sparse mycelia growth and it could have affected the predation performance of H. thompsonii that controlled nematodes in low levels throughout experiment. Independently of predation level, pictures revealed that both isolates has ability to control P. redivivus through hyphae penetration.

scholarly journals Incidence and Biology of Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.) Wei. disease of okra in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed ◽  
Nazmul Alam ◽  
Abul Khair
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Corynespora Cassiicola ◽  
Optimum Growth ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Significant Incidence ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
A Minor

Eight commercial okra cultivars were evaluated to determine the magnitude of incidence of Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.) Wei. Maximum and significant incidence of C. cassiicola was 14.86 in the cultivar BARI 1. In rest of the cultivars, the occurrence of this fungus was very poor to nil. Corynespora cassiicola appeared to be a minor pathogen for okra. Effects of temperature, pH and culture media on growth and sporulation of the fungus were investigated. Potato dextrose agar medium was found to be the most suitable for optimum growth and sporulation of this fungus at pH 7 and 25ºC. The conidial length significantly varied with the changes of pH. The correlation between pH and conidial length was found negative and highly significant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i2.18028 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(2): 265-272, 2013 (December)

scholarly journals Sclerotinia Rot of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Won-Kwon Jung ◽  
Yang-Sook Lim ◽  
Min-Ki Kim ◽  
Jong-Su Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Partial Sequencing ◽  
Typical Symptom ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sclerotinia Rot

Sclerotinia rot was occurred on the leaf and stem of Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. in greenhouse field of Pohang city of Gyeongbuk province in Korea. The typical symptom of the disease was light brown spot and tipburn on infected leaves. The colony of the isolated fungus was white to light gray in color. Asci were cylindrical shape and 75‒240×5.9‒17.3 μm in size. Apothecia were cup-shaped with numerous asci and 0.5‒0.9 cm in size. Ascospores were aseptate and ellipsoid in shape, and 8.4‒10.7×4.8‒5.8 μm in size. Sclerotia formed on the plants and potato dextrose agar medium were globose to irregular in shape and black in color. Partial sequencing of rDNA of this isolate showed that it was 100% consistent with that of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. It was confirmed that the same lesion was formed by reinoculating this pathogen on a healthy P. japonicum Thunb. and the same strain was isolated. This is the first report on the Sclerotinia rot of P. japonicum Thunb. caused by S. sclerotiorum in Korea.

scholarly journals First Report of Pestalotiopsis dyospiri Causing Calyx Blight of Sweet Persimmon in Huelva Province (Southwestern Spain)

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Blanco ◽  
F. Romero ◽  
B. De los Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Affected Tissue ◽  
Plant Pathol ◽  
First Time

In November 2006, necrotic calyxes were observed in more than 90% of harvested sweet persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki L. fil.), cv. Triumph, in orchards located in Huelva Province. Symptoms appeared on sepals as brown-to-black necrotic areas; one to four sepals per fruit could be affected. Necrotic sepal tissues were surface disinfected and placed on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA). A fungus was consistently isolated from affected tissue on 60% of fruits sampled. Isolates formed acervular conidiomata (75.7 ± 4.69 μm in diameter) with fusiform conidia that were straight or rarely curved. Conidia were five celled, including three umbercolored medial cells and hyaline apical and basal cells. All conidia possessed two to three apical appendages and a single basal one. Conidia (N = 60) were 17.03 ± 0.25 μm long × 4.55 ± 0.1 μm wide; the three medial cells were 11.78 ± 0.15 μm long and apical cells were 2.34 ± 0.11 μm, with apical appendages measuring 12.45 ± 0.36 μm. Basal cells were 2.98 ± 0.11 μm and basal appendages were 3.93 ± 0.14 μm long. On the basis of these characteristics, the causal agent was identified as Pestalotiopsis diospyri Sidow et P. Sidow (2), that was previously described as a persimmon pathogen on leaves in Japan (3). To confirm pathogenicity, calyxes of healthy unwounded fruits were sprayed with 3 ml of a conidia suspension (1.5 × 105 conidia per ml) and maintained in moist chambers at 24°C for 10 days. All fruits presented necrotic calyxes, and the pathogen was reisolated from affected tissue in 100% of the samples. P. diospyri has been reported to be present on calyxes of unhealthy persimmon fruits in different productive regions in New Zealand (1), but to our knowledge, this is the first time that pathogenicity of this fungus was demonstrated on sweet persimmon fruits in Spain. References: (1) H. H. Goh et al. Proc N Z Weed Pest Control Conf. 44:265, 1991. (2) E. F. Guba. Page 184 in: Monograph on Monochaetia and Pestalotia. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. 1961. (3) F. Yasuda et al. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. 69:29, 2003.

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