Tailoring Carbon Nanoclusters to Desired Morphologies

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2438-2444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Jiao ◽  
Supapan Seraphin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Nanoclusters ◽  
Comparative Manner

The preparation and structural characterization of carbon nanoclusters of different morphologies produced by three different methods and under a variety of conditions is reported. In a comparative manner, the growth phenomena and structural properties of carbon nanoclusters are investigated as synthesized by (a) the high temperature (˜3000 °C) and high carbon-content process of the conventional arc-discharge, (b) the high temperature but low carbon-content process of the modified arc-discharge, and finally (c) the relatively low temperature (˜500 °C) process of Ni catalytic disproportionation of carbon monoxide.

Polyimide as carbon and ceramic polysilazane precursors to obtain high carbon content ceramic for high-temperature applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
André V. B. Andrade ◽  
Luiz F. Belchior Ribeiro ◽  
Emanoelle Diz Acosta ◽  
Fernando J. Da Costa ◽  
Maíra D. Mallmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Temperature Applications

Characterization of biomass and high carbon content coal ash for productive reuse applications

Fuel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Nortey Yeboah ◽  
Christopher R. Shearer ◽  
Susan E. Burns ◽  
Kimberly E. Kurtis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content

Effects of Starting Carbon Sources on the Carbothermal Synthesis of SiC Powders

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 754-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Hua Cheng ◽  
Di Jiang Wen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
External Source ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Carbothermal Synthesis ◽  
The Difference

Silicon carbide (SiC) powders have been prepared at 1200–1500°C by carbothermal reduction of two kind precursors of carbonl/silica mixtures: coked rice husk with high-carbon content, and gasified rice husk with low-carbon content mixed with carbon powders as an external carbon sources. The differences in nature of carbon matter in the external source and coked rice husk, and their effect on SiC synthesis have been studied by TG-DSC, TEM, XRD and laser diffraction technique. Experimental results show that the difference in nature of carbon source may affect the formation of SiC powders. The characteristics of the synthesized SiC particles strongly depend on the characteristics of the carbon sources.

scholarly journals Characteristics and agrarian properties of biochar derived from pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of rubberwood sawdust and sewage sludge for further application to soil improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Arkom Palamanit ◽  
Kuaanan Techato ◽  
Md. Shahariar Chowdhury ◽  
Khamphe Phoungthong
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract This study investigated the characteristics of biochars derived from pyrolysis of rubberwood sawdust and sewage sludge, and co-pyrolysis of these feedstocks at the ratios of 50:50 and 75:25. All feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 550°C in slow pyrolysis with a moving bed pyrolysis reactor. Then, the investigated characteristics of biochar samples were determined and are reported. The rubberwood sawdust biochar (RWSB) had a higher in carbon content (86.70 wt%) and was lower in oxygen content (7.89 wt%), while sewage sludge biochar (SSB) had a higher ash content (65.61 w%) and a low carbon content (24.27 wt%). The weight losses of biochars were observed in TGA while the DTG graphs show degradation rate of biochar produced in pyrolysis specific conditions. RWSB had a lower content of Si, Fe, K, Na and P than SSB as observed by XRF. The pH of RWSB, SSB and the blends (50:50, 75:25) of biochars was in the range 8.41–10.02. High carbon content of the biochar confirms potential for its use in carbon sequestration. The large pore volumes and specific surface areas of biochars were found by SEM and BET. The available functional groups in biochars were C–O, C = C, and C–H as confirmed by FTIR. Water holding capacity (WHC) and water releasing ability (WRA) of RWSB, SSB, and the blends (50:50 and 75:25) of biochars were 1.01–3.08 (mL/g) and 1.19–52.42 (wt%), respectively. In this study, our results show that blending woody and non-woody based biochars can help address nonpoint source contaminants in environment. So, these all findings should develop as tune to parameters of thermal degradation of biomass and bio-biowaste with sustain and eco-friendly biochar production.

scholarly journals Динамическая проводимость графеносодержащего шунгита в диапазоне сверхвысоких частот

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
И.В. Антонец ◽  
Е.А. Голубев ◽  
В.Г. Шавров ◽  
В.И. Щеглов
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Dynamic Conductivity ◽  
Static Conductivity ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractThe conductivity of thin graphene-based shungite sheets has been experimentally investigated. Direct-current measurements have been performed upon reflection of microwaves. It is shown that, at a low carbon content, the dynamic conductivity of shungite is similar to its static conductivity and, at a high carbon content, exceeds the latter by more than an order of magnitude. The data obtained are interpreted using shungite structural components.

Synchrotron X-Ray Topographic Study of the Behavior of Defects in High Carbon-Content Si Wafers during RTP

1991 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Fanning ◽  
Michael Dudley ◽  
Franklyn F.Y. Wang ◽  
David Gordon-Smith ◽  
David T. Hodul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Processing ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Geometry

ABSTRACTCzochralski (CZ) grown Si wafers, specially prepared with unusually high carbon content (ranging from 3 to 7 ppma), were subjected to a rapid thermal processing (RTP) treatment at 1050°C for 60s. Synchrotron white beam x-ray topography in transmission geometry was used to study defect structures in these Si wafers, both prior and subsequent to this RTP treatment. Observations of both the partial relaxation of the strain fields of precipitates and widespread nucleation and propagation of dislocations accompanying RTP are presented and discussed. Results are contrasted with those from parallel studies previously conducted on low carbon content wafers.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical processes in the cavity of the oxygen converter when burning the bath with the afterburning of exhaust gases

2019 ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
A.G. Chernyatevich ◽  
L.S. Molchanov ◽  
V.V. Vakulchuk ◽  
B.Y. Yushkevich
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Oxygen Converter ◽  
Slag Formation ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Converter Bath ◽  
Temperature Modeling

The aim of the study is to study the characteristics of physicochemical processes in the cavity of an oxygen converter when purging a bath through two-tier tuyeres of various designs. The analysis showed that the classical designs of oxygen tuyeres equipped with tips with Laval nozzles do not always satisfy the requirements of the technology. The article presents the results of laboratory high-temperature modeling of the process of purging the converter bath through two-tier tuyeres equipped with tips of various designs. The studies were carried out on a multipurpose installation mounted on the basis of a 150-kg induction furnace and a 60-kg converter manufactured at a scale of 1:18 relative to 160 tons of an industrial unit. It is shown that the use of a two-tier lance provides additional advantages for the smelting process. So, in the initial and main periods of purging the converter bath through a two-tier lance with a double-row tip, it was possible to accelerate the process of slag formation without the addition of fluorspar, to intensify the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content. Upon completion of the initial purge period at a low metal temperature of 1300-1330 ° C and the corresponding basicity of liquid slag, the degree of dephosphorization of 73.3-79.1% is achieved. When used for blowing two-tier tuyeres with double-row tips, the efficiency of afterburning of CO exhaust gases to CO2 also increases at the same decarburization rate of the bath. Based on the data of high-temperature modeling, the rational design of the two-tier lance has been determined, which ensures: balance of the heat balance; yield increase; creating conditions for the removal of phosphorus at a high carbon content; exclusion of negative effects on the lining.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis for Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings from different carbon fixation and growth provenances in response to nitrogen deficiency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
xingtang zhao ◽  
Tongwei Zhang ◽  
Hualing Liu ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Ying Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Normal Nitrogen

Abstract Background The carbon fixation characteristic of F. mandshurica seedlings from 20 provenances has been evaluated by our research group. In order to explore whether growth and carbon sequestration are related to nutritional adaptability, the foliage and roots of the annual Wuchang (WC) seedlings with high carbon content and Hailin (HL) seedlings with low carbon content which were grown in nitrogen-deficient nutrition and total nutrition were used for RNA-seq determination. Results Eight transcriptome libraries by high-throughput sequence were analysis. 1,235,174,984 clean reads and 88,655 unigenes with N50 length of 1,259 bp were obtained. Under normal nitrogen condition, 783 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between WC and HL were identified, the number in foliage (669) of DEGs between HL and WC was more than that in roots (149). The number of transcription factors (TFs), hormone, and Protein kinase (PK) genes was significantly more in WC than that in HL. Compared to the normal nitrogen, 8173 DEGs related to nitrogen deficiency were identified and the number of DEGs in roots (6999) was more than that in foliage (1616). Several nitrogen deficiency-related metabolic pathways and many DEGs involved in nitrogen absorption and assimilation, carbon metabolism, hormones, transcription factors and kinases were identified. The numbers of DEGs encoding nitrate transporters, PK, TFs and hormone in WC were less than that in HL, which indicated the response of HL provenance seedlings to nitrogen deficiency was stronger than that of WC provenance seedlings. However, under nitrogen deficiency, the number of up-regulated DEGs in the WC provenance seedlings is more than that in the HL, which indicated that the WC provenance seedlings were more tolerant to nitrogen deficiency than HL. Conclusions The data showed that high carbon content and high growth rate of WC provenance seedlings are mainly attributed to the high transcriptional expression of many metabolic genes in foliage. The response of HL provenance seedlings to nitrogen deficiency is significantly greater than that of WC provenances seedlings, but WC provenance seedlings were more tolerant to nitrogen deficiency than HL. Many genes related to nitrogen deficiency were identified, which will expand our current understanding of nitrogen responses.

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