Molecular orientation of methylene blue intercalated in layer-charge-controlled montmorillonites

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2639-2643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiro Kaneko ◽  
Nobuo Iyi ◽  
Juraj Bujdák ◽  
Ryo Sasai ◽  
Takektoshi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Layer Charge ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Charge Densities ◽  
Clay Surface ◽  
Host Materials

The effect of the layer-charge density of clay on the orientation and aggregation of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), in MB/clay films was investigated using a series of layer-charge-controlled montmorillonites as host materials. Polarized ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the arrangement and orientation of dye cations in host interlayer spaces. It was revealed that high charge densities of layers induced the formation of relatively ordered and homogeneous phases with dye dimers. The reduction of the charge led to the formation of disordered, mixed phases with large amounts of monomers (isolated dye cations). Dimers and monomers were slightly tilted against the plane of the clay surface, and their angles were not affected by the layer charge.

Molecular orientation of methylene blue cations adsorbed on clay surfaces

Clay Minerals ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
J . Bujdák ◽  
N. Iyi ◽  
Y. Kaneko ◽  
R. Sasai
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Surface ◽  
Tilting Angle ◽  
High Layer ◽  
Silicate Surface

AbstractCationic dye, methylene blue (MB), was intercalated into films of expandable clay minerals with low, moderate and high layer charges (saponite, montmorillonite and synthetic expandable mica-fluorohectorite, respectively) . Tilted orientation of the dye cations on the silicate surface was observed by polarized ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) transmission spectroscopy. The tilting angle of the dye cations increased with the formation of high-order H-aggregates that absorb light at 525 nm. These dye species were formed only on the surface of fluorohectorite, which has the highest layer charge, and exhibited dichroism. Models for the orientation of MB cations on a clay surface were proposed based on MB orientation models previously reported, and compared with the basal spacings determined by X-ray diffraction.

In Situ Polymerization and Characterization of Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 371-374
Author(s):  
Lian Liu ◽  
Teng Yu ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Guang Shuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Layered Double Hydroxide ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Absorbance Peak ◽  
Double Hydroxide

Nanocomposites of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) were prepared by in situ polymerization at low LDHs loadings in this work. The resultants were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). FTIR showed that the PCL/LDHs nanocomposites were prepared successfully by in situ polymerization and XRD spectra showed that the crystal structure did not change greatly in the presence of LDHS. DSC results confirmed that LDHs could act as nucleating agents. UV-vis spectra showed that LDHs had stronger absorbance peak than LDH. Moreover, the PCL/LDHs nanocomposites had strong anti-ultraviolet effect by introduction of LDHs into polymer matrix.

The Structural Characterization of a Series of Uranium-containing Gadolinium Zirconates

2012 ◽  
Vol 1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Gregg ◽  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Zhaoming Zhang ◽  
Inna Karatchevtseva ◽  
Mark G. Blackford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Charge Balance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Gadolinium Zirconate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Host Materials ◽  
X Ray Absorption

ABSTRACTA series of uranium-containing gadolinium zirconate samples have been fabricated at 1723 K in air. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have confirmed pyrochlore or defect fluorite structures, while diffuse reflectance, X-ray absorption near edge structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies indicate a predominantly U6+ oxidation state, even when Ca2+ was added to charge balance for U4+. The results demonstrate the potential of gadolinium zirconates as host materials for actinides.

scholarly journals Sunlight Assisted Degradation of Methylene Blue as a Model Dye using Bismuth Oxychloride Nanoparticles: Ecofriendly and Industry Efficient Photocatalysis for Waste Chemical Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Chandan Adhikari ◽  
Mandeep Kaur ◽  
Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Oxychloride ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Photocatalytic Dye Degradation ◽  
Uv Visible

In this study, an efficient sunlight triggered dye degradation was demonstrated using methylene blue as a model dye and bismuth oxychloride nanoparticles were used as photocatalyst. Two different types of nanoparticles, nanoflower and nanodisk, were prepared to understand the effect of morphology on the photocatalysis. Both the particles were prepared following a straightforward and easy methodology from readily available chemicals. The particles were characterized using scanning electron microscope, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction. UV-visible spectroscopy and colorimeter were used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Both the nanoparticles were able to degrade the dye completely within 3-4 h under visible light. The photocatalytic rate constant analysis demonstrates that out of two morphology, nanoflower is found to be more effective than nanodisk towards dye degradation. The sunlight was also used to understand whether the photocatalyst can degrade the dye or not in presence of sunlight only. Both nanoparticles were able to degrade the dye 100 % in presence of sunlight within maximum 4 h. The photocatalytic dye degradation in presence of sunlight was conducted in between 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. when the maximum amount of sunlight is available with high intensity and energy. The catalysts were 100 % active after the first cycle and upto four cycles the dye degradation efficiency remain around 60-80%. The study demonstrates that sunlight can degrade the dye in presence of these photocatalyst which clearly indicates its energy saving approach thus making it more economic and green methodology for the industries.

Synthesis and Characterization of Tantalum Based Photocatalysts and Application for Methylene Blue Degradation

2016 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Meghshyam K. Patil ◽  
Hari C. Bajaj ◽  
Rajesh J. Tayade
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Methylene Blue Degradation ◽  
Degradation Study ◽  
X Ray

Ta2O5, Ta2O5–SrO and Ta2O5–TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and Thermogravimetry (TGA). In synthesized series of TiO2-Ta2O5 catalysts, formation of anatase TiO2, hexagonal Ta2O5 and titanium tantalates were observed. For Ta2O5-SrO (Ta:Sr= 1:1) formation of mixed oxide and crystallinity was observed at calcinations temperature at 1100 °C (5hr). These synthesized catalysts were used for degradation study of methylene blue. The result demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of the mixed oxides [Ta2O5-TiO2(1:1), Ta2O5-TiO2(2:1), Ta2O5-TiO2(1:2), Ta2O5-SrO (Ta:Sr= 1:1)] was higher than that of Ta2O5 alone.

Characterization of the molecular orientation in highly oriented rolled polypropylene sheets by X-ray diffraction

Polymer ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 35 (18) ◽  
pp. 3927-3935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude-Paul Lafrance ◽  
Robert E Prud'homme
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Preparation and Performance Characterization of “Turnjujube-Like” CdSe Nanofibers

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Yong Ping Luo ◽  
Zong Hu Xiao ◽  
Shun Jian Xu ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
Huan Wen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zinc Blende ◽  
And Performance ◽  
First Time

It was reported for the first time that “Turnjujube-like” CdSe nanofibers have been assembled onto TiO2surface by electrochemical method of cyclic voltammetry, using CdSO4•8H2O and SeO2as raw material, can be used as a sensitizer of quantum dot-sensitized solar cell. CdSe morphology, structure characterization and optical properties are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolt-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), respectively. The experimental results show that the prepared “Turnjujube–like” CdSe nanofibers are zinc blende CdSe with cubic crystal system, and it have excellent light absorption within the wavelength range of 300–800 nm. It has a potential for the construction of QD-sensitized solar energy cell.

scholarly journals The non-linear optical crystal growth and characterization of piperizantum p- aminobentzone

BIBECHANA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
M Vallikkodi ◽  
S Sudhahar
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Slow Evaporation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Crystal

The nonlinear optical properties of piperizanium p – aminobenzoate (PZPAB) crystal were successfully grown with the help of temperature gradient (Slow evaporation) method. The good quality of PZPAB single crystal is formed. The PZPAB is characterized with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurement, photoluminescence (PL), Raman spectroscopy, ultra violet visible spectroscopy (UV) and finally etching analysis was done.BIBECHANA 6 (2019) 5-22

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid doped Tetraaniline via Emulsion Polymerization

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1342-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Basavaiah ◽  
K. Tirumala Rao ◽  
A. V. Prasada Rao
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, we report preparation and characterization of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) doped tetraaniline via micelles assisted method using ammonium per sulphate (APS) as an oxidant. Here, DBSA act as dopant as well as template for tetraaniline nanostructures. The synthesized DBSA doped tetraaniline have been well characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry. The morphologies of tetraaniline were found to be dependent on molar ratios of N-phenyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine to DBSA. The spectroscopic data indicated that DBSA doped tetraaniline. Thermogravimetry studies revealed that the DBSA doping improved the thermal stability of tetraaniline.

Preparation and Characterization of PbO2 Electrode Modified with Praseodymium

2013 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Dong Li ◽  
Feng Wu Wang ◽  
Mai Xu ◽  
Wen Yan Fang ◽  
Xiao Yun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bulk Electrolysis

The Ti/PbO2 electrode doped with Pr2O3 was prepared by the electrodeposition method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicated the crystal particles size of Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode was diminished due to the incorporation of Pr2O3 into the film of PbO2. The scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) revealed that Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode had smaller particles and larger active surface. The measurement of cyclic voltammograms (CV) revealed Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode had a better electrochemical properties comparing to Ti/PbO2 electrode. The bulk electrolysis demonstrated that the Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode presented excellent electrocatalytic performance for degradation methylene blue.

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