In situ Synthesis of High Refractive Index PDMS/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyu Lu ◽  
Michael E. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Metal Alkoxides ◽  
Silicone Polymers

ABSTRACTOrganic-inorganic hybrids have been prepared with tailorable and enhanced properties which are unachievable using polymers or ceramics alone. By combining the flexibility of polymers with the electronic and optical properties of ceramic materials, these hybrids offer great potential for many optical, electrical and mechanical applications. Silicone polymers because of their desirable surface properties, excellent physical properties, heat stability, and high resistance to chemical and UV attack, have been widely used. Hybrid siloxane-metal oxide gels have been prepared via sol-gel techniques, by using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) crosslinked by metallic alkoxides, M(OR)n. In this technique, the use of organic solvents permits organic and inorganic components to be combined at a molecular level with the desired composition. By varying the type and percentage of metal alkoxides during synthesis, transparent and homogeneous organic-inorganic hybrid materials with unique properties were obtained. Also a secondary metal oxide species was introduced to synthesize binary metal oxide-PDMS hybrids. Systematic experiments were carried out to study the effect of the reaction conditions and metal alkoxides-PDMS ratios on the properties of the final hybrids. These hybrids were spin coating on silicon wafers or molded into bulk films to be tested. The composition and the properties of the transparent inorganic-organic hybrids were investigated and characterized by ellipsometer and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that the refractive index of the hybrid materials exhibits a proportional relationship with the metal oxide content, the higher the metal oxide content the higher the refractive index. The refractive index was increased from 1.4 of PDMS to 1.7 of metal oxide-PDMS hybrid with highest prepared metal oxide loading. From the FTIR spectra, the structures of the hybrids for various metal oxide-PDMS compositions were examined.

A facile method for fabrication of titanium-doped hybrid materials with high refractive index

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (27) ◽  
pp. 13909-13918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xibing Zhan ◽  
Qingyu Xing ◽  
Huijuan Liu ◽  
Junying Zhang ◽  
Jue Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Facile Route

This paper presents a facile route to prepare a series of high refractive index and homogeneous hybrid resins with titanium in the backbone by a non-hydrolytic sol–gel process.

New high-refractive-index organic/inorganic hybrid materials from sol-gel processing

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 3449-3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wang ◽  
G. L. Wilkes ◽  
J. C. Hedrick ◽  
S. C. Liptak ◽  
J. E. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Gel Processing

Sol–Gel Derived Transparent Zirconium-Phenyl Siloxane Hybrid for Robust High Refractive Index LED Encapsulant

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 3115-3121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ho Kim ◽  
Jun-Young Bae ◽  
Jungho Jin ◽  
Byeong-Soo Bae
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index

Thermally stable transparent sol–gel based active siloxane–oligomer materials with tunable high refractive index and dual reactive groups

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (75) ◽  
pp. 70825-70831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Chen ◽  
Guoyan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Wanshu Zhang ◽  
Le Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Thermally Stable ◽  
Transparent Film ◽  
Reactive Groups ◽  
Optical Applications

A novel active silicone–oligomers used as chemical intermediates in optical applications were synthesized and one of their derivatives, a transparent film with high refractive index, were presented.

scholarly journals Hybrid zirconium sol-gel thin films with high refractive index

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Gorin ◽  
Robert Copperwhite ◽  
Salem Elmaghrum ◽  
Colette McDonagh ◽  
Mohamed Oubaha
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index

scholarly journals Physical-chemical processes of obtaining ceramic materials based on nanopowders of oxides of zirconium, yttrium, cerium and aluminum

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
E. N. Makarova ◽  
I. V. Antsiferova
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Deposition ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Negative Effect

In the study of nanoceramics, it is necessary to constantly keep in mind the closest interrelation of the production method with its structure and properties. Nanoceramic materials are used in various technical fields as structural and functional materials. It is also widely used in medicine. Nanoceramics is harmless, stable and has a great affinity with living organisms. ZrO2-based nanoceramics have a lower elastic modulus than other oxide materials. The specificity of its application lies in high resistance to rupture and thermal shock, in chemical stability at high temperatures. However, it is necessary to solve the problem of increasing the fracture toughness of ZrO2-based ceramic materials. The complex doping of ZrO2 with yttrium and cerium oxides and the use of an Al2O3 additive increase the fracture toughness and decrease the negative effect of materials in a biological environment. In this paper, the main physicochemical properties of ceramic powders and materials of the ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2 – Al2O3 system, synthesized by chemical deposition of inorganic precursors using the sol-gel technology, are considered on the basis of scientific data and experimental studies. The doping of pure zirconium oxide with stabilizing oxides Y2O3, CeO2, and thermal hardening of Al2O3 ensures that the tetragonal structure is maintained at room temperature, which makes it possible to slow down and control the crack resistance of the material under load. The effects of sintering temperature and aluminum oxide content on the microstructure and grain size, as well as the physicomechanical properties of the resulting ceramic material of ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2+1 wt.% Al2O3 and ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2+3 wt.% Al2O3 were studied.

Characterisation of a Gold Nanorod Sol–Gel Utilising Inter-particle Coupling to Yield High Refractive Index Sensitivity

Plasmonics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Philip J. R. Roche ◽  
Maurice Cha-Kiu Cheung ◽  
Sandrine Filion-Côté ◽  
Jonathan Milette ◽  
Timothy Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Gold Nanorod ◽  
Refractive Index Sensitivity ◽  
Index Sensitivity

Preparation of Particulate Core-Shell Metal Oxide-Polymer Nanocomposites by a Sol-Gel Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Kickelbick ◽  
Dieter Holzinger
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Coupling Agents ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Alkoxides ◽  
Silane Coupling Agents ◽  
Grafting From

ABSTRACTTwo general microemulsion-based routes towards surface-functionalized metal oxide nanoparticles serving as macroinitiators in “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), are presented. Metal alkoxides modified with several β-diketone derivatives carrying potential ATRP-initiating sites served as precursors for the particle formation leading in an solgel process to in situ-functionalized titanium-, zirconium-, tantalum-, vanadium-, yttrium-, and iron oxide nanoparticles. The obtained systems were compared with metal oxide nanoparticles prepared by using metal salts as precursors which were functionalized in a second step with ATRP-initiator containing silane coupling agents. The obtained particles had diameters between 5 nm and 640 nm and served as multifunctional polymerization initiators in ATRP using styrene and methyl methacrylate as monomers.

SiO2 and TiO2 Sol-Gel Blends with Tunable Optical and Electronic Properties

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 689-695
Author(s):  
Stephanie Arouh ◽  
Roland Himmelhuber ◽  
Robert A. Norwood
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Tio2 Sol ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Lower Refractive Index

Sol-gel blends are created using a combination of a high refractive index (n∼2.4) TiO2 based sol-gel and a low refractive index (n∼1.5) SiO2 based sol-gel. The blends are prepared with different ratios of sol-gels and films are created using the spin coating method on silicon and ITO-on-glass substrates. The film thickness, refractive index, and dielectric constants of the resulting films are measured using profilometry, prism coupling, and LCR measurements, respectively. Results show that including more SiO2 based sol-gel in the initial mixture creates thicker films ranging from 1-7 μm, but results in lower refractive index and lower dielectric constants. This is consistent with expectations due to SiO2 having a lower refractive index and dielectric constant than titania over a range of wavelengths andfrequencies. The ability to fine tune the properties is explored.

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