Improved Cardiomyocyte Functions of Carbon Nanofiber Cardiac Patches

2012 ◽  
Vol 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Stout ◽  
Emilia Raimondo ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Stimulation System ◽  
Myocardial Tissue Engineering

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present in vitro research was to determine cardiomyocyte functions on poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (50:50 (PLA:PGA); PLGA) with greater amounts of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) using an in vitro electrical stimulation system for myocardial tissue engineering applications. The addition of CNFs can increase the conductivity and strength of pure PLGA. For this reason, different PLGA: CNF ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100 wt%) were created where conductivity and cytocompatibility properties under electrical stimulation with human cardiomyocytes were determined. Results showed that PLGA:CNF materials were conductive and that conductivity increased with greater amounts of PLGA added, from 0 S.m-1 for 100:0 wt% (pure PLGA) to 6.5x10-3 S.m-1 for 0:100 wt% (pure CNFs) materials. Furthermore, results indicated that cardiomyocyte cell density increased with continuous electrical stimulation (rectangular, 2 nm, 5 V/cm, 1 Hz) after 1, 3, and 5 days as well as a slight increase in Troponin I excretion compared to non-electrically stimulated normal cardiomyocyte cell functions. This study, thus, provides an alternative conductive scaffold using nanotechnology which should be further explored for numerous cardiovascular applications.

Poly Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid Carbon Nanofiber Composite for Enhancing Cardiomyocyte Function

2011 ◽  
Vol 1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Stout ◽  
Jennie Yoo ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Nanofiber Composite ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Myocardial Tissue Engineering

ABSTRACTThe objective of the present in vitro research was to determine cardiomyocyte function on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (50:50 (PLA:PGA); PLGA) with greater amounts of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and variations in CNF size, for myocardial tissue engineering applications. The addition of CNFs would increase conductivity and strength of pure PLGA. For this reason, different PLGA: CNF ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100 wt.%) were created and conductivity and cytocompatibility properties with human cardiomyocytes were determined. Results showed that PLGA:CNF materials were conductive and that conductivity increased with greater amounts of PLGA added, from 0 S.m-1 for 100:0 wt.% (pure PLGA) to 5.5x10-3 S.m-1 for 0:100 wt.% (pure CNFs) material. Furthermore, results indicated that cardiomyocyte density increased with greater amounts of CNFs of 200nm in diameter in PLGA (up to 25:75 wt.% , PLGA:CNFs). This study, thus, provided an alternative conductive scaffold using nanotechnology which should be further explored for cardiovascular applications.

Medium perfusion enables engineering of compact and contractile cardiac tissue

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. H507-H516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Radisic ◽  
Liming Yang ◽  
Jan Boublik ◽  
Richard J. Cohen ◽  
Robert Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Excitation Threshold ◽  
Interstitial Flow ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Gap Junctional

We hypothesized that functional constructs with physiological cell densities can be engineered in vitro by mimicking convective-diffusive oxygen transport normally present in vivo. To test this hypothesis, we designed an in vitro culture system that maintains efficient oxygen supply to the cells at all times during cell seeding and construct cultivation and characterized in detail construct metabolism, structure, and function. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes suspended in Matrigel were cultured on collagen sponges at a high initial density (1.35 × 108 cells/cm3) for 7 days with interstitial flow of medium; constructs cultured in orbitally mixed dishes, neonatal rat ventricles, and freshly isolated cardiomyocytes served as controls. Constructs were assessed at timed intervals with respect to cell number, distribution, viability, metabolic activity, cell cycle, presence of contractile proteins (sarcomeric α-actin, troponin I, and tropomyosin), and contractile function in response to electrical stimulation [excitation threshold (ET), maximum capture rate (MCR), response to a gap junctional blocker]. Interstitial flow of culture medium through the central 5-mm-diameter × 1.5-mm-thick region resulted in a physiological density of viable and differentiated, aerobically metabolizing cells, whereas dish culture resulted in constructs with only a 100- to 200-μm-thick surface layer containing viable and differentiated but anaerobically metabolizing cells around an acellular interior. Perfusion resulted in significantly higher numbers of live cells, higher cell viability, and significantly more cells in the S phase compared with dish-grown constructs. In response to electrical stimulation, perfused constructs contracted synchronously, had lower ETs, and recovered their baseline function levels of ET and MCR after treatment with a gap junctional blocker; dish-grown constructs exhibited arrhythmic contractile patterns and failed to recover their baseline MCR levels.

Cell Sheet-Based Vascularized Myocardial Tissue Fabrication

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoe Komae ◽  
Minoru Ono ◽  
Tatsuya Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Cell Sheet ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Cell Sheet Engineering ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Whole Heart

Background: The development of regenerative medicine in recent years has been remarkable as tissue engineering technology and stem cell research have advanced. The ultimate goal of regenerative medicine is to fabricate human organs artificially. If fabricated organs can be transplanted medically, it will be the innovative treatment of diseases for which only donor organ transplantation is the definitive therapeutic method at present. Summary: Our group has reported successful fabrication of thick functional myocardial tissue in vivo and in vitro by using cell sheet engineering technology which requires no scaffolds. Thick myocardial tissue can be fabricated by stacking cardiomyocyte sheets on the vascular bed every 24 h, so that a vascular network can be formed within the myocardial graft. We call this procedure a multi-step transplantation procedure. After human-induced pluripotent stem cells were discovered and human cardiomyocytes became available, a thick, macroscopically pulsate human myocardial tissue was successfully constructed by using a multi-step transplantation procedure. Furthermore, our group succeeded in fabricating functional human myocardial tissue which can generate pressure. Here, we present our way of fabricating human myocardial tissue by means of cell sheet engineering technology. Key Messages: Our group succeeded in fabricating thick, functional human myocardium which can generate pulse pressure. However, there are still a few problems to be solved until clinically functional human cardiac tissue or a whole heart can be fabricated. Research on myocardial regeneration progresses at such a pace that we believe the products of this research will save many lives in the near future.

scholarly journals The impact of in vitro cell culture duration on the maturation of human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of myogenic origin

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1047-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarosław Lewandowski ◽  
Natalia Rozwadowska ◽  
Tomasz J. Kolanowski ◽  
Agnieszka Malcher ◽  
Agnieszka Zimna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Human Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Ventricular Cells ◽  
Culture Duration ◽  
The Impact

Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), poses a challenge for regenerative medicine. iPSC technology might lead to a breakthrough due to the possibility of directed cell differentiation delivering a new powerful source of human autologous cardiomyocytes. One of the factors supporting proper cell maturation is in vitro culture duration. In this study, primary human skeletal muscle myoblasts were selected as a myogenic cell type reservoir for genetic iPSC reprogramming. Skeletal muscle myoblasts have similar ontogeny embryogenetic pathways (myoblasts vs. cardiomyocytes), and thus, a greater chance of myocardial development might be expected, with maintenance of acquired myogenic cardiac cell characteristics, from the differentiation process when iPSCs of myoblastoid origin are obtained. Analyses of cell morphological and structural changes, gene expression (cardiac markers), and functional tests (intracellular calcium transients) performed at two in vitro culture time points spanning the early stages of cardiac development (day 20 versus 40 of cell in vitro culture) confirmed the ability of the obtained myogenic cells to acquire adult features of differentiated cardiomyocytes. Prolonged 40-day iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) revealed progressive cellular hypertrophy; a better-developed contractile apparatus; expression of marker genes similar to human myocardial ventricular cells, including a statistically significant CX43 increase, an MHC isoform switch, and a troponin I isoform transition; more efficient intercellular calcium handling; and a stronger response to β-adrenergic stimulation.

scholarly journals Myocardial Tissue Engineering: In Vitro Models

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. a014076-a014076 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vunjak Novakovic ◽  
T. Eschenhagen ◽  
C. Mummery
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Tissue Engineering

scholarly journals Nanofibrous PEDOT-Carbon Composite on Flexible Probes for Soft Neural Interfacing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
venkata suresh vajrala ◽  
valentin Saunier ◽  
Lionel G Nowak ◽  
Emmanuel Flahaut ◽  
Christian Bergaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Electrochemical Characterizations ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Porous Network

In this study, we report a flexible implantable 4-channel microelectrode probe coated with highly porous and robust nanocomposite of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a solid doping template for high-performance in vivo neuronal recording and stimulation. A simple yet well-controlled deposition strategy was developed via in situ electrochemical polymerization technique to create a porous network of PEDOT and CNFs on a flexible 4-channel gold microelectrode probe. Different morphological and electrochemical characterizations showed that they exhibit remarkable and superior electrochemical properties, yielding microelectrodes combining high surface area, low impedance (16.8 Mohm.micrometer2 at 1 kHz) and elevated charge injection capabilities (7.6 mC/cm2) that exceed those of pure and composite PEDOT layers. In addition, the PEDOT-CNF composite electrode exhibited extended biphasic charge cycle endurance, resulting in a negligible physical delamination or degradation for long periods of electrical stimulation. In vitro testing on mouse brain slices showed that they can record spontaneous oscillatory field potentials as well as single-unit action potentials and allow to safely deliver electrical stimulation for evoking field potentials. The combined superior electrical properties, durability and 3D microstructure topology of the PEDOT-CNF composite electrodes demonstrate outstanding potential for developing future neural surface interfacing applications

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document