Development of simplified biofilm sorption and diffusion experiment method using Bacillus sp. isolated from Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory

ABSTRACTWe developed a simplified biofilm sorption and diffusion experiment method. The biofilms of the Bacillus cereus were incubated on cellulose acetate membrane filters (pore size 0.2 µm, diameter 47 mm) placed on thick NB broth agar medium (thickness was about 30 mm) to support sufficient biofilm growth of the Bacillus cereus. The thickness of the formed biofilms was about 1 mm. The formed biofilms were applied to through-diffusion method, which has been used to measure diffusion coefficient of crystalline and sedimentary rocks and clay minerals. The obtained copper sorption coefficient by batch experiments was about 100 ml/g (wet weight) at the case of the concentration of cupper ion was over 0.074mmol/L. And diffusion coefficients by through diffusion experiment was De=1.1 x 10-10 (m2/s). From these results, this simplified biofilm sorption and diffusion experiment may make possible to obtain these parameters with ease.

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A comparative study on sorption and diffusion of Cs in crushed argillite and granite investigated in batch and through-diffusion experiment

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s10967-016-5010-3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 311 (2) ◽

pp. 1155-1162

Author(s):

Chuan-Pin Lee ◽

Shih-Chin Tsai ◽

Ming-Chee Wu ◽

Tsuey-Lin Tsai ◽

Yu-Lin Tu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Diffusion Experiment ◽

Through Diffusion ◽

And Diffusion

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Doping of Mn2+ into Aqueous ZnSe Nanocrystals with Pure Dopant Emission through a Light-Induced Electrostatic Attraction and Diffusion Method

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c09023 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Desong Guo ◽

Shuhong Xu ◽

Chunlei Wang ◽

Zhiliang Wang ◽

Haihong Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

And Diffusion ◽

Znse Nanocrystals

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Measurement on Diffusion Coefficients and Isotope Fractionation Factors by a Through-Diffusion Experiment

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11020208 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 208

Author(s):

Takuma Hasegawa ◽

Kotaro Nakata ◽

Rhys Gwynne

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Flow ◽

Diffusion Coefficients ◽

Isotope Fractionation ◽

Free Water ◽

Effective Porosity ◽

Diffusion Experiment ◽

Fractionation Factor ◽

Through Diffusion ◽

Geological Formations ◽

Fractionation Factors

For radioactive waste disposal, it is important that local groundwater flow is slow as groundwater flow is the main transport medium for radioactive nuclides in geological formations. When the groundwater flow is very slow, diffusion is the dominant transport mechanism (diffusion-dominant domain). Key pieces of evidence indicating a diffusion-dominant domain are the separation of components and the fractionation of isotopes by diffusion. To prove this, it is necessary to investigate the different diffusion coefficients for each component and the related stable isotope fractionation factors. Thus, in this study, through-diffusion and effective-porosity experiments were conducted on selected artificial materials and natural rocks. We also undertook measurements relating to the isotope fractionation factors of Cl and Br isotopes for natural samples. For natural rock samples, the diffusion coefficients of water isotopes (HDO and H218O) were three to four times higher than those of monovalent anions (Cl−, Br- and NO3−), and the isotope fractionation factor of 37Cl (1.0017–1.0021) was slightly higher than that of free water. It was experimentally confirmed that the isotope fractionation factor of 81Br was approximately 1.0007–1.0010, which is equivalent to that of free water. The enrichment factor of 81Br was almost half that of 37Cl. The effective porosity ratios of HDO and Cl were slightly different, but the difference was not significant compared to the ratio of their diffusion coefficients. As a result, component separation was dominated by diffusion. For artificial samples, the diffusion coefficients and effective porosities of HDO and Cl were almost the same; it was thus difficult to assess the component separation by diffusion. However, isotope fractionation of Cl and Br was confirmed using a through-diffusion experiment. The results show that HDO and Cl separation and isotope fractionation of Cl and Br can be expected in diffusion-dominant domains in geological formations.

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Ciprofloxacin-loaded alginate/poly (vinyl alcohol)/gelatin electrospun nanofiber mats as antibacterial wound dressings

Journal of Industrial Textiles ◽

10.1177/1528083721997466 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 152808372199746

Author(s):

Tittaya Thairin ◽

Patcharaporn Wutticharoenmongkol

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Burst Release ◽

Electrospun Nanofiber ◽

Total Immersion ◽

Water Swelling ◽

Nanofiber Mats ◽

And Diffusion

Herein, ciprofloxacin (CIP)-loaded alginate/poly (vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (SPG) (CIP–SPG) nanofiber mats were successfully fabricated by electrospinning. The average fiber diameters of the mats before and after crosslinking were in the range of 190–260 and 385–484 nm, respectively. The chemical integrity of CIP remained intact after encapsulation into the mats. The degree of weight loss and water swelling decreased with an increase in the gelatin content of the electrospun nanofiber mats. A release study was carried out by total immersion and diffusion methods using phosphate buffer as a release medium. Burst release of CIP was observed in case of the total immersion method, while a more sustained release was observed in case of the diffusion method. The maximum amounts of CIP released during total immersion and diffusion were in the range of 70–90% and 72–85%, respectively. For both the total immersion and diffusion methods, the released amounts of CIP decreased and the release slowed down with an increase in the gelatin content; this result is consistent with the weight loss and water swelling values. The Young’s modulus increased, while the tensile strength and strain at break decreased with an increase in the gelatin content. The CIP–SPG nanofiber mats were slightly toxic to L929 mouse fibroblasts as evaluated by indirect cytotoxicity assay. The electrospun CIP–SPG nanofiber mats exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results reveal that the electrospun CIP–SPG nanofiber mats are potentially promising materials for wound healing applications.

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Sm/sub 2/Fe/sub 17/N/sub 3/ magnet powder made by using reduction and diffusion method

IEEE International Magnetics Conference ◽

10.1109/intmag.1999.837692 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

A. Kawamoto ◽

T. Ishikawa ◽

S. Yasuda ◽

K. Takeya ◽

K. Ishizaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Method ◽

And Diffusion

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Determination of sorption and diffusion parameters of 99Tc in crushed granite using through-diffusion experiments

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s10967-016-4986-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 311 (2) ◽

pp. 1111-1116 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yu-Hung Shih ◽

Tsuey-Lin Tsai ◽

Liang-Cheng Chen ◽

Te-Yen Su ◽

Chuan-Pin Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Parameters ◽

Crushed Granite ◽

Through Diffusion ◽

And Diffusion

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Sm/sub 2/Fe/sub 17/N/sub 3/ magnet powder made by reduction and diffusion method

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics ◽

10.1109/20.800512 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 3322-3324 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

A. Kawamoto ◽

T. Ishikawa ◽

S. Yasuda ◽

K. Takeya ◽

K. Ishizaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Method ◽

And Diffusion

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Effect of density-driven flow on the through-diffusion experiment

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.02.006 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 106 (3-4) ◽

pp. 166-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yusuke Kirino ◽

Tadashi Yokoyama ◽

Tetsuro Hirono ◽

Takashi Nakajima ◽

Satoru Nakashima

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Experiment ◽

Density Driven Flow ◽

Through Diffusion

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REPRO: Through Diffusion Experiment (TDE) - Diffusion and Porosity Properties of Rock Matrix in Stress Field of Repository Level

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-74 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kalle Rahkola ◽

Antti Poteri ◽

Lasse Koskinen ◽

Peter Andersson ◽

Kersti Nilsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Field ◽

Performance Assessment ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽

Diffusion Experiment ◽

Spent Fuel ◽

Tracer Transport ◽

Rock Matrix ◽

Safety Case ◽

Through Diffusion

Radionuclides usually migrate slower than the flowing water due to sorption and matrix diffusion. The performance assessment assumes that retention takes place mostly in the vicinity of the deposition holes. REPRO (REtention Properties of ROck matrix) experiments analyzed the matrix retention properties of the rock matrix under realistic conditions deep in the bedrock in ONKALO underground characterization facility at Olkiluoto, Finland. The objective was to investigate tracer transport in the rock matrix, which was representative to the near-field of the final disposal repository of the spent nuclear fuel, and to demonstrate that the assumptions made in the safety case of the deep geological spent fuel repository were in line with site evidence.REPRO is composed of several supporting laboratory and in-situ experiments which investigate the retention properties under different experimental configurations. The first in-situ experiments were water phase diffusion experiments performed 2012-2013. Through Diffusion Experiment (TDE) studies diffusion and porosity properties of rock matrix in stress field of repository level and sorption properties of nuclides in intact rock circumstances.The TDE experiment has been performed in three parallel drillholes drilled near to each other. Breakthrough of the radioactive tracer is monitored with on-line measurements and samplings along and perpendicular to the foliation. The non-sorbing radioactive isotope traces of HTO and 36Cl, as well as slightly sorbing 22Na and strongly sorbing 133Ba and 134Cs were used. TDE was designed to control advective flow, as it had caused problems in previous in-situ tests.Supporting laboratory studies were performed for drillcore samples sampled from the experimental drillholes. In these laboratory experiments, i.e. porosity, permeability and diffusion coefficients of the drillcores were determined using different methods.The TDE experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2019. A breakthrough was seen in the timeframe predicted by scoping calculations carried out. REPRO has produced data and knowledge to the safety case and the performance assessment. According to the preliminary results, values measured in the laboratory are applicable also in larger scale and in-situ conditions.

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