Aqueous Phase Diffusion in Crystalline Rock

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Bradbury ◽  
D. Lever ◽  
D. Kinsey
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Fracture Networks ◽  
Phase Diffusion ◽  
Main Factors

One of the options being considered for the disposal of radioactive waste is deep burial in crystalline rocks such as granite. It is generally recognised that in such rocks groundwater flows mainly through the fracture networks so that these will be the “highways” for the return of radionuclides to the biosphere. The main factors retarding the radionuclide transport have been considered to be the slow water movement in the fissures over the long distances involved together with sorption both in man-made barriers surrounding the waste, and onto rock surfaces and degradation products in the fissures.

Flow and Tracer Experiments in Crystalline Rocks: Results from Several Swedish in Situ Experiments

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Abelin ◽  
L. Birgersson ◽  
J. Gidlund ◽  
L. Moreno ◽  
I. Neretnieks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Flow And Transport ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Tracer Experiments

In a final repository for radioactive waste in crystalline rock, water flowing in the fractures may transport the radionuclides eventually leached from the waste. To be able to predict the migration of the radionuclides the processes involved must be understood. To quantify the processes, data from flow and transport in real fractures under realistic conditions are needed. Models used for prediction must include descriptions of the important processes and mechanisms.

Altered Crystalline Rock Distributed Along Groundwater Conductive Fractures and the Retardation Capacity in the Orogenic Field of Japan

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Yoshida ◽  
Shoji Nishimoto ◽  
Richard Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Level ◽  
A Site ◽  
Accessible Porosity

In the orogenic field Japanese islands, there are wide areas of crystalline rocks that inevitably contain groundwater conductive fractures associated with alteration zones. However, little attention has been given to the formation process and possible influence on the radionuclides migration from radioactive waste repository that might be sited within crystalline rock. In particular, the influences of alteration minerals and microfractures, due to chemical sorption and/or physical retardation are required to assess the realistic barrier function. In order to understand the alteration process and the retardation capacity, detailed mineralogical and physico-chemical characterization of altered crystalline rocks have been carried out. Mineralogical analysis reveals that the altered crystalline rocks have been formed through basically two stages of water-rock interaction during and after uplift. Physico-chemical characteristics including laboratory sorption experiments show that altered crystalline rock has a certain volume of accessible porosity, particularly in plagioclase grains, which would influence on nuclide retardation more than the accessible porosity in other minerals present, such as biotite. These results provide confidence that even altered and fractured parts of any crystalline rock that might be encountered in a site for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste may still play a role of barrier function.

Engineered Components for Spent Fuel Radioactive Waste Isolation Systems—are They Technically Justified?

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Burkholder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Spent Fuel ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Waste Forms ◽  
Isolation Systems

In response to draft radioactive waste disposal standards, R&D programs have been initiated in the United States which are aimed at developing and ultimately using radionuclide transport-delaying (e.g., long-lived waste containers) and radionuclide transport-controlling (e.g., very low release rate waste forms) engineered components as part of the isolation system. Before these programs proceed significantly, it seems prudent to evaluate the technical justification for development and use of sophisticated engineered components in radioactive waste isolation.

System for high-level radioactive waste using microchannel chip — extraction behavior of metal ions from aqueous phase to organic phase in microchannel

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyasu Hotokezaka ◽  
Manabu Tokeshi ◽  
Masayuki Harada ◽  
Takehiko Kitamori ◽  
Yasuhisa Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Extraction Behavior ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals About this title - Multiple Roles of Clays in Radioactive Waste Confinement

10.1144/sp482 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 482 (1) ◽  
pp. NP-NP
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Special Publication ◽  
Sealing Capacity ◽  
Engineered Barriers

This Special Publication highlights the importance of clays and clayey material, and their multiple roles, in many national geological disposal facilities for higher activity radioactive wastes. Clays can be both the disposal facility host rock and part of its intrinsic engineered barriers, and may be present in the surrounding geological environment. Clays possess various characteristics that make them high-quality barriers to the migration of radionuclides and chemical contaminants, e.g. very little water movement, diffusive transport, retention capacity, self-sealing capacity, stability over millions of years, homogeneity and lateral continuity.The 20 papers presented in this Special Publication cover a range of topics related to clays in radioactive waste confinement. Aspects of clay characterization and behaviour at various temporal and spatial scales relevant to the confinement of radionuclides in clay are discussed, from phenomenological processes to the overall understanding of the performance and safety of geological disposal facilities.

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