Surface Chemical Modification and Analysis of Carbon Fibers - The Key to Novel Composites

1992 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M.A. Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Plasma Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Surface Chemical Modification

ABSTRACTCarbon fibers are finding increasing application in making various composites with special properties. It is found that such composites have properties that can be markedly effected by the carbon fiber surface. The effects of surface modification by electrochemical and plasma oxidation is discussed and the surface chemical changes described. The interaction of the matrix with the fiber surface is a subtle mixture of physical and chemical effects. The paper discusses work in the author's laboratory using surface studies with core and valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and other techniques.

Investigation of Carbon Fiber/Polyphenylenesulfone Composites by Method of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Z.K. Kalazhokov ◽  
A.V. Naumkin ◽  
Azamat Zhansitov ◽  
S.Yu. Khashirova ◽  
K.H. Kalazhokov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bulk Part

The surfaces of polyphenylenesulfone samples with the addition of carbon fibers were studied by X-ray photoelectron and Auger-electron spectroscopy. The state of carbon atoms on the surface, the electronic structure, and the distribution of carbon fibers in the surface region as a function of the concentration of the additive were studied. It is shown that with 10 mass. % carbon fiber addition, the transformation of peaks is mainly associated with an increase in the number of carboxyl groups in the matrix, while with a carbon content exceeding 10 mass. %, the increasing role of differential vertical charging becomes the dominant factor. A further increase in the carbon fiber concentration leads to an increase in the conductivity of the bulk part and, consequently, to a decrease in the charge layer without carbon fiber, and therefore, to a decrease in the broadening effect of the C 1s carbon peak.

Enhanced Chemical Bonding at the Fiber-Matrix Interphase in Microwave Processed Composites

1990 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Drzal ◽  
K. J. Hook ◽  
R. K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Carbon Fiber Surface

ABSTRACTThe effect of microwave processing on the chemical interactions occurring between the carbon fiber surface and the epoxy matrix constituents was investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Monofunctional model compounds of the matrix constituents were exposed to the carbon fibers at temperatures similar to those encountered during composite processing. The microwave treatment resulted in a substantial increase in the amount of chemical interaction between the fiber surface and the epoxy resin but little difference for the amine component of the matrix when compared to thermal processing. An epoxy resin/amine hardener adduct compound used to determine the hydroxyl group interaction with the carbon fiber surface indicated a low level of chemical interaction of the hydroxyl with the carbon fiber surface under the conditions used in this study.

The Effects of Fiber Surface Treatments by a Cold Plasma in Carbon Fiber/Bismaleinide Composites

1989 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao C. Chang ◽  
B. Z. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adhesion Promotion ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractThe effects of plasma treatments on the physical and chemical characteristics of carbon fiber surface and on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/bismaleimide (BMI) resin composites were investigated. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and wettability measurements were applied for fiber surface characterization. Oxygen plasmas were found to be effective in enhancing the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and BMI matrix. Possible mechanisms of interfacial adhesion promotion were suggested and discussed.

Argon Plasma Induced Surface Modifications For Resistless Patterning Of Aluminium Films

1991 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Agrawal ◽  
R. D. Tarey ◽  
K. L. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Etch Rate ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Plasma Exposure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminium Fluoride ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Plasma Exposure Time ◽  
Surface Chemical Modification

ABSTRACTArgon plasma exposure has been used to induce surface chemical modification of aluminium thin films, causing a drastic change in etch rate in standard HNO3/CH3COOH/H3PO4 etchant. The inhibition period was found to increase with power and Ar plasma exposure time. Auger electron and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies have indicated formation of an aluminium fluoride (AlF3) surface layer due to fluorine contamination originating from the residue left in the plasma chamber during CF4 processing. The high etch selectivity between unexposed and argon plasma exposed regions has been exploited as a new technique for resistless patterning of aluminium.

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