Electronic Access to Factual Materials Information: The State of the Art

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Westbrook ◽  
J.G. Kaufman ◽  
F. Cverna
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
End User ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Property Data ◽  
On Line ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
Access To Data

Over the past 30 years we have seen a strong but uncoordinated effort to both increase the availability of numeric materials-property data in electronic media and to make the resultant mass of data more readily accessible and searchable for the end-user engineer. The end user is best able to formulate the question and to judge the utility of the answer for numeric property data inquiries, in contrast to textual or bibliographic data for which information specialists can expeditiously carry out searches.Despite the best efforts of several major programs, there remains a shortfall with respect to comprehensiveness and a gap between the goal of easy access to all the world's numeric databases and what can presently be achieved. The task has proven thornier and therefore much more costly than anyone envisioned, and computer access to data for materials scientists and engineers is still inadequate compared, for example, to the situation for molecular biologists or astronomers. However, progress has been made. More than 100 materials databases are listed and categorized by Wawrousek et al. that address several types of applications including: fundamental research, materials selection, component design, process control, materials identification and equivalency, expert systems, and education. Standardization is improving and access has been made more easy.In the discussion that follows, we will examine several characteristics of available information and delivery systems to assess their impact on the successes and limitations of the available products. The discussion will include the types and uses of the data, issues around data reliability and quality, the various formats in which data need to be accessed, and the various media available for delivery. Then we will focus on the state of the art by giving examples of the three major media through which broad electronic access to numeric properties has emerged: on-line systems, workstations, and disks, both floppy and CD-ROM. We will also cite some resources of where to look for numeric property data.

scholarly journals On-Line Visual Tracking with Occlusion Handling

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tharindu Rathnayake ◽  
Amirali Khodadadian Gostar ◽  
Reza Hoseinnezhad ◽  
Ruwan Tennakoon ◽  
Alireza Bab-Hadiashar
Keyword(s):  
Target Tracking ◽  
Visual Tracking ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Occlusion Handling ◽  
Art Methods ◽  
Multi Target Tracking ◽  
Motion Features ◽  
On Line ◽  
Tracking Point

One of the core challenges in visual multi-target tracking is occlusion. This is especially important in applications such as video surveillance and sports analytics. While offline batch processing algorithms can utilise future measurements to handle occlusion effectively, online algorithms have to rely on current and past measurements only. As such, it is markedly more challenging to handle occlusion in online applications. To address this problem, we propagate information over time in a way that it generates a sense of déjà vu when similar visual and motion features are observed. To achieve this, we extend the Generalized Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter, originally designed for tracking point-sized targets, to be used in visual multi-target tracking. The proposed algorithm includes a novel false alarm detection/removal and label recovery methods capable of reliably recovering tracks that are even lost for a substantial period of time. We compare the performance of the proposed method with the state-of-the-art methods in challenging datasets using standard visual tracking metrics. Our comparisons show that the proposed method performs favourably compared to the state-of-the-art methods, particularly in terms of ID switches and fragmentation metrics which signifies occlusion.

scholarly journals The state of the art in end-user software engineering

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Ko ◽  
Robin Abraham ◽  
Laura Beckwith ◽  
Alan Blackwell ◽  
Margaret Burnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
End User

ANALYZING THE REAL-TIME PROPERTIES OF A U.S. NAVY SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEM

2001 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 301-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVE GODDARD ◽  
KEVIN JEFFAY
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Processing System ◽  
The State ◽  
Signal Processing System ◽  
Processing Application ◽  
The Real ◽  
On Line

The state of the art in verifying the real-time requirements of applications developed using general processing graph models relies on simulation or off-line scheduling. We extend the state of the art by presenting analytical methods that support the analysis of cyclic processing graphs executed with on-line schedulers. We show that it is possible to compute the latency inherent in a processing graph independent of the hardware hosting the application. We also show how to compute the real-time execution rate of each node in the graph. Using the execution rate of each node and the time it takes per execution on a given processor, the resulting CPU utilization can be computed, as shown here for the Directed Low Frequency Analysis and Recording (DIFAR) acoustic signal processing application from the Airborne Low Frequency Sonar (ALFS) system of the SH-60B LAMPS MK III anti-submarine helicopter.

Nonlinear Observers—A State-of-the-Art Survey

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Misawa ◽  
J. K. Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Nonlinear Observers ◽  
Perfect Model ◽  
State Estimators ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nonlinear State

The state-of-the-art of nonlinear state estimators or “observers” is reviewed. The use of these observers in real time nonlinear compensators is evaluated in terms of their on-line computational requirements. Their robustness properties are evaluated in terms of the extent to which the design requires a “perfect” model.

scholarly journals Automatic TV Logo Identification for Advertisement Detection without Prior Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7494
Author(s):  
Pedro Carvalho ◽  
Américo Pereira ◽  
Paula Viana
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
End User ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
Tv Broadcasting

Advertisements are often inserted in multimedia content, and this is particularly relevant in TV broadcasting as they have a key financial role. In this context, the flexible and efficient processing of TV content to identify advertisement segments is highly desirable as it can benefit different actors, including the broadcaster, the contracting company, and the end user. In this context, detecting the presence of the channel logo has been seen in the state-of-the-art as a good indicator. However, the difficulty of this challenging process increases as less prior data is available to help reduce uncertainty. As a result, the literature proposals that achieve the best results typically rely on prior knowledge or pre-existent databases. This paper proposes a flexible method for processing TV broadcasting content aiming at detecting channel logos, and consequently advertising segments, without using prior data about the channel or content. The final goal is to enable stream segmentation identifying advertisement slices. The proposed method was assessed over available state-of-the-art datasets as well as additional and more challenging stream captures. Results show that the proposed method surpasses the state-of-the-art.

scholarly journals Future Open Mobile Services

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Do Van Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Mobile Service ◽  
Mobile System ◽  
End User ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Data Services

The major barriers for the success of mobile data services are the lack of comprehensible mobile service architectures, their confusing business models and the complexity combined with the inconsistency of the technology enablers. This paper attempts to present a more structured and comprehensive analysis of the current mobile service architectures and their technology enablers. The paper starts with a thorough study of the evolution of mobile services and their business models, and a collection of expectations of the different actors, including the end-user. Next, starting from the original mobile services architecture and environment, an attempt to place the different technology enablers in relation to each other and in relation to their position in the mobile system, will be carried out. Each technology enabler together with their contribution in the enhancement of mobile services are then summarised in a complete and comprehensive way. The paper concludes with a recapitulation of the achievement of the state-of-the-art technology enablers and an identification of future improvements.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic as the call for the economic competition (The state-of-the-art review of measures of rapid response of antimonopoly regulators in the spring of 2020)

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
I. V. Knyazeva
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The State ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Competition ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
On Line

In this article, the author presents an operational summary and analysis of the most important decisions made by competition agencies in the short-term period of the COVID-19 pandemic (march—may 2020) and aimed at ensuring the functioning of markets and maintaining competition, as well as expert opinions of some analysts on the facts of the decisions made. The main approaches that are presented on the on-line platforms of the Organization for economic cooperation and development, the European Commission, the site CONCURRENCES: Antitrust Publication & Events, as well as materials of the FAS of Russia on taking operational measures to counter COVID-19 are described.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

Hypothesis-Evidence Coordination: The State of the Art

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Amsel
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State
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