Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Carica papaya on some Enteric Bacterial Isolates of Public Health Importance

Carica papaya commonly known as paw paw belongs to the family of Curcubitaceae and commonly grown in tropical regions. It possesses antimicrobial, antihelmintic and antioxidant properties. The study assessed the antibacterial potency of Carica papaya against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Acetone and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Carica papaya were obtained using standard methods. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was done using agar well diffusion methods. The Minimum inhibitory and Minimum bactericidal concentrations were done using standard procedures. The antibacterial activities of the crude extracts of Carica papaya against the test organisms revealed that acetone extract showed maximum zone of inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 17.90±0.10mm at 500 mg/ml and the lowest inhibitory effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae with a zone of 6.50±0.50mm at 100 mg/ml, the aqueous extract showed maximum zone of inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 15.50±0.50mm at 500 mg/ml and the lowest zone of inhibition was on Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 6.50±0.50mm at 100 g/ml. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of acetone and aqueous extract was 40 mg/ml and 50mg/ml against Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of the extracts ranges from 40-60mg/ml. The qualitative phytochemical screening result revealed the presence of tannins, saponnin, alkaloids and steroid. The quantitative phytochemicals revealed 0.70% of flavonoids, 0.48% of alkaloids, 1.02% of tannin, 0.11% of steroids and 1.08% of glycoside. The result obtained revealed that crude extracts of Carica papaya leaves has antibacterial activities against the test organisms. Keywords: Carica papaya, Phytochemical screening, Pathogens, Antibacterial activity

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Spatial Distribution of Bacterial Isolates from Different Abattoirs in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/jamb/2019/v19i430201 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Azuonwu Testimonies Chikanka ◽

David N. Ogbonna

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Faecal Matter ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Service Water ◽

Public Health Challenge ◽

Microbial Proliferation

The constituents of wastes generated from abattoir activities create conducive environment for microbial proliferation, most of which are pathogenic. Infections caused by these microorganisms could result to zoonoses. This study was to determine the distribution of bacterial isolates and their biomass from different abattoirs in Port Harcourt. Samples like waste blood, table swab, service water, faecal matter, soil and wastewater from abattoirs in Iwofe, Rumuodomaya and Trans-Amadi were collected from October 2017 to November, 2018 and analysed using standard microbiological procedures. Results obtained revealed that the total heterotrophic bacterial count of blood samples ranged from 8.33x101 to 3.33x102 cfu/ml for Trans-Amadi and Iwofe abattoirs, table swabs ranged from 6.74x104 to 4.88x106 cfu/ml, water samples ranged from 1.56x104 to 2.07x104 cfu/ml; faecal matter had THB counts ranging from 9.97x107 to 1.06x108 cfu/g; and soil samples ranged from 1.11x1010 to 1.17x1010 g, while wastewater counts ranged from 1.03x108 to 1.08x108 cfu/ml. The predominant Bacterial isolates were of the genera Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Serratia, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella, Escherichia and Chromobacterium, Serratia sp. only was isolated from Iwofe and Rumuodomaya abattoirs within April to October while Chromobacterium sp. was isolated in Trans-Amadi and Rumuodomaya abattoirs within the months of May to October. Among the isolates, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species occurred more compared to others in all the three locations. A higher percentage of microorganisms were recorded in the month of May compared to other months. It is presumed that abattoir wastes harbour many microorganisms of public health importance. The occurrence of these microbes, most of which are enteric pathogens, poses a public health challenge as infections by them could result in illnesses such as gastroenteritis, septicaemia and pneumonia especially in the absence of good hygiene around abattoirs. Proper sanitation in abattoirs as well as management of abattoir wastes is important in reducing the spread of these microorganisms.

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IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANISOPUS MANNII AND LEPTADENIA HASTATA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL AGAINST BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM DIABETIC WOUND

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-601 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

Sakina B. Sani ◽

B. M. Usman ◽

M. Hayatu ◽

A. Y. Hardiyya ◽

A. Bilkisu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Diabetic Wound ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Toxicological Effect ◽

Diabetic Wound Healing ◽

Healing Property

Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii – are perennial plants of family Asclepiadaceae. They are widely distributed in West Africa and are locally used as anti-diabetic agents in Northern Nigeria. This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical constituent and antibacterial activity of the crude ethanol extract of the Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii against some bacterial isolates from diabetic wound. The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocol and antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion method followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on the plant extract that showed activity. Result of phytochemical screening reveals the present of tannins, phenols, flavonols, saponins, and alkaloids in all the plants extract except in Anisopus mannii where alkaloid is absent. Also, result from antibacterial activity of leptadenia hastata demonstrated inhibition zones ranging from 11.5±0.71 to 20.0±0.00 at various concentrations (8mg/ml and 4mg/ml) against the tested organisms (Citrobacter specie, E.coli, Proteus vulgaris.) with MIC and MBC values ranging from 2mg/ml-8mg/ml. Hence, the ethanol extract of Leptadenia hastata can be considered as new therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic wound infection. Further studies need to be carried out to investigate toxicological effect and diabetic wound healing property of the plant.

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Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Cybopogon citrates Extracts against Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates

Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.4314/bajopas.v4i2.8 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

M Yusha’u ◽

NS Garba ◽

BB Abubakar ◽

HI Muktar

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Isolates

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Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Cola nitida seed on selected bacterial isolates

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 001-007

Author(s):

Dantani Dauda Odonye͙͙͙͙͙ ◽

Peter Uteh Upla ◽

Adegbe Lucy Ladi ◽

Enoch Peter Odonye ◽

Abisabo Adamu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Zones Of Inhibition ◽

Cola Nitida

Kola nut (Cola nitida) is chewed in many West African cultures and it is used ceremonially, industrially, medicinally and economically. The aim of this study was to assess the phytochemical properties and antibacterial activity of Cola nitida seeds. The seeds were purchased, dried and then powdered for phytochemical screening and extraction. Ethanol and aqueous (hot water) extracts were used for this study. The antibacterial activity of each extract at 30 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml was tested on four bacterial isolates; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. The results revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals such as alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. The zones of inhibition ranged from 0.0 mm to 28.0 mm for both concentrations of the ethanol extract and from 0.0 mm to 31.0 mm for both concentrations of the aqueous extract. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ranged from 7.5 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the ethanol extract and 3.75 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. No minimum bactericidal concentration was recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on the data showed that there were significant differences in the zones of inhibition for each concentration of the extracts (P<0.05). The purified extract of Cola nitida seeds can be used to treat infections caused by these selected bacterial species.

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