scholarly journals Controversial technologies in intramedullary osteosynthesis of rats femur fractures

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Asif Mansyrov ◽  
Viktor Lytovchenko ◽  
Yevgeniy Garyachiy ◽  
Andriy Lytovchenko ◽  
Olena Miroshnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Diaphyseal Fracture ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Intramedullary Osteosynthesis ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Osteoclastic Resorption ◽  
Controversial Technologies ◽  
Nail Osteosynthesis ◽  
Excessive Activation ◽  
Significant Activation

The aim: to conduct a comparative study of osteoreparative regeneration, namely in the periosteal and intermediate areas of the cortex, during intramedullary osteosynthesis of the femur of rats with and without reaming of the bone marrow canal. Materials and methods. The work is based on the results of an experimental study conducted on 56 white mature laboratory rats, which simulated diaphyseal fracture of the femur and performed stable nail osteosynthesis with reaming of the bone marrow canal in the first series and without reaming in the second series of the experiment. Histological examination of the specimens was performed on the 7th, 14th, 28th and 90th day after surgery. Results. The procedure of reaming the bone marrow canal reduces the potential reparative capacity of bone tissue in the endosteal area and leads to “distorted” activation of the process of the cortex restructuring. There is a significant activation of osteoclastic resorption. Conclusions. Bone fusion is more active with the use of intramedullary fixator without reaming of the bone marrow canal, because its reaming reduces the manifestations of reparative potentials in the endosteal region and leads to excessive activation of the resorptive process of restructuring the cortex of both endosteal and central part

scholarly journals Excessive activation of NMDA receptor inhibits the protective effect of endogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on promoting alveolarization in bronchopulmonary dysplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (6) ◽  
pp. C815-C827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinyan Yue ◽  
Ziqiang Luo ◽  
Zhengchang Liao ◽  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Bone Marrow Mscs ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Intrauterine Hypoxia ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Cycling ◽  
Excessive Activation

We studied the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in our established model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) induced by intrauterine hypoxia in the rat. First, we found that intrauterine hypoxia can reduce the number of MSCs in lungs and bone marrow of rat neonates, whereas the administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor or busulfan to either motivate or inhibit bone marrow MSCs to lungs altered lung development. Next, in vivo experiments, we confirmed that intrauterine hypoxia also impaired bone marrow MSC proliferation and decreased cell cycling activity. In vitro, by using the cultured bone marrow MSCs, the proliferation and the cell cycling activity of MSCs were also reduced when N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) was used as an NMDA receptor (NMDAR) agonist. When MK-801 or memantine as NMDAR antagonists in vitro or in vivo was used, the reduction of cell cycling activity and proliferation were partially reversed. Furthermore, we found that intrauterine hypoxia could enhance the concentration of glutamate, an amino acid that can activate NMDAR, in the bone marrow of neonates. Finally, we confirmed that the increased concentration of TNF-ɑ in the bone marrow of neonatal rats after intrauterine hypoxia induced the release of glutamate and reduced the cell cycling activity of MSCs, and the latter could be partially reversed by MK-801. In summary, intrauterine hypoxia could decrease the number of bone marrow MSCs that could affect lung development and lung function through excessive activation of NMDAR that is partially caused by TNF-ɑ.

scholarly journals TITANIUM ELASTIC NAIL - COMPLICATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF PAEDIATRIC DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURE OF FEMUR§

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saikat Sarkar ◽  
Ranadeb Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Arindam Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Shaft ◽  
Shaft Fracture ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
Diaphyseal Fracture ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Superficial Infection ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Titanium Elastic Nailing ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Proximal Migration

Background: Femoral shaft fracture is the most common major paediatric orthopaedic. For generations traction and casting was the standard treatment for all femoral shaft fractures in children. Over the past two decades the advantages of fixation and rapid mobilisation have been increasingly recognised. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in five private hospitals in the district of Bankura, West Bengal over a period of two years (April 2010 to March 2012) on 70 patients with closed shaft femur fractures between 6- 14 years age of either sex. The aim was to find out the short term complications of titanium elastic nailing in diaphyseal fracture of femur in children and compare the findings of this study with pre- existing studies in this field. Results: In our study the most common complication was pain at nail entry site (60%). 5.71% had local inflammatory reaction due to nails. Superficial infection occurred in 2.85%. At the end of 1 year, 2.85% had limb length discripancies. Proximal migration occurred in 2.85%. 2.85% encountered acute reactive synovitis, 5.71% developed angulation of fracture site and 2.85% developed per operative breakage of nail. Conclusion: The treatment of paediatric shaft femur fracture has been drastically changed over the last two decades to internal fixation by elastically stable intra- medullary nail (ESIN). In our study, we encountered only a few complications most of them being minor. Most of the complications were surgical technique related and were seen at the initial phase of the learning curve.

scholarly journals Cranial bone flap resorption—pathological features and their implications for clinical treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Göttsche ◽  
Klaus C. Mende ◽  
Anastasia Schram ◽  
Manfred Westphal ◽  
Michael Amling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Flap ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Osteoblastic Activity ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Bone Flap Resorption ◽  
Osteoclastic Resorption ◽  
Underlying Processes

Abstract Cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy (DC) has a primary complication when using the autologous bone: aseptic bone resorption (ABR). So far, risk factors such as age, number of fragments, and hydrocephalus have been identified but a thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology is still missing. The aim of this osteopathological investigation was to gain a better understanding of the underlying processes. Clinical data of patients who underwent surgical revision due to ABR was collected. Demographics, the time interval between craniectomy and cranioplasty, and endocrine serum parameters affecting bone metabolism were collected. Removed specimens underwent qualitative and quantitative histological examination. Two grafts without ABR were examined as controls. Compared to the controls, the typical layering of the cortical and cancellous bone was largely eliminated in the grafts. Histological investigations revealed the coexistence of osteolytic and osteoblastic activity within the necrosis. Bone appositions were distributed over the entire graft area. Remaining marrow spaces were predominantly fibrotic or necrotic. In areas with marrow cavity fibrosis, hardly any new bone tissue was found in the adjacent bone, while there were increased signs of osteoclastic resorption. Insufficient reintegration of the flap may be due to residual fatty bone marrow contained in the bone flap which seems to act as a barrier for osteogenesis. This may obstruct the reorganization of the bone structure, inducing aseptic bone necrosis. Following a path already taken in orthopedic surgery, thorough lavage of the implant to remove the bone marrow may be a possibility, but will need further investigation.

Nail Osteosynthesis of Distal Femur Fractures

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Steve Borland ◽  
Jeremy Hall ◽  
Aaron Nauth
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Nail Osteosynthesis

auto-dynamic intramedullary osteosynthesis for femur fractures and consequences of injuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
P.P. ZUEV ◽  
YU.A. BARABASH ◽  
I.A. NORKIN ◽  
D.V. IVANOV ◽  
O.A. KAUTS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Testing ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Intramedullary Osteosynthesis ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Intramedullary Rod

The assessment of clinical testing results of the new intramedullary rod which design features neutralize the disadvantages of conventional blocking devices.

Intramedullary Nail Fixation of Atypical Femur Fractures With Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Leads to Faster Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Lovy ◽  
Jun S. Kim ◽  
John Di Capua ◽  
Sulaiman Somani ◽  
Stephanie Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Intramedullary Nail ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Atypical Femur Fractures

scholarly journals Choice of a Method for Blocked Intramedullary Osteosynthesis in Tibial Fractures in the Context of Topographic-Anatomical Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
A. S. Marchenko ◽  
N. F. Fomin ◽  
F. S. Grigoryan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Tibial Bone ◽  
Narrow Part ◽  
Intramedullary Osteosynthesis ◽  
Bone Marrow Cavity

Blocked intramedullary osteosynthesis has become a "gold standard" for the treatment of patients with diaphyseal fractures of the tibia. However, there is still debate about the importance and necessity of reaming the bone marrow cavity when performing intramedullary osteosynthesis.The aim is to study the individual features of the structure of the medullary cavity of the tibia in relation to intramedullary osteosynthesis, as well as to evaluate the effect of blocked intramedullary osteosynthesis with preliminary reaming and without reaming of the bone marrow cavity on the vascular supply of the tibia.Material and methods. Using morphometric and radiological methods, an experimental topographical and anatomical study was carried out on 26 dry preparations and histotopograms-plates of tibial bone cuts, as well as on 10 lower limbs of corpses with X-ray contrast injection of arterial vessels. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's parametric test and the nonparametric MannWhitney test.Results. Particular attention was paid to the detailed study of the main parameters of the tibial bone marrow cavity that are important for the technology of blocked intramedullary osteosynthesis (size, shape and curves of the bone marrow cavity, architectonics of its narrow part, density and distribution of spongy matter in it, topography of the a. nutricia tibialis channel and distribution of its branches). To assess the invasiveness of osteosynthesis on 10 anatomical objects with preliminary injection of vessels of the lower extremity with X-ray contrast mass, blocked intramedullary osteosynthesis of the tibia with and without reaming of the bone marrow cavity was modeled.Conclusion. It was concluded that any variant of intramedullary rod insertion is accompanied by damage to a. nutricia tibialis in a narrow part of the bone marrow cavity, and reaming of the bone marrow cavity has certain advantages in view of the pronounced individual differences in the structure of the tibia.

scholarly journals ARE THE MEGAKARYOCYTES OF THE SPLEEN OF WHITE LABORATORY RATS IDENTICAL TO MEGACARIOCYTES OF THE BONE MARROW?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
E. V. Lyubaeva ◽  
V. A. Vankov ◽  
T. V. Moiseeva ◽  
I. I. Markov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Trabecular Bone Tissue

Many aspects of spleen histophysiology in humans and mammals still remain unsolved until today. This includes the spleen in white rats. The presence of megakaryocytes in its parenchyma has been only briefly indicated in some papers. As for appropriate information, let alone illustration, it is not available even in manuals on histology or the current histological atlases. The aim of the study is to obtain comparative morphological data on the spleen and marrow megakaryocytes in white rats. The object of this study is the spleen and marrow of the mandibular bone of outbred white rats (n=17) weighing 180,0-200,0 g. Staining the spleen preparations and mandibular trabecular bone tissue paraffin sections with hematoxylin and eosin, Azur-II-eosin and according to Van Gieson. In the spleen of white rats, megakaryocytes they appear identical to the marrow megakaryocytes.

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