scholarly journals Dimensional Stability of the Alveolar Ridge After Implantation of a Bioabsorbable Bone Graft Substitute: A Radiographic and Histomorphometric Study in Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Hile ◽  
Stephen T. Sonis ◽  
Stephen A. Doherty ◽  
Xiao Yan Tian ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Repair Material ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Bone Repair Material

Abstract This study evaluated reconstruction of the alveolar ridge after molar extraction in rats with bioabsorbable bone repair scaffolds. The material was prepared from the unsaturated polyester poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) (PPF), which may be cured in situ to form a porous scaffold. The intention is to use this material either as a stand-alone bone graft substitute or as an extender to autograft harvested from mandibular reconstruction sites. The bioactivity of the graft substitute was investigated in a rat residual ridge resorption model. PPF bone repair material was injected into the defect site, where it cross-linked in situ in the presence of a hydroxyapatite (HA) filler and effervescent agents. The PPF-based material develops porosity during an in situ cure by generating carbon dioxide during the effervescent reaction of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. The incorporation of HA promotes osteoconduction within the bone repair scaffold. In this study, bioactivity of the porous scaffold was evaluated as a function of HA particle size (micrometer-sized vs nanometer-sized particles). The maxillary or mandibular molars on the right side were extracted from 96 adult Sprague-Dawley rats. A 2-mm round bur was used to create a uniform trench defect measuring 2 mm in diameter, 2 mm in depth, and 4 mm in length at each extraction site. The defect site was (1) treated with PPF bone repair material containing nanometer-sized HA, (2) treated with PPF material containing micrometer-sized HA, (3) treated with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft , or (4) left untreated. Rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, 7, and 12 weeks postoperative. Resorption of the residual alveolar ridge was assessed by radiographic outcomes. Bone ingrowth through the defect site was measured by histomorphometric outcomes. Mandibular and maxillary ridge heights increased for all treatments used in this study. There were no clinical indications that addition of either of the PPF bone repair materials retarded hard- or soft-tissue healing of the extraction sites. Although not statistically significant, the mandibular defects treated with PPF containing nanometer-sized HA healed at a faster rate as determined by ridge height and new bone formation measurements when compared with the other treatments. These findings suggest the feasibility of using PPF bone graft substitutes for oral-maxillofacial applications.

scholarly journals Histological and morphometric aspects of ridge preservation with a moldable, in situ hardening bone graft substitute

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jurisic ◽  
Milica Manojlovic-Stojanoski ◽  
M. Andric ◽  
V. Kokovic ◽  
Vesna Danilovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Woven Bone ◽  
Barrier Membrane ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Implant Therapy

Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) are widely used in alveolar ridge regeneration as a porous scaffold for new bone formation. The aim of this case series was to evaluate the regenerative effect of the combination of BCP and polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) which can serve as a barrier membrane during bone regeneration. The study included five patients. Four months into the healing period, bone samples were collected for histological and morphometric analyses. The results of morphometric analysis showed that newly formed bone represented 32.2 ? 6.8% of the tissue, 31.9 ? 8.9% was occupied by residual graft and 35.9 ? 13.5% by soft tissue. Active osteogenesis was seen around the particles of the graft. The particles were occupied mostly by immature woven bone and connective tissue. The quality and quantity of newly formed bone, after the use of BCP/PLGA for ridge preservation, can be adequate for successful implant therapy after tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Immediate Implant Placement in Infected Sockets: A Consecutive Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kakar ◽  
Kanupriya Kakar ◽  
Minas D. Leventis ◽  
Gaurav Jain
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Immediate Placement ◽  
Immediate Implant

Introduction: Immediate placement of implants in a fresh post-extraction socket is an increasingly popular and established treatment option. However, active infection in the extraction site may adversely affect the outcome of this procedure. This study was designed to assess the clinical results of immediate placement of dental implants in infected extraction sockets using a standardized protocol, which included (a) the use of an Er,Cr:YSGG laser for the decontamination of the infected socket prior to implant insertion, and (b) the utilization of an in situ hardening alloplastic bone graft substitute to augment the gap between the implant surface and the labial plate of bone. Patients and Methods: A retrospective record review was used to identify 68 patients who had implants placed as per the described protocol. A total of 126 implants were placed in 68 patients (65 implants in the maxilla, 61 implants in the mandible). The implants were loaded 136 ± 73 days (mean ± standard deviation; range: 37–400 days) after implant placement. Eight patients (16 implants) were subsequently lost to follow up. Results: 105 of the 110 implants (95.45%) placed immediately in the infected sites using the described protocol survived after prosthetic loading. Conclusion: Immediate implant placement in previously infected sites using the protocols mentioned in our study with laser decontamination of the socket, grafting with an in situ hardening alloplastic bone graft material and non-submerged healing shows a similar survival rate to the published success rates for immediate implants placed in non-infected sites.

Development of hydroxyapatite-mediated synthesis of collagen-based copolymers for application as bio scaffolds in bone regeneration

2014 ◽  
Vol 1621 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Didarul Bhuiyan ◽  
John Middleton ◽  
Rina Tannenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
The Body ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Absorbable Polymers ◽  
Biocomposite Material

ABSTRACTHydroxyapatite (HAP) is a biocompatible bio-ceramic whose structure and composition is similar to bone. However, its lack of strength and toughness have seriously hampered its applications as a bone graft substitute material. Attempts have been made to overcome these mechanical properties deficiencies by combining HAP bioceramic material with absorbable polymers in order to improve its mechanical properties. However, poor interfacial bonding between the HAP and the polymers has limited the benefits of such biocomposite structures. At the other end of the biomaterials spectrum is collagen, which constitutes the most abundant proteins in the body and exhibits properties such as biodegradability, bioadsorbability with low antigenicity, high affinity to water, and the ability to interact with cells through integrin recognition. These favorable properties renders collagen as a natural candidate for the modification and compatibilization of the polymer-HAP biocomposite. In this study, we developed a novel approach to the synthesis of a potential bone graft material, where the HAP moiety acts not only as a bioceramic filler, but also constitutes the initiator surface that promotes the in-situ polymerization of the adsorbable polymer of choice. The synthesis of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymer was catalyzed by nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles and upon reaction completion, the biocomposite material was tethered with collagen. The synthesis was monitored by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopies and the products after each step were characterized by thermal analysis to probe both thermal stability, morphological integrity and mechanical properties.

Experience with freeze-dried PGLA/HA/rhBMP-2 as a bone graft substitute

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Miki ◽  
Kozue Masaka ◽  
Yohji Imai ◽  
Shoji Enomoto
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Freeze Dried

Copper-doped mesoporous bioactive glass endows magnesium based scaffold with antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youwen Yang ◽  
changfu lu ◽  
mingli yang ◽  
dongsheng wang ◽  
Shuping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Repair Material ◽  
Metal Element ◽  
Biodegradable Magnesium ◽  
Bone Repair Material ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass

Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) scaffold as bone repair material is desired to own antibacterial function to reduce the risk of bacterial infection. The alloying with antibacterial metal element such as copper...

The improvement of corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the novel porous Mg–Nd–Zn alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (36) ◽  
pp. 7661-7674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jiaxing Wang ◽  
Guofeng Jiang ◽  
Jinxiao Guo ◽  
Qiuyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Repair Material ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Zn Alloy ◽  
Bone Repair Material

A magnesium scaffold is a promising biodegradable bone repair material.

In Situ Tooth Replica Custom Implant: Rationale, Material, and Technique

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Aly Ghuneim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Graft Substitute ◽  
Bone Surface ◽  
Tooth Socket ◽  
Custom Implant ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Polymer Type

Abstract This study introduced a new concept of an in situ, custom-made, tooth replica dental implant. It was obtained by injecting a self-set, nonresorbable polymer type bone graft substitute into the tooth socket after extraction. Based on its cited properties, new composite bone cement Cortoss was suggested. The properties were reviewed and evaluated. The technique of application was described with a simulation model presented that appeared simple. Apparently, immediate duplication of tooth anatomy was achieved; thus, the concept might have the potentials of spontaneous adaptation and stabilization, preservation of alveolar bone, increasing implant-bone surface area, better load distribution, and bone stimulation. Modifications were also described to manage cases of resorbed alveolar bone as well as long-standing extracted teeth. Investigations were still required to assess the performance of the material and if modifications would be needed.

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