Reproductive Behavior in a Captive-Released Manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) along the Northeastern Coast of Brazil and the Life History of Her First Calf Born in the Wild

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis P. Lima ◽  
Carolina M. C. Alvite ◽  
Jociery E. Vergara-Parente ◽  
Denise F. Castro ◽  
Erica Paszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Trichechus Manatus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northeastern Coast

scholarly journals The application of life history information to the conservation management of Chrysoritis butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Terblanche ◽  
H. Van Hamburg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Wing Patterns ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Due to their intricate life histories and the unique wing patterns and colouring the butterflies of the genus Chrysoritis are of significant conservation and aesthetic value. Thisoverview probes into practical examples of butterfly life history research applicable to environmental management of this relatively well-known invertebrate group in South Africa. Despite the pioneer work on life histories of Chrysoritis in the past, more should be done to understand the life history of the butterflies in the wild, especially their natural host plants and the behaviour of adults and larvae. A system of voucher specimens of host plants should be introduced in South Africa. Although various host plant species in nature are used by the members of Chrysoritis, including the Chrysoritis chrysaor group, the choice of these in nature by each species is significant for conservation management and in the case of Chrysoritis aureus perhaps even as a specific characteristic.A revision of the ant genus Crematogaster will benefit the conservation management of Chrysoritis species since some of these ant species may consist of a number of specieswith much more restricted distributions than previously thought. Rigorous quantified tudies of population dynamics of Chrysoritis butterflies are absent and the introductionof such studies will benefit conservation management of these localised butterflies extensively.

(William T. Stearn Prize 2009) “The mighty cassowary”: the discovery and demise of the King Island emu

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pfennigwerth
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Life History ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Record ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Printing Techniques

Nicolas Baudin's 1800–1804 voyage was the only scientific expedition to collect specimens of the dwarf emu (Dromaius ater) endemic to King Island, Bass Strait, Australia. The expedition's naturalist, François Péron, documented the only detailed, contemporaneous description of the life history of the bird, and the artist Charles-Alexandre Lesueur made the only visual record of a living specimen. Hunted to extinction by 1805, the King Island emu remains relatively unfamiliar. It is ironic that a bird collected as part of one of the most ambitious ordering enterprises in early nineteenth-century science – a quest for intellectual empire – has been more or less forgotten. This paper discusses how human error, assumption, imagination and circumstance hampered recognition and understanding of the King Island emu. Poor record-keeping led to the confusion of this species with other taxa, including the Australian emu and a dwarf species restricted to Kangaroo Island, contributing to the epistemological loss of the species. The expedition's agenda was equally influential in the perception and documentation of the species, with consequences for its conservation in the wild. The paper also argues that as a symbolic rather than a scientific record, Lesueur's illustration fostered inaccuracies in later descriptions of the King Island emu, especially when the image was taken out of context, subjected to the vagaries of nineteenth-century printing techniques and reproduced in more recent ornithological literature. Rather than increasing knowledge about this species, the Baudin expedition and its literature contributed, albeit unwittingly, to the King Island emu's textual and literal extinction.

On the Spawning and Nursery Grounds of Bass, Dicentrarchus Labrax, in the Plymouth Area

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Dando ◽  
Necla Demir
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Nursery Ground ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Tamar Estuary ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of

Despite concern over declining catches of bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), and disagreement over the cause, overfishing or erratic year classes (Kennedy & Fitzmaurice, 1972; Holden & Williams, 1974; Kelley, 1979), little is known of the early life history of this fish in the wild. Only occasional post-larvae have been recorded previously in young fish collections off Plymouth (Russell, 1935). These were caught between March and June, 2–24 km offshore and commonly below 20 m. The marine spawning grounds in the Plymouth area are unknown. Although Kennedy & Fitzmaurice (1968) found bass eggs at Splaugh Rock and Youghal Harbour on the south coast of Ireland and Barnabé (1978) observed spawning near the breakwater at Sète in the Gulf of Lions, bass eggs have not previously been found near Plymouth. Hartley (1940) recorded the growth and diet of bass in the Tamar Estuary. He noted that adults were very rare in the estuary which was used only as a nursery ground for this species.

Early life history of Nautilus: evidence from isotopic analyses of aquarium-reared specimens

Paleobiology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil H. Landman ◽  
J. Kirk Cochran ◽  
Danny M. Rye ◽  
Kazushige Tanabe ◽  
John M. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic Composition ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Systematic Shift

Specimens of Nautilus species caught in the wild show a marked increase in oxygen isotopic composition between embryonic and postembryonic septa. The significance of this increase in terms of the early life history of Nautilus has been unclear. To help explain this pattern, we analyzed the isotopic composition of the septa of three specimens of Nautilus belauensis raised in aquariums under controlled temperature conditions. Our results indicate that both embryonic and postembryonic septa are secreted with the same temperature-dependent fractionation of aragonite relative to water as that of other aragonite-secreting molluscs (Grossman and Ku 1986). The δ18O values of the septa thus provide a reliable means of determining the water temperature in which the septa form. Calculated temperatures based on oxygen isotopic data from specimens caught in the wild reveal that embryonic development occurs at 22°-24° corresponding to a depth of 100-200 m depending on the location. The increase in δ18O in postembryonic septa reflects a migration into colder, deeper water after hatching. In Cretaceous nautilids, a systematic shift in δ18O is not present, indicating that these animals probably did not change their habitat after hatching. This is consistent with the likelihood that they lived in shallower environments than that of modern Nautilus.

scholarly journals Long term monitoring of the reproductive behavior of wild Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Ching-Min Sun ◽  
Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei ◽  
Li-Yue Wu
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Manis Pentadactyla ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All

AbstractObservations of Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) in the wild are extremely rare and challenging because of their nocturnal and cryptic activity patterns and low population density. The present article reported the first field observation in eastern Taiwan, from October 4, 2012 to June 16, 2016, on the reproductive behavior of the Chinese pangolin based on the monitoring of a female (LF28) using radiotelemetry and camera traps. During this period, LF28 aged from 1–4.5 years old and gave two single-births, both took place in early December, at 3 and 4 years old, respectively. We recorded the entire 157 days of the first nursing period from parturition to maternal separation. For the second infant, the gestation period was estimated to be around 150 days based on the evidence that the pregnancy started in early Jul. 2015 and the offspring was born on Dec. 9, 2015. During the entire nursing period, LF28 frequently moved the offspring from one nursing burrow to another staying various durations ranging from 1 day to more than 35 days, and almost all (= 15/16) of these burrows were located in the core (MCP75) of LF28’s home range. Started from the month of parturition and lasting throughout the whole nursing period, different adult males constantly visiting the nursing burrows were recorded. Mating behavior was recorded once outside the burrow in March, which provided evidence of the occurrence of post-partum estrus in this species. Delayed implantation was proposed based on the observation of a several months lag between copulation and the estimated pregnancy initiation date. The present study demonstrated the advantage of using remote technologies to learn the life history of resting fossorial species.

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