scholarly journals Explore the Effects of Fertilization on Polyphenols Content in Autumn of Forages from Hill Permanent Grassland by Principal Component & Classifications Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica HARMANESCU
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Classification Analysis ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Chemometric Techniques ◽  
First Time

Principal Components and Classification Analysis (PC&CA) represents one of the most utilised multivariate chemometric techniques, having the advantage to use many measurements for a single sample in the same time, being recommended for understanding better the complexity of one phenomenon. The aim of this paper was to use PC&CA to study the effects of different types of fertilizers on polyphenols content of forages harvested in autumn from permanent grassland. Gravimetrically was established the matrix of floristic composition. The experimental field was fertilized first time in 2003, organic and/or NPK mineral. The determination of polyphenols contents was made using UV-VIS SPECORD 205 spectrophotometer, in conformity to chemical Folin and Ciocalteu colorimetric method. The highest polyphenols content was identified in forages from unfertilized variant (108 µM gallic acid/g). PC&CA can be a useful tool in describing the modification of polyphenols contents of forages under the effects of organic and/or mineral fertilisation of permanent grassland.

scholarly journals Determination of phosphorus in different types of waste using the ICP-MS technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Gina Alina Catrina ◽  
◽  
Lidia Kim ◽  
Agnes Serbanescu ◽  
Ionut Cristea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phosphorous Concentration

The research aimed to provide an optimized method for the determination of phosphorous concentration in different types of solid waste using inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique. The analyzed waste matrices are: a) vegetable waste (P1), b) ash from the incineration of medical waste (P2) c) sewage sludge (P3) and d) sludge from the meat processing industry (P4). The results obtained by the ICP-MS method were compared with the UV-VIS spectrophotometric method for the determination of total phosphorus. In the case of using the colorimetric method by UV-VIS technique, lower results were obtained compared to the ICP-MS method due to the interferences given by the reagents used to determine the total phosphorus. The interferences given by other elements (metals) were also investigated and the performance parameters were determined such as detection limit, quantification limit, recovery and expandend incertainty using ICP-MS technique.

Determination of the Reactivity Degree of Various Alkaline Solutions: A Chemometric Investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1361-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Arnoult ◽  
Colin Dupuy ◽  
Maggy Colas ◽  
Julie Cornette ◽  
Ludovic Duponchel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Chemometric Techniques

Knowledge of alkaline silicate solutions is crucial in order to optimize geopolymer properties. Geopolymers are new binders resulting from the activation of an aluminosilicate by an alkaline solution. It is well established that the solution reactivity strongly affects the geopolymerization and therefore the geopolymer working properties. As a consequence, an evaluation of the reactivity degree of alkaline silicate solutions prior synthesis is of the utmost interest. However, the determination of the solution reactivity is currently tedious, and for geopolymer commercialization, it would be necessary to find an easy way to determine it. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy, combined with chemometric techniques, is proposed as a solution to easily determine the alkaline silicate solution reactivity. To conduct this investigation, 65 silicate solutions were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, and reference values of their reactivity degree were determined. Finally, principal component analysis and partial least squares regression were performed to build a statistical model able to predict the alkaline silicate solution reactivity from Raman spectra.

Aluminum accumulation and nutrients in Pterolepis glomerata, Desmoscelis villosa, and Rhynchanthera grandiflora in palm swamp communities

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Olivares ◽  
Malfy Benítez ◽  
Eder Peña ◽  
Giuseppe Colonnello
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Aluminum Accumulation ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the study was to investigate if the herbaceous species Pterolepis glomerata (Rottb.) Miq. (Melastomataceae) is an aluminum (Al) accumulating species and compare its nutrition with other Al accumulators from the same family in palm swamp communities as follows: Desmoscelis villosa (Aubl.) (herb), and Rhynchanthera grandiflora (Aubl.) DC. (shrub or subshrub). This is important because P. glomerata belongs to the tribe Melastomeae and generally Al accumulators are perennial lignified species belonging to more basal tribes in the phylogenetic tree. Heterogeneity was observed in the soil characteristics of six sites in the palm swamp communities under study. However, in all the cases, the foliar concentrations of Al > 3 g·kg−1, the Al transfer factors (TF) (leaves:roots) > 1, and the stoiquiometric ratios Al:Ca > 1 indicated that the three species behaved as Al accumulators. A principal component analysis (PCA) of 11 chemical elements separated D. villosa from the other two species and associated it to Al. In this work, Al accumulation was reported for the first time in P. glomerata and was quantified in D. villosa, previously reported positive using the aluminon colorimetric method in herbarium samples. The Al tolerance in P. glomerata is a trait that possibly contributes to its wide distribution in acid soils throughout the neotropics and its introduction and naturalization in localities far from its site of origin.

scholarly journals Methods of Determination of Optimal Points of Radio Monitoring Means Placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2001-2009
Author(s):  
Serhii Dupelych ◽  
◽  
Viktor Bovsunovskyi ◽  
Dmytro Dmytro akymets ◽  
Oleksandr Zhantalai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Radio Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix

The effectiveness of the radio monitoring system depends on the correctness of determining the coordinates of the location of radio monitoring tools at the stage of planning their application. The decision on the choice of position for radio monitoring should consider the heterogeneity of the terrain in the area of tasks, the presence of natural and electronic interference, which can lead to deterioration of conditions for receiving signals from radio sources. The use of the known methods, techniques, and algorithms for the placement of radio monitoring tools does not fully consider the requirements mentioned above. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of radio monitoring in a particular area of performance. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for spatial placement of radio monitoring to ensure the effectiveness of radio monitoring in a particular area of tasks, taking into account the heterogeneity of the terrain, as well as natural and artificial electronic interference. Determining the coordinates of radio monitoring facilities included in the radio monitoring system involves determining the allowable options for their placement in a particular area of tasks using the mathematical apparatus of the dense placement function and its hodograph and further thinning of the matrix of acceptable solutions based on restrictions. A distinctive feature of the proposed approach is the optimization problem of geometric design for radio monitoring of complex spatial forms. At the same time, the peculiarities of completing the radio monitoring system using different types are also taken into account. It is expedient to use the developed technique for the planning of application of the system of radio monitoring; formation of working decisions on the construction of the radio monitoring system; assessing the quality of decisions and the formation of alternatives; ensuring the adaptation of the structure of the radio monitoring system to changes in the situation under the influence of the enemy and the formation of new zones of electronic interference.

Cambrian series 3 agnostoid trilobites Ptychagnostus sinicus and Ptychagnostus atavus from the Machari Formation, Yeongwol Group, Taebaeksan Basin, Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Hong ◽  
Duck K. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Taebaeksan Basin ◽  
The World ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Machari Formation ◽  
First Time

AbstractThis paper reports the successive occurrence of Ptychagnostus sinicus Lu, 1957 and Ptychagnostus atavus (Tullberg, 1880) from the lower part of the Machari Formation, Yeongwol Group, Korea. Morphometric approaches of using the landmark and principal component analyses make it possible to differentiate P. sinicus from P. atavus with clarity: pygidia of P. sinicus have a relatively narrow M1, a transverse F2, and a weakly developed M2 tubercle, whereas those of P. atavus are characterized by a broadly arching M1, a chevron-shaped F2, and a prominent M2 tubercle. Recognition of P. atavus, for the first time in Korea, allows the determination of the base of the Drumian Stage in Korea and aids correlation with other parts of the world.

Simple and fast determination of catecholamines in pharmaceutical samples using Ag+–3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as a colorimetric probe

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 6785-6790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyun Zhu ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Xian-en Zhao ◽  
Rongmei Kong ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Fast Determination ◽  
Colorimetric Probe ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
First Time

For the first time, a colorimetric method for the detection of catecholamines is developed based on their reducibility towards blue oxidized 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine oxidized by Ag+.

First Time Determination of Important Catalyst Sodium Methoxide Used in Biodiesel by Colorimetric Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 3550-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabir Khan ◽  
Matthieu Tubino ◽  
Marta M. D. C. Vila ◽  
Flavio A. Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Application of k0-method of neutron activation analysis for determination of trace elements in various mineral samples: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojko Jacimovic ◽  
Trajce Stafilov ◽  
Vekoslava Stibilj ◽  
Milena Taseska ◽  
Petre Makreski
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Matrix Element ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Republic

<p>Various trace elements in different types of arsenic (orpiment, As<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>; realgar, As<sub>4</sub>S<sub>4</sub>; lorandite, TlAsS<sub>2</sub>), antimony (stibnite, Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>), copper (brochantite, Cu<sub>4</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>; chalcanthite, CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O; chalcopyrite, CuFeS<sub>2</sub>; covellite, CuS; native copper, Cu) and iron based geological materials (hematite, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; pyrite, FeS<sub>2</sub>; chalcopyrite, CuFeS<sub>2</sub>) were determined using <em>k</em><sub>0</sub>-method of neutron activation analysis (<em>k</em><sub>0</sub>-NAA) in both forms: instrumental (<em>k</em><sub>0</sub>-INAA) and radiochemical (<em>k</em><sub>0</sub>-RNAA). In order to avoid interferences from the matrix element (As, Sb, Cu and Fe), various procedures were applied for its removal. Elimination of the matrix element enabled investigation from 35 to 47 trace elements in the samples using short (up to few minutes) and long (up to 20 hours) irradiations in typical irradiation channels of TRIGA reactor. The minerals were collected from various localities within the Republic of Macedonia, except covellite, which was obtained from Bor, Serbia.</p>

Source identification of PCBs in sediments from the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary, USA

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rachdawong ◽  
E. R. Christensen ◽  
S. Chi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Source Identification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chemical Mass Balance ◽  
Pollutant Sources ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nonnegative Constraints ◽  
Good Agreement

This work focuses on the determination of PCB source profiles and their contributions to sediments in the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary by a principal component analysis (PCA) model. The model was recently developed and, for the first time, applied to apportion pollutant sources in sediments. Factor loadings and scores were computed, rotated via nonnegative constraints, and matched with candidate Aroclor profiles. Contamination by Aroclors 1016, 1242, 1254, and 1260 were identified for cores VC 6, 9, and 12 based on a log Q2 criterion. The majority of PCB contribution was from a combination of Aroclors 1016 and 1242. Similarity between Aroclors 1016 and 1242 obscured resolution between the two profiles. Results from a chemical mass balance (CMB) model with known Aroclor profiles were in good agreement with the prediction from the PCA model.

scholarly journals Hormonal response of Acutodesmus obliquus exposed to combined treatment with 24-epibrassinolide and lead

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 2903-2914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Talarek-Karwel ◽  
Andrzej Bajguz ◽  
Alicja Piotrowska-Niczyporuk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Acutodesmus Obliquus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abstract Phytohormones play key roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, as well as in resistance to abiotic stresses. The presence of heavy metal limits phytohormone endogenous level; however, the application of brassinosteroids (BRs) restores phytohormone homeostasis and reduces unfavorable consequences of heavy metal on plant growth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) broaden previously published analyses/findings to study the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and/or lead (Pb) on Acutodesmus obliquus phytohormone level after 5 days of cultivation using LC-QToF-MS quantification technique and (2) extend the total amount of quantified phytohormones in A. obliquus. The study confirmed that exogenous EBL increased the contents of gibberellin A3 (GA3), auxins (AXs) (indole-3-acetic acid, phenylacetic acid), BRs brassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), 28-homobrassinolide, castasterone, 24-epicastasterone, typhasterol, cathasterone, 6-deoxotyphasterol, as well as different types of cytokinins (CKs): free bases, ribosides, and conjugates (N- and O-glucosides). On the other hand, treatment with Pb had an opposite effect on BRs, GA3, AXs, and free bases, as well as ribosides of CKs. The abscisic acid (ABA) level decreased under EBL treatment but increased in response to Pb stress. The level of N-glucosides, as well as O-glucosides of CKs, also significantly increased in response to Pb alone. Interestingly, the co-application of EBL and Pb led to an increase in BRs, GA3, AXs, and CKs content in the algae. Principal component analysis revealed that based on treatments, increase of GA3, BRs, and AXs was found to be in the following order: 1 μM EBL > 0.01 μM Pb + 1 μM EBL > 500 μM Pb + 1 μM EBL > control > 0.01 μM Pb > 500 μM Pb. Moreover, very strong significant linear relations between almost all studied AXs and BRs were noted. Summarizing, this research did not only allow to detect the occurrence of ABA, GA3, AXs, BRs, and CKs in A. obliquus for the first time but also to study the combined action of EBL and Pb, as well as compare it with treatment alone.

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