scholarly journals Measurements Isotopic Ratios Signature and Level Concentration of Pb and Sr from Several Romanian Wines

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Florin Dumitru BORA ◽  
Anamaria CĂLUGĂR ◽  
Claudiu Ioan BUNEA ◽  
Vasile Răzvan FILIMON ◽  
Gabriel TABARANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
High Degree

Authenticity, certification, and especially the origin of food has become an increasing priority among consumers and producers, in the case of wines, this is very important especially if commercial values are associated with the region of production. In the last decades, isotopic ratios of geological interest, such as Pb, and Sr, have gained interest in the tracking regional provenance of foods and especially of wine. The correlation of the Pb and Sr isotope ratios between soil and plant makes it an interesting tool for tracing the provenance of agricultural products such as grapes and wine. The purpose of this research was to assessment the Pb and Sr isotopic ratio to highlight geographical markers with a high degree of credibility in several Romanian wine-growing areas. The values of the 206Pb/207Pb, for the vine from Dealu Bujorului and Valea Călugărească vineyard show traces of lead atmospheric pollution, in Nicorești, Panciu, and Ștefăneți-Argeș vineyard the values of the isotopic ratio show traces of fly ashes, coals, or natural Pb and Greaca vineyard show traces of petrol, gasoline, combustion. Due to Pb, and Sr a separation on the vineyards and wine-growing centers, and also a separation of the wine samples was possible.

scholarly journals Differentiation Among Romanian Wine Regions Based on Lead Isotope Signatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Florin Dumitru BORA ◽  
Anamaria CĂLUGĂR ◽  
Claudiu Ioan BUNEA ◽  
Ionut RACZ
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Lead Isotope ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Pb Concentration

The objective of this study is to determine the Pb concentration and 206Pb/204Pb, 206Pb/207Pb, 206Pb/208Pb from several Romanian winemaking regions, in order to highlight credible geographical markers of wine origin. The Pb level concentration and the ratios of 206Pb/204Pb, 206Pb/207Pb, 206Pb/208Pb were determined in 25 white and 9 red wines using ICP-MS techniques. Based on 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratios it can be concluded that the vines grown in the Tîrnave vineyard [Blaj (1.1790 average value)], Huși vineyard [Huși (1.1958 average value wine center), Averești (1.1908 average value)] and Iași vineyard [Copou (1.1875 average value) wine center], show traces of atmospheric pollution with lead [if 206Pb/207Pb=~1.1700-1.2200 (atmospheric pollution)]. Combining the 206Pb/204Pb with 206Pb/208Pb isotopic ratio may carry out a separation on the vineyards and wine-growing centers. Based on 206Pb/204Pb, 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb a separation of the wine samples was possible.

TRACING MOISTURE SOURCES OF THE EXTREME STORM EVENT IMPACTING THE CAROLINAS IN OCTOBER, 2015 USING O, H, AND SR ISOTOPE RATIOS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Surge ◽  
◽  
Karly R. Schmidt ◽  
Corey Moore ◽  
Drew S. Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Moisture Sources ◽  
Extreme Storm

Benchmarking source specific isotopic ratios of levoglucosan to better constrain the contribution of domestic heating to the air pollution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Khundadze ◽  
Christoph Küppers ◽  
Beatrix Kammer ◽  
Andrius Garbaras ◽  
Agne Masalaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Isotopic Age ◽  
C3 Plant ◽  
Domestic Heating ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
The Impact

<p>Due to the potential to fingerprint emissions, carbon stable isotopes are considered a powerful tool to get insight into sources of air pollutants and to study their atmospheric life cycle. Including the independent isotopic knowledge into chemical models, not only concentration but also isotope ratios can be predicted. This provides the possibility to differentiate the impact of source strength from that of chemical reactions in the atmosphere. In a recent study comparing Lagrangian-particle-dispersion-simulations with ambient observations, Betancourt et al. [1] (ACPD2020) found that the observed isotopic age of levoglucosan, a biomass burning tracer, agrees well with the isotopic age derived from back-plumes analyses. This showed that the wintertime aerosol burden from domestic heating observed in residential areas of North-Rheine-Westphalia, Germany, is of local or regional origin. Error analyses though indicated that the largest source of uncertainty was the limited information on emission isotope ratios.</p><p>In this work, the stable isotope ratios of levoglucosan in aerosol particles emitted from the combustion of 18 different biomass fuels typically used for domestic heating in Western and Eastern Europe (soft and hard woods, brown coals and corn cobs, respectively) were measured by Thermal Desorption- Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatographie- Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (TD-2DGC-IRMS). Additionally to the compound specific measurements, isotopic ratios of total carbon in the fuel parent material, in the precursor cellulose, as well as in sampled aerosol particles were determined.</p><p>Levoglucosan δ<sup>13</sup>C was found to vary between -23.6 and -21.7‰ for the C3 plant samples, showing good agreement with Sang et al [2] (EST2012). The brown coal and the C4 plant samples were isotopically heavier, showing isotopic ratios in the range of -21,1 to -18.6‰ and -12.9‰, respectively. In this presentation, the observed levoglucosan δ<sup>13</sup>C will be discussed with respect to the carbon isotopic composition of the parent materials. The potential of using compound specific δ<sup>13</sup>C measurements of levoglucosan for improved source apportionment will be addressed.</p><p>References:</p>

Intershield geochemical differences among Hawaiian volcanoes: implications for source compositions, melting process and magma ascent paths

1993 ◽  
Vol 342 (1663) ◽  
pp. 121-136 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Process ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Magma Ascent ◽  
Small Radius ◽  
Element Abundance ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Major Element Composition ◽  
Mauna Loa ◽  
Melt Segregation

As Hawaiian volcanoes develop, their lavas systematically change in composition and isotopic ratios of Sr, Nd and Pb. These trends provide important constraints for understanding plume-related volcanism as a volcano migrates away from the hotspot. There are also geochemical differences between Hawaiian shields. In particular, lavas from adjacent shields such as Kilauea and Mauna Loa on Hawaii and Koolau and Waianae on Oahu have significant differences in abundances of some major and incompatible elements and isotopic ratios of Sr, Nd and Pb. Some incompatible element abundance ratios, such as Zr/Nb and Sr/Nb, are correlated with intershield differences in Sr and Nd isotope ratios, but these isotopic ratios are not correlated with intershield differences in major element composition, or even parent/daughter abundance ratios such as Rb/Sr and Sm/Nd. Moreover, at Kilauea and Mauna Loa the intershield differences have apparently persisted for a relatively long time, perhaps 100 ka. These intershield geochemical differences provide important constraints on plume volcanism. Specifically, (i) each volcano must have distinct magma ascent paths from the region of melt segregation; (ii) the 25-50 km distance between adjacent, but geochemically distinct, shields requires that the sources vary on a similar scale, and that the melt production region is similarly restricted. The absence of correlations between lava compositions and radiogenic isotope ratios provides evidence for significant differences in melting process such as each shield forming by a different mean extent of melting with melt segregation at different mean pressures. Two types of models are consistent with the intershield geochemical differences: (i) a relatively large radius, ca . 40 km, plume conduit with a systematic spatial distribution of geochemical heterogeneities; or (ii) a small radius, less than 20 km, plume conduit composed of geochemically distinct diapirs. Because relatively small radius diapirs of limited vertical extent are too small to create the large Hawaiian shields, a possible alternative is a continuous conduit containing solitary waves which transport geochemically distinct packets of material.

scholarly journals Calibration and field testing of cavity ring-down laser spectrometers measuring CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and <i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> deployed on towers in the Marcellus Shale region

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1273-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha L. Miles ◽  
Douglas K. Martins ◽  
Scott J. Richardson ◽  
Christopher W. Rella ◽  
Caleb Arata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Marcellus Shale ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cavity Ring Down

Abstract. Four in situ cavity ring-down spectrometers (G2132-i, Picarro, Inc.) measuring methane dry mole fraction (CH4), carbon dioxide dry mole fraction (CO2), and the isotopic ratio of methane (δ13CH4) were deployed at four towers in the Marcellus Shale natural gas extraction region of Pennsylvania. In this paper, we describe laboratory and field calibration of the analyzers for tower-based applications and characterize their performance in the field for the period January–December 2016. Prior to deployment, each analyzer was tested using bottles with various isotopic ratios, from biogenic to thermogenic source values, which were diluted to varying degrees in zero air, and an initial calibration was performed. Furthermore, at each tower location, three field tanks were employed, from ambient to high mole fractions, with various isotopic ratios. Two of these tanks were used to adjust the calibration of the analyzers on a daily basis. We also corrected for the cross-interference from ethane on the isotopic ratio of methane. Using an independent field tank for evaluation, the standard deviation of 4 h means of the isotopic ratio of methane difference from the known value was found to be 0.26 ‰ δ13CH4. Following improvements in the field tank testing scheme, the standard deviation of 4 h means was 0.11 ‰, well within the target compatibility of 0.2 ‰. Round-robin style testing using tanks with near-ambient isotopic ratios indicated mean errors of −0.14 to 0.03 ‰ for each of the analyzers. Flask to in situ comparisons showed mean differences over the year of 0.02 and 0.08 ‰, for the east and south towers, respectively. Regional sources in this region were difficult to differentiate from strong perturbations in the background. During the afternoon hours, the median differences of the isotopic ratio measured at three of the towers, compared to the background tower, were &amp;minus0.15 to 0.12 ‰ with standard deviations of the 10 min isotopic ratio differences of 0.8 ‰. In terms of source attribution, analyzer compatibility of 0.2 ‰ δ13CH4 affords the ability to distinguish a 50 ppb CH4 peak from a biogenic source (at −60 ‰, for example) from one originating from a thermogenic source (−35 ‰), with the exact value dependent upon the source isotopic ratios. Using a Keeling plot approach for the non-afternoon data at a tower in the center of the study region, we determined the source isotopic signature to be −31.2 ± 1.9 ‰, within the wide range of values consistent with a deep-layer Marcellus natural gas source.

scholarly journals Provenance analysis of human cremations by 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios: migration into an Iron Age mining region in North-Rhine Westphalia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney V. Sebald ◽  
Manuel Zeiler ◽  
Gisela Grupe
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Provenance Analysis ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Non Local

The Siegerland (North-Rhine Westphalia, FRG) is famous for its early mining industry and ore exploitation. The archaeological context of cremated burials as well as grave goods indicate parallels to today's Wetterau (Hesse), suggesting migration into the Siegerland. After morphological examination of the cremations augmented by a histological age-at-death determination, provenance analysis by use of stable strontium isotope analysis was carried out. 60 individuals from the burial mound at Netphen-Deuz in the Siegerland were available for anthropological examination. The 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio was measured in 29 dentine and 15 bone samples. At least 19 individuals exhibited a non-local isotopic signal which was compatible with a provenance from the Wetterau region. Since 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios in the bioapatite are thermally stable, provenance analysis of cremated finds is thus possible, whereby a testable archaeological hypothesis is prerequisite. Histological examination of cremated bones proved indispensable for the age-at-death estimation.

scholarly journals Using ship-borne observations of methane isotopic ratio in the Arctic Ocean to understand methane sources in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Berchet ◽  
Isabelle Pison ◽  
Patrick M. Crill ◽  
Brett Thornton ◽  
Philippe Bousquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract. Due to the large variety and heterogeneity of sources in remote areas hard to document, the Arctic regional methane budget remain very uncertain. In situ campaigns provide valuable data sets to reduce these uncertainties. Here we analyse data from the SWERUS-C3 campaign, on-board the icebreaker Oden, that took place during summer 2014 in the Arctic Ocean along the Northern Siberian and Alaskan shores. Total concentrations of methane, as well as isotopic ratios were measured continuously during this campaign for 35 days in July and August 2014. Using a chemistry-transport model, we link observed concentrations and isotopic ratios to regional emissions and hemispheric transport structures. A simple inversion system helped constraining source signatures from wetlands in Siberia and Alaska and oceanic sources, as well as the isotopic composition of lower stratosphere air masses. The variation in the signature of low stratosphere air masses, due to strongly fractionating chemical reactions in the stratosphere, was suggested to explain a large share of the observed variability in isotopic ratios. These points at required efforts to better simulate large scale transport and chemistry patterns to use isotopic data in remote areas. It is found that constant and homogeneous source signatures for each type of emission in the region (mostly wetlands and oil and gas industry) is not compatible with the strong synoptic isotopic signal observed in the Arctic. A regional gradient in source signatures is highlighted between Siberian and Alaskan wetlands, the later ones having a lighter signatures than the first ones. Arctic continental shelf sources are suggested to be a mixture of methane from a dominant thermogenic origin and a secondary biogenic one, consistent with previous in-situ isotopic analysis of seepage along the Siberian shores.

The isotope systematics of a juvenile intraplate volcano: Pb, Nd, and Sr isotope ratios of basalts from Loihi Seamount, Hawaii

1984 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Staudigel ◽  
A. Zindler ◽  
S.R. Hart ◽  
T. Leslie ◽  
C.-Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Isotope Systematics
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