scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation Of Two Techniques Of Sex Determination In Lovebirds (Agapornis Spp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Maria Carmen TURCU ◽  
Lucia Victoria BEL ◽  
Tommaso COLLARILE ◽  
Dana Liana PUSTA
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dna Sampling ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Materials Used

Most lovebirds (Agapornis spp.) have no distinct sexual dimorphic traits. The objective of the paper was to compare the results of two sexing methods, surgical sexing by celioscopy and DNA sexing by PCR from blood samples, in order to evaluate their effectiveness. Materials used to carry out the studies were a 2.7 mm telescope and endoscopy unit, surgical instruments and DNA sampling kits provided by Exomed.cz laboratory. Forty-two lovebirds were included in this study. The endoscopic sexing procedure was performed by the method described by Divers. Blood sampling for DNA testing by PCR method was performed from the metatarsal vein. The results were different in the case of one lovebird, endoscopic sexing revealed it as male, compared to DNA testing, where it was identified as female. DNA sexing is a non-invasive method that might be more accurate than celioscopy in this species, and bird owners have easier access to it.

scholarly journals Sex determination in gibbons of genus Nomascus using non-invasive method

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Bolechová ◽  
Kateřina Ječmínková ◽  
Michal Hradec ◽  
Tomáš Kott ◽  
Jana Doležalová
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reactions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Template Dna

Gibbons of the genus Nomascus have a strong sexual dimorphism and dichromatism. As they mature, both sexes develop sex-specific pelage colour. In combination with physical similarities in the genitalia with both sexes, there are problems with determining the sex of young individuals compared to other genus of gibbons. This is a pilot study applying a multiplex polymerase chain reactions based on a non-invasive method for sex determination of gibbons. The study was conducted on 22 faecal samples from gibbons of the genus Nomascus. The animals were monitored by staff so that the samples were identified correctly and each sample was collected immediately after the defecation. Results confirmed the sex in all adult and juvenile animals with known sex; and 2 females and 5 males in juveniles were determined with unknown sex. The results of direct examination completely corresponded with the PCR results. The PCR reaction with template DNA isolated from faecal material required BSA usage, however, we observed the occurrence of nonspecific fragments. This did not affect the reliability of our results and we confirmed the usability of this method for this genus.

scholarly journals X- and Y-chromosome-specific variants of the amelogenin gene allow non-invasive sex diagnosis for the detection of pseudohermaphrodite goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renáta Fábián ◽  
András Kovács ◽  
Viktor Stéger ◽  
Krisztián Frank ◽  
István Egerszegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Amelogenin Gene ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Male Sex

The Polled Intersex Syndrome (PIS) is responsible for the absence of horns in homozygous and heterozygous goats causing a female-to-male sex reversal in the homozygous polled genotypic female (XX) goats. A simple and efficient non-invasive method was elaborated to detect the genotypic sex from hair and faecal samples using a pair of primers to amplify the X- and Y-linked alleles of the amelogenin gene. The PCR products were easily distinguishable using agarose gel electrophoresis: we detected an X-specific single band in samples originating from healthy phenotypic females and double (X- and Y-) bands in samples from males. The new PCR method is applicable for diagnosing the sex of PIS-affected animals already as newborn kids, in contrast with the phenotypic findings appearing only after puberty, and thus it may replace the cumbersome chromosome investigations.

An evaluation of the usefulness of invasive and non-invasive methods used to diagnose Helicobacter spp. infections in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jankowski ◽  
J. Spużak ◽  
K. Kubiak ◽  
K. Glińska-Suchocka ◽  
M. Biernat
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Pcr Method

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the suitability of invasive and non-invasive methods used to diagnose Helicobacter spp. in the stomachs of dogs. The study was carried out on 30 dogs of both sexes and different breeds, between one and 15 years old. A histopathologic examination, a microbiological culture, a rapid urease test, a direct bacteriological preparation and a nested PCR assay were carried out. Gastric Helicobacter spp. was identified in gastric biopsy specimens from 16 (53.3%) dogs using direct bacteriological preparation, in four (13.3%) dogs based on a culture, in 23 (76.6%) dogs using the rapid urease test and in 21 (70,0%) dogs based on a histopathological assessment of the biopsy specimens. The nested PCR of the gastric biopsy specimens revealed gastric Helicobacter spp. in all the dogs (100%). A saliva PCR assay revealed gastric Helicobacter spp. in 23 (76.6%) dogs, while stool PCR revealed the bacterium in seven (23.3%) dogs. We found that invasive methods were more accurate than non-invasive methods in detecting a Helicobacter spp. infection in dogs. In addition, the nested PCR method used to evaluate the gastric mucosal biopsy specimens was the most accurate test for detecting Helicobacter spp. It was further found that the PCR-based saliva assay was the best non-invasive method for detecting Helicobacter spp. However, taking into consideration that most of the diagnostic methods used to detect this bacterium have drawbacks, at least two diagnostic methods should be used to detect Helicobacter spp. as is done in human medicine.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN JENIS KELAMIN BURUNG KENARI (Serinus canaria) BERDASARKAN GEN Chromodomain Helicase DNA-Binding 1 (CHD1)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif Muhammad Akhrom ◽  
Indarjulianto Soedarmanto ◽  
Yanuartono Yanuartono ◽  
Trini Susmiati ◽  
Alfarisa Nururrozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Female Canaries

Phenotype determination of sex in young canaries is very low in accuracy. This study aimed to develop a genotypic sexing method in canaries. This study used 12 canaries consisting of 3 mature males, 3 mature females and 6 one-month-old canaries. Phenotypic sexing by cloacal observation was done on all birds, continued by genotypic sexing to identification CHD1 gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR used blood samples for mature canaries, and feather for mature and one-month-old canaries. The results of phenotypic observations showed that all mature male canaries had prominent and pointed cloaca forms, all mature females had flat and wide, whereas all one-month-old birds had a flat cloaca. The result of PCR showed a single band (500 bp) for mature male and double bands (500 bp and 300 bp) for mature female canaries. The PCR results of one-month-old canaries showed that there were one male and five females. Based on this study, it was concluded that genotypic sexing using the PCR method is effective in the sex determination of canaries.Keywords: canary, CHD1, genotype, PCR, sexing ABSTRAKPenentuan jenis kelamin burung kenari muda secara fenotip akurasinya sangat rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jenis kelamin burung kenari secara genotip. Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 ekor burung kenari, terdiri dari 6 ekor dewasa (3 jantan, 3 betina) serta 6 ekor umur 1 bulan. Semua burung ditentukan jenis kelaminnya dengan mengamati kloaka dan identifikasi gen CHD1 menggunakan teknik polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sampel DNA berasal dari darah dan bulu untuk burung dewasa serta bulu untuk burung umur 1 bulan. Pengamatan fenotip menunjukkan bahwa burung kenari dewasa jantan mempunyai bentuk kloaka menonjol dan runcing, dewasa betina berbentuk datar dan lebar, sedangkan semua burung umur 1 bulan mempunya bentuk kloaka datar. Hasil identifikasi gen CHD1 diperoleh adanya 1 pita gen sekitar 500 bp dari sampel darah dan bulu semua burung kenari dewasa jantan, dan 2 pita gen sekitar 500 bp dan 300 bp dari sampel semua burung kenari betina dewasa. Hasil PCR pada sampel burung umur 1 bulan menunjukkan bahwa 1 ekor jantan dan 5 ekor betina. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penentuan jenis kelamin secara genotip menggunakan gen CHD1 dapat dilakukan pada burung kenari.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measurement Technique for Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 4341-4345
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Blood Glucose Measurement ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Precise Quantification

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most spreading diseases prevalent in the world. The Diabetic patients where in desideratum of monitoring their blood glucose level conventionally for a certain periodic of time. If they were nescient of their checkup it may lead to sundry symptoms like the feel profoundly slothful, tired etc. So they require for a periodic check up without fail. In clinic the prefer syringes for amassing the samples,in some worst cases there will be a possibility of unhydrated syringes . For checking they were in desideratum of a modicum of blood samples. For a precise quantification they will integrate some chemical substance to detect the value. While taking blood samples they feel so uncomfortable, pain and if the syringes where already used are not felicitously sterilized it may lead to sundry disease. The another method for quantifying the sample is a non-invasive. In non-invasive method there will be no desideratum of any syringe. It will be pain less and withal comfortable for the patients. In this paper we are introducing a non-invasive method in lieu of invasive method to be liberate from pain. Our proposed system consists of near infrared transmitter and receiver , a light dependent resistor etc,. The rays are sanctioned to passes through the finger it will quantify the glucose present in our cell and the output is given to the processor. The processed output will determine the quantity of glucose present in the blood . Then determinately the obtained output will be exhibited in the Liquid Crystal Exhibit.

scholarly journals Examination the stresseffect of litter’s let-together system (“kindergarten”) by measuring faecal cortisol metabolites of sows and piglets

2016 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Zsolt Győri ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
Péter Balogh ◽  
László Huzsvai ◽  
Gabriella Novotniné Dankó
Keyword(s):  
Stress Effect ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites ◽  
Pig Husbandry ◽  
Cortisol Metabolites

Piglets in commercial intensive pig husbandry are often abruptly weaned between 3 and 4 weeks for economic reasons. The process of weaning is a multifactorial stressor, in which nutritional, social, physical and psychologic stressors are combined. Piglets are often exposed to unfamiliar piglets around weaning which results in a period of vigorous fighting. Stress plays an important part in welfare research. Traditionally glucocorticoids are measured in blood samples but their use is often limited as the act of sample collection may stress an animal. Measurement of faecal cortisol/corticosterone metabolites is a non-invasive method for evaluation adrenocortical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of litter’s let-together system (“kindergarten”) in the farrowing house by measuring faecal cortisol metabolites. According to our results the “kindergarten” system has no stress effect on sows and piglets, respectively.

scholarly journals DNA sampling from body swabs of terrestrial slugs (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): a simple and non-invasive method for molecular genetics approaches

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Morinha ◽  
P. Travassos ◽  
D. Carvalho ◽  
P. Magalhaes ◽  
J. A. Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dna Sampling ◽  
Invasive Method
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