scholarly journals Comparison of the Mechanical Behaviour of Selected Oilseeds under Compression Loading

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David HERAK ◽  
Abraham KABUTEY ◽  
Monika DIVISOVA ◽  
Tereza SVATONOVA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Deformation Curve ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Point Position ◽  
Deformation Ratio ◽  
Jatropha Seeds ◽  
Jatropha Seed

The present study provides information about the comparison of mechanical behaviour of selected oil bearing crops namely rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.), sunflower seeds (Helianthus annus L.) and jatropha seeds (Jatropha curcas L.) under compression loading. In this research, the compression device ZDM 50 with a chart recorder and a pressing vessel with diameter 100 mm were used to determine the relationship between the magnitude of the pressing force and deformation characteristics of the oilseed crops pressed at initial height 80 mm. From the compression test, the amounts of true deformation, maximal deformation energy and compressive force of the pressed samples were calculated and also mathematical equations describing the limit deformation, maximal deformation ratio, energy ratio and oil point deformation ratio were determined. The oil point position on the deformation curve, that is, the first leakage of oil from the pressing vessel of the various oilseeds was determined and compared. Based on the measured amounts rapeseeds achieved the highest values followed by jatropha seed and then sunflower seed. The amount of deformation energy required for the seed deformation gives the indication the amount of energy needed for obtaining the oil from the seed. It was found that the measured amounts as well as the oil point position on the force-deformation curve of the pressed samples showed varying results due to the seeds physical and inherent characteristics.

scholarly journals Deformation energy of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kabutey ◽  
D. Herák ◽  
O. Dajbych ◽  
M. Divišová ◽  
W.E. Boatri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Smooth Curve ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Deformation Curve ◽  
Wave Effect ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Function Smooth

The present research is a follow-up of the previous studies on mechanical behaviour of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading. The research describes in detail the deformation energy which was determined from the area under the force-deformation curve. The compression device ZDM 50-2313/56/18 with a chart recorder and pressing vessel of diameter 76 mm were used to record the force-deformation functions of varying moisture content between 8.46% and 36.50% w.b. of Jatropha curcas L. seeds. Under the force-deformation curve, three main descriptions namely the increasing function (smooth curve), wave-effect characteristics (serration effect) and whole area under the force-deformation curve were analysed. For each of the force-deformation curve descriptions, it was found that moisture content influenced the values of compressive force, deformation, deformation energy and seed hardness. Interestingly, the research findings conclude that moisture content is a primary factor contributing to the wave-effect characteristics on the force-deformation curve.  

scholarly journals Analysis of tangential curve equation describing mechanical behaviour of rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) mixture under compression loading

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Herák ◽  
A. Kabutey ◽  
M. Divišová
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Maximal Volume ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Deformation Limit ◽  
Volume Compression ◽  
Curve Equation

The analysis of tangential curve equation for describing mechanical behaviour of rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) mixture under compression loading were discussed. Parameters considered in this study include both measured and theoretical amounts of deformation, volume compression and deformation energy. The measured amounts denoted as true defor­mation, true volume compression and true deformation energy were determined directly from the compression test of the rapeseeds pressed mixture whiles the theoretical amounts expressed as max. deformation, max. volume compres­sion and max. deformation energy were determined by mathematical adjustment of the general tangent curve equation which were verified from the measured data. Also the theoretical amounts further explain the limit deformation, limit volume compression and relationship between strains and limit volume compressions which were statistically analysed to describe true situation of pressing. The results indicate that the tangent curve equation by mathematical modifica­tion can be used to determine accurately theoretical amounts of maximal deformation, maximal volume compression and maximal deformation energy.  

scholarly journals Behaviour of different moisture contents of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kabutey ◽  
D. Herák ◽  
A. Sedláček
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Deformation Characteristic ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Jatropha Seeds

A study was conducted to investigate the behaviour of different moisture contents of Jatropha curcas L. seeds under compression loading. To obtain jatropha seeds of different moisture contents ranging from 1% (w.b.) to 37% (w.b.), the seeds were soaked in water and kept in a refrigerator at 5&deg;C for different number of days. Compression devices, namely ZDM 50-2313/56/18, pressing vessel with diameter of 76 mm and a pressing plunger of 90 mm height, were used. The amount of seeds in the pressing vessel was measured as 40 mm with compression force of 98,100 N. The results from the experiment showed that increasing the moisture content of the jatropha seeds influenced the force-deformation characteristic curve, deformation energy, maximum deformation and energy per unit volume. While moisture contents 1% (w.b.) and 10% (w.b.) displayed normal force-deformation characteristic, moisture contents 32% (w.b.) and 37% (w.b.) showed wave-effect characteristic. The R<sup>2</sup> coefficient of determination value of 0.87 obtained from the effect of moisture content on deformation energy and unit volume energy shows that jatropha seeds of moisture content 16% (w.b.) would require minimum energy but high efficiency during compression.

scholarly journals Deformation Curve Characteristics of Rapeseeds and Sunflower Seeds Under Compression Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Divišová ◽  
D. Herák ◽  
A. Kabutey ◽  
V. Šleger ◽  
R. Sigalingging ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Characteristic ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Deformation Energy ◽  
Deformation Curve ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Deformation Curves ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Increasing Function

Abstract The deformation curve characteristics of rapeseeds and sunflower seeds compressed using the equipment ZDM 50-2313/56/18 and varying vessel diameters (40, 60, 80, and 100 mm) were investigated. Maximum compressive force of 100 kN was applied on bulk oilseeds of rape and sunflower of measured height 20-80 mm and deformed at a speed of 60 mm∙min-1. The compression test using the vessel diameters of 40 and 60 mm showed a serration effect while the vessel diameters of 80 and 100 mm indicated an increasing function effect on the force-deformation characteristic curves. Clearly, the increasing function effect described the region with oil flow and that of serration effect described the region without any oil flow. However, it was observed that the serration effect could be due to the higher compressive stress inside the smaller vessel diameters (40 and 60 mm) compared to those with bigger vessel diameters (80 and 100 mm). Parameters such as deformation, deformation energy, and energy density were determined from the force-deformation curves dependency showing both increasing function and serration effect. The findings of the study provide useful information for the determination of specific compressive force and energy requirements for extracting maximum oil from oilseed crops such as rape and sunflower.

scholarly journals Estimation of Energy Requirement of Jatropha Curcas L. Seedcake Briquettes under Compression Loading

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Ivanova ◽  
Abraham Kabutey ◽  
David Herák ◽  
Cimen Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Force Coefficient ◽  
Compression Loading ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Deformation Curves ◽  
Deformation Coefficient

The energy requirement of Jatropha curcas L. seedcake of different dimensions (4.5, 5.6, 6.7, 8 and 10 mm) for briquette compaction was investigated under compression loading (100, 200, 300 and 400 kN) using the universal compression-testing machine. The parameters measured and/or calculated were the deformation, thickness, numerical energy and theoretical energy. The statistical analysis results show that compression forces had a significant effect (P-value < 0.05) on the amounts of deformation and thickness, while that of the dimensions of the sample did not. The increase in compression forces increased the numerical energy while that of samples dimensions caused a decrease. Using the tangent curve mathematical model; the force coefficient of mechanical behaviour (kN), the deformation coefficient of mechanical behaviour and the fitting curve function exponent were determined for describing the experimental dependency between the force and deformation curves as well as the numerical energies of densified jatropha seedcake briquettes.

scholarly journals Mechanical behaviour under compression loading and some physical parameters of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Polat ◽  
S. Tarhan ◽  
M. Çetin ◽  
U. Atay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Mean Diameter

Technical information and data on the physical and mechanical properties of agricultural and animal products are necessary to design various equipments for agriculture and industry. In this study some physical properties such as mass, length, diameter, geometric mean diameter, surface area, sphericity, volume, coefficient of friction and packaging coefficient were determined for Japanese quail eggs. Furthermore, the mechanical behaviour of Japanese quail eggs was determined in terms of average rupture force, deformation and toughness (energy absorbed by the Japanese quail eggs per unit volume). Egg samples were compressed along their <i>X</i> and <i>Z</i>-axes. The average values of their mass, length, width, shell thickness, geometric mean diameter, surface area, sphericity, volume and packaging coefficient were measured to be 12.69 g, 34.87 mm, 26.20 mm, 0.27 mm, 28.82 mm, 2 608.5 mm<sup>2</sup>, 1.10, 359.17 mm<sup>3</sup>, 0.469, respectively. The values of the coefficient of friction for quail eggs on the surfaces of plywood, glass, galvanized steel and fibreglass were 0.301, 0.282, 0.274 and 0.266, respectively. The highest rupture force, deformation and toughness were obtained when Japanese quail eggs were loaded along their X-axis. Compression along the <i>Z</i>-axis required the least compressive force to break the eggs as compared to the other compression axes. Rupture force, deformation, absorbed energy and toughness for the <i>X</i>-front axis were determined to be 10.51 N, 1.5 mm, 7.88 Nmm and 0.219 Mj/mm<sup>2</sup>, respectively.

Mechanical behaviour of apricot pit under compression loading

2004 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kubilay Vursavuş ◽  
Faruk Özgüven
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Compression Loading

scholarly journals Additional Results to the Structural Analysis of Eccentrically Compressed Cross-Section Made of no Tension Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Máté Hazay
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Analytical Functions ◽  
No Tension Material ◽  
Compressive Resistance ◽  
Stress Block

Abstract The mechanical behaviour of eccentrically compressed stocky bars of rectangular cross section, having no-tension material is well known. The aim of the structural analysis is to determine the distribution of the stresses arisen from the effect of an eccentrically compressive force, i.e. to describe the shape of the stress block, and to calculate the compressive resistance of the bar. Some important details of the phenomenon could not be found in the technical literature. In our paper we study these details. We evaluate the analytical functions of the curves, bounding areas lain around the kern or the point of gravity, on which areas the eccentric force acts a pentagonal compressed zone arisen. Furthermore, we determine the resistance of the stocky bar in the cases of triangular and rectangular compressive zone.

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