scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Yield and Physiological Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Irrigation and Drought Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam POURMOHAMMAD ◽  
Mahmoud TOORCHI ◽  
Seyed S. ALAVIKIA ◽  
Mohammad R SHAKIBA
Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Hatami Maleki ◽  
Alireza Pirzad ◽  
Maryam Kholghi ◽  
Abdollahi Mandoulakani

Drought stress is one of the factors which influence sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production. Breeding for tolerance to drought stress has become a major focus. In the present investigation, combining ability, gene action and genetic analysis of several characteristics were studied in six pure lines of sunflower and their 15 hybrids. The materials were evaluated in two separate experiments using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in two states (well-watered and water-stressed) under controlled conditions. Comparison of mean values exhibited that under water- stressed condition the average performance of sunflower genotypes were decreased for all studied traits. In well-watered condition the highest value for seed yield per plant (SY) was observed in the cross 'LR4?LR25', whereas in water-stressed condition the highest value for this trait was observed in the hybrid 'C104?LR25'. Combining ability analysis revealed that most of agronomical traits such as head diameter, number of achene per head, head weight and seed yield inherited differently in stressed and non-stressed conditions. In water-stressed conditions, the non-additive effects played a more important role for controlling the number of achene per head (NA), seed yield per plant (SY), head diameter (HD), and days from flowering to physiological maturity (DFM) than additive. Based on results yield improvement for water-stressed conditions requires selection under drought conditions. In well-watered condition, the cross 'LR4?C10' showed the best SCA value for seed yield per plant (SY). In water-stressed conditions, 'RHA266?C100' had the highest SCA for seed yield per plant (SY) and number of achene (NA) per head.


Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-605
Author(s):  
BRENNDA BEZERRA BRAGA ◽  
Franklin Aragão Gondim ◽  
Francisco Holanda Nunes Junior ◽  
Sabrina Isabel De Oliveira Paiva ◽  
Rifandreo Monteiro Martins ◽  
...  

EFEITOS DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO COM RESÍDUO DA ATIVIDADE DA CARCINICULTURA EM PLANTAS DE GIRASSOL SUBMETIDAS A CONDIÇÕES DE ESTRESSE HÍDRICO  BRENNDA BEZERRA BRAGA1; FRANSCISCO HOLANDA NUNES JUNIOR2; SABRINA ISABEL DE OLIVEIRA PAIVA1; RIFANDREO MONTEIRO BARBOSA1; ROBERTO ALBUQUERQUE PONTES FILHO1 E FRANKLIN ARAGÃO GONDIM1*  1Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Ceará – Campus Maracanaú. Av. Contorno Norte, 10, Distrito Industrial, Maracanaú, Ceará, Brasil. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; *[email protected] (autor correspondente).  2Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Ceará – Campus Jaguaribe. Av. B - Bairro Manoel Costa Moraes, Jaguaribe, Ceará, Brasil. Email: [email protected]  1 RESUMO Objetivou-se identificar os efeitos da utilização de resíduo de carcinicultura sobre o crescimento e sistema enzimático antioxidativo de girassol em condições de estresse hídrico. O trabalho foi conduzido na casa de vegetação do Instituto Federal do Ceará – campus Maracanaú, Ceará, Brasil. As sementes foram semeadas em baldes contendo: 1) areia de granulometria fina; 2) areia + adubo; 3) areia + 7g de resíduo de carcinicultura; 4) areia + 14g de resíduo de carcinicultura. Decorridos 16 dias da semeadura, metade de cada grupo de plântulas descrito foi submetido à suspensão de rega. Foram realizadas 2 coletas:19 e 21 dias após a semeadura. Determinaram-se: as matérias frescas e secas da parte aérea, das raízes e total e as atividades das enzimas antioxidativas em folhas e raízes. De modo geral, a utilização de resíduo de carcinicultura no substrato proporcionou melhoria no crescimento das plantas. Isso pode ter ocorrido devido ao aumento nas atividades das enzimas antioxidativas. Em condições controle, a aplicação de 14g de resíduo ocasionou maiores produções de matéria seca total e atividades das enzimas antioxidativas. Concluiu-se que o resíduo de carcinicultura pode ser uma alternativa aos fertilizantes, reduzindo os custos de produção, além de ser uma destinação adequada ao resíduo de carcinicultura. Palavras-chave: estresse oxidativo, Helianthus annuus L., biofertilizante  BRAGA, B. B.; NUNES JUNIOR, F. H.; PAIVA, S. I. O.; BARBOSA, R. M.; PONTES FILHO, R. A.; GONDIM, F. AEFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION WITH WASTE OF SHRIMP FARMING ON SUNFLOWER PLANTS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS  2 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify the effects of the use of shrimp waste on plant growth and the antioxidative enzymatic defense system of sunflower under drought stress conditions. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology), Maracanaú Campus, Ceará, Brazil. The seeds were sown in plastic pots containing: 1) fine-grained sand; 2) sand + fertilizer; 3) sand + 7g of shrimp waste; 4) sand + 14g shrimp waste. At 16 days after sowing, half of each seedling group described was submitted to irrigation suspension. Two plant harvests were performed: at 19 and 21 days after sowing. The following parameters were determined: shoots, roots and total fresh and dry masses, and activities of antioxidative enzymes in shoots and roots. In general, the use of shrimp waste in the substrate provided higher plant growth. This could be attributed to the increased activity of antioxidative enzymes. Under control conditions, the application of 14g of waste led to higher total dry mass and higher activities of antioxidative enzymes. It is concluded that the shrimp waste may be an alternative to fertilizers, reducing production costs.  Moreover, it seems to be an adequate disposal for shrimp farming waste. Keywords: oxidative stress, Helianthus annuus L., biofertilizer


2004 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. -F. Bert ◽  
G. Dechamp-Guillaume ◽  
F. Serre ◽  
I. Jouan ◽  
D. Tourvieille de Labrouhe ◽  
...  

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