scholarly journals Distributional patterns of ?Mawsoniidae (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAPHAEL MIGUEL ◽  
VALÉRIA GALLO ◽  
JUAN J. MORRONE
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Track Analysis

Mawsoniidae are a fossil family of actinistian fish popularly known as coelacanths, which are found in continental and marine paleoenvironments. The taxon is considered monophyletic, including five valid genera (Axelrodichthys, Chinlea, Diplurus, Mawsonia and Parnaibaia) and 11 genera with some taxonomical controversy (Alcoveria, Changxingia, Garnbergia, Heptanema, Indocoelacanthus, Libys, Lualabaea, Megalocoelacanthus, Moenkopia, Rhipis and Trachymetopon). The genera restricted to the Northern Hemisphere (Diplurus and Chinlea) possess the oldest records (Late Triassic), whereas those found in the Southern Hemisphere (Mawsonia, Axelrodichthys, and Parnaibaia) extend from Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous, especially in Brazil and Africa. We identified distributional patterns of Mawsoniidae, applying the panbiogeographical method of track analysis, and obtained three generalized tracks (GTs): GT1 (Northeastern Newark) in strata of the Newark Group (Upper Triassic); GT2 (Midwestern Gondwana) in the Lualaba Formation (Upper Jurassic); and GT3 (Itapecuru-Alcântara-Santana) in the Itapecuru-Alcântara-Santana formations (Lower Cretaceous). The origin of Mawsoniidae can be dated to at least Late Triassic of Pangaea. The tectonic events related to the breakup of Pangaea and Gondwana and the evolution of the oceans are suggested as the vicariant events modeling the distribution of this taxon throughout the Mesozoic.

scholarly journals A new, nearly complete stem turtle from the Jurassic of South America with implications for turtle evolution

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sterli
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Closure Mechanism

Turtles have been known since the Upper Triassic (210 Myr old); however, fossils recording the first steps of turtle evolution are scarce and often fragmentary. As a consequence, one of the main questions is whether living turtles (Testudines) originated during the Late Triassic (210 Myr old) or during the Middle to Late Jurassic ( ca 160 Myr old). The discovery of the new fossil turtle, Condorchelys antiqua gen. et sp. nov., from the Middle to Upper Jurassic ( ca 160–146 Myr old) of South America (Patagonia, Argentina), presented here sheds new light on early turtle evolution. An updated cladistic analysis of turtles shows that C. antiqua and other fossil turtles are not crown turtles, but stem turtles. This cladistic analysis also shows that stem turtles were more diverse than previously thought, and that until the Middle to Upper Jurassic there were turtles without the modern jaw closure mechanism.

scholarly journals A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Late Triassic of Argentina and the early origin of the herbivore opisthodontians

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1772) ◽  
pp. 20132057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo N. Martínez ◽  
Cecilia Apaldetti ◽  
Carina E. Colombi ◽  
Angel Praderio ◽  
Eliana Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Northwestern Argentina ◽  
Successful Group ◽  
Early Origin

Sphenodontians were a successful group of rhynchocephalian reptiles that dominated the fossil record of Lepidosauria during the Triassic and Jurassic. Although evidence of extinction is seen at the end of the Laurasian Early Cretaceous, they appeared to remain numerically abundant in South America until the end of the period. Most of the known Late Cretaceous record in South America is composed of opisthodontians, the herbivorous branch of Sphenodontia, whose oldest members were until recently reported to be from the Kimmeridgian–Tithonian (Late Jurassic). Here, we report a new sphenodontian, Sphenotitan leyesi gen. et sp. nov., collected from the Upper Triassic Quebrada del Barro Formation of northwestern Argentina. Phylogenetic analysis identifies Sphenotitan as a basal member of Opisthodontia, extending the known record of opisthodontians and the origin of herbivory in this group by 50 Myr.

A new species of Crenoptychoptera Kalugina, 1985 (Diptera: Ptychopteridae) from the Middle–Late Jurassic of Jiyuan Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 027-029
Author(s):  
YU-MING LIU ◽  
DI-YING HUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
The Family ◽  
Extinct Genus ◽  
A New Species

Ptychopteridae is an ancient and rather diverse nematoceran family with three extant and 12 fossil genera subdivided into 80 extinct species belonging to five subfamilies (Eskov & Lukashevich, 2015; Lukashevich, 2019, 2020; Liu & Huang, 2020). Several undescribed ptychopterid larvae from the Upper Triassic of Germany represent the oldest record of the family (Barth et al., 2011). Crenoptychoptera Kalugina, 1985, an extinct genus belonging to the subfamily Eoptychopterinae Handlirsch, 1906, includes seven described species. All these species were recorded from the Lower Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous of Eurasia: C. dobbertinensis Ansorge, 1998 from the Lower Jurassic of the Former Clay in Germany (Lukashevich et al., 1998), C. conspecta Lukashevich, 1995 from the Lower Jurassic of Ust-Baley in Russia (Lukashevich, 1995), the type species C. antica Kalugina, 1985 and C. defossa Kalugina, 1985 from the Middle Jurassic of the Kubekovo in Russia (Kalugina & Kovalev, 1985), C. bavarica Krzemiński & Ansorge, 1995 from the Upper Jurassic of Wegscheid in Germany (Krzemiński & Ansorge, 1995), C. liturata Lukashevich, 2011 from Upper Jurassic of Shar Teg in Mongolia, and C. gronskayae Kalugina, 1989 from the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous of Kempendyay in Russia (Kalugina, 1989; Lukashevich, 2011). Three species discovered from the Daohugou beds of China have been assigned to Crenoptychoptera (Hao et al., 2009), but a following study suggested that they should be placed in Axymyiidae (Zhang, 2010).

The systematic position of the Late Jurassic alleged dinosaur Macelognathus (Crocodylomorpha: Sphenosuchia)

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula B Göhlich ◽  
Luis M Chiappe ◽  
James M Clark ◽  
Hans-Dieter Sues
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Morrison Formation ◽  
Postcranial Skeleton ◽  
Western Colorado ◽  
New Material ◽  
Limb Posture

Macelognathus vagans was described by O.C. Marsh in 1884, based on a mandibular symphysis from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Wyoming. Often considered a dinosaur but later tentatively referred to the Crocodylia, its phylogenetic identity has until now been enigmatic. New material of this species from the Morrison Formation of western Colorado demonstrates its affinities with basal crocodylomorphs commonly grouped together as the Sphenosuchia, which are characterized by a gracile postcranial skeleton with erect limb posture. Macelognathus shares features with Kayentasuchus from the Lower Jurassic Kayenta Formation of Arizona and Hallopus, which may be from the Morrison Formation of eastern Colorado. The new material constitutes the youngest definitive occurrence of a sphenosuchian, previously known from the Late Triassic to the Middle or Late? Jurassic.

THE REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF THE BONAPARTE GULF TIMOR SEA AREA

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Laws ◽  
Gregory P. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Structural Configuration ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Timor Sea ◽  
Early Palaeozoic ◽  
Sea Area

The present structural configuration of the Bonaparte Gulf-Timor Sea area is essentially the result of Mesozoic and Tertiary fragmentation of a once relatively simple Permo-Triassic Basin. A northwest-southeast Palaeozoic structural grain in the southeastern portion of the area resulted from early Palaeozoic faulting, possibly tied to aborted rift development. This faulting effectively controlled sedimentation throughout the Phanerozoic. Pronounced northeast-southwest Jurassic to Tertiary structural trends dominate the central and northern area, paralleling the present edge of the continental shelf and swinging south southwest into the northern extension of the Browse Basin. Post-Palaeozoic epeirogenies which had the greatest effect on the regional structural pattern occurred in the mid-Jurassic, Early Cretaceous, within the Eocene and in the Plio-Pleistocene.The Kimberley and Sturt Blocks flanking the basin to the south and east constituted the most important source areas for clastic sedimentation throughout the Phanerozoic. Periodic contributions during the Mesozoic were derived from a postulated source to the northwest in the vicinity of the present-day Timor Trough.The maximum thickness of Phanerozoic sediments present within the Bonaparte Gulf-Timor Sea area exceeds 50,000 ft (15,000 m). Early Palaeozoic to Carboniferous evaporites, carbonates and clastics are unconformably overlain by a thick sequence of Permian deltaic sediments in the southeastern Bonaparte Gulf Basin. This is succeeded by a Triassic to Middle Jurassic transgressive-regressive clastic sequence, grading northwestward to marginal marine and marine clastics and carbonates. The Permian to mid-Jurassic sediments are unconformably overlain by Upper Jurassic sands and shales, mainly fluvial in the southeast and north, becoming more marine westward. These clastics are everywhere succeeded by a monotonous sequence of Cretaceous shales and shaly limestones followed by a generally north to northwesterly thickening wedge of Tertiary carbonates and minor elastics.Hydrocarbon shows have been noted offshore in rocks of Carboniferous, Permian, Late Jurassic, Late Cretaceous and Eocene age. Porous clastics in conjunction with thick and laterally-extensive, organically-rich shales are present within the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sequences. These sediments, in association with fault- and diapir-related anomalies and stratigraphic plays, combine to make certain provinces of the Bonaparte Gulf-Timor Sea area prospective in the search for viable oil and gas reserves.

scholarly journals The significance of zircon U-Pb ages in the Ba river basin to the timing of major tectonic stages of Kontum massif

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Dinh Hung ◽  
Yukiyasu Tsutsumi ◽  
Toshifumi Komatsu ◽  
Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Nguyen Ba Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Dating ◽  
Middle Permian ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Formation And Evolution

Ba River originates from the Ngoc Linh mountain ranges, NW of Kontum massif and flows into the East Sea from the Da Rang estuary. The Ba River basin (Da Rang river) is considered as the means of transport and storage of products from the Kontum massif resulted following weathering, erosion or deformation processes either by natural causes or the regional thermo-tectonic events. A total of 122 zircon grains separated from the Ba River basin sediments are selected for U-Pb isotopic age dating by LA-ICP-MS method. Among the 122 samples, 114 are concordant, forming 3 major age groups, including middle-Late Cretaceous (105–85 Ma), Middle Permian - Late Triassic (270–211 Ma), Late Ordovician - Early Silurian (455–424 Ma). A few samples show ages scattering from 1470 to 970 Ma (Mesoproterozoic), and one sample shows a value of 2383±24 Ma (Paleoproterozoic). The acquired U-Pb zircon ages may reflect 3 major thermo- tectonic stages in the formation and evolution of the Kontum Massif from the Early Paleoproterozoic till middle-Late Cretaceous, with the most significant time being Middle Permian (270 Ma)-Late Triassic (211 Ma) (97 over 122 samples, e.g., 79,5%), corresponding to the period of convergence, collision and orogeny of the Indosinian block.  

THE AGE DISTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM IN AUSTRALIA

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
P. R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Trap Formation ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Siliciclastic Rocks ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Middle Proterozoic

Although significant reserves of petroleum have been located in relatively few Australian provinces, when the host rocks of all Australian discoveries are plotted against geological time, there are few systems which do not contain reserves. When geochemical indications are included, Australia has a capacity to yield hydrocarbons from rocks as old as the Middle Proterozoic. When reserves are considered in terms of tectonic events, mid-Carboniferous, Late Triassic, mid-Jurassic and Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic phases of deformation have been responsible for the bulk of the petroleum traps. The least understood of these phases, that in the Cenozoic, was quantitatively the most significant in that it largely controlled trap formation in the Gippsland, Surat, Otway, Cooper, Eromanga and Carnarvon Basins. Reservoirs are dominantly in siliciclastic rocks deposited in environments ranging from alluvial to shelfal marine. The climatic and tectonic histories of the continent have resulted in it being more gas-prone than world averages.

Proapocritus lini sp. nov., a new ephialtitid wasp (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) from the Middle-Upper Jurassic of Daohugou, NE China

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 054-058
Author(s):  
HAICHUN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Ne China ◽  
Basal Group

The Ephialtitidae is an extinct family of wasps, with 29 genera reported from the Lower Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, Russia, Spain, Germany and Brazil, and flourished in the Middle–Late Jurassic (Meunier, 1903; Rasnitsyn, 1975, 1977, 1990, 1999, 2008a, b; Zessin, 1981, 1985; Zhang, 1986; Darling & Sharkey, 1990; Rasnitsyn & Ansorge, 2000; Rasnitsyn & Martínez-Delclòs, 2000; Zhang et al., 2002; Rasnitsyn et al., 2003; Rasnitsyn & Zhang, 2004, 2010; Zhang et al., 2010; Ding et al., 2013, 2016; Li et al., 2013, 2014, 2015; Zhang et al., 2014). It is considered to be the most basal group of the Apocrita, one of two suborders of the order Hymenoptera (Rasnitsyn & Zhang, 2010).

Pre-Quaternary landscape evolution in the Scottish Highlands

1991 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
Relief Elements

ABSTRACTThe development of the relief of the Scottish Highlands is traced over the last 400 Ma. Evidence from Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments and near-surface volcanic and igneous rocks shows that post-Devonian erosion of basement has been < 1–2 km and that the main morphotectonic units of the Highlands were already established by the end of the Palaeozoic. During the Mesozoic, the Highlands experienced several major erosional cycles, beginning with uplift, reactivation of relief and stripping of cover rocks, followed by progressive reduction of relief through etchplanation and culminating in extensive marine transgressions in the Late Triassic, Late Jurassic and Late Cretaceous. In the Early Tertiary major uplift affected the Highlands, with downwarping and block movements along basin margins, but levels of uplift and denudation around the Tertiary igneous centres cannot be extrapolated to other areas. Buchan and Caithness remained relatively stable and Mesozoic relief elements were maintained during gradual surface lowering. Earth movements of lesser magnitude continued episodically until at least the end of the Tertiary. After 50 Ma the Highland terrain evolved by dynamic etching, with deep weathering of varied geology under warm to temperate humid environments leading to a progressive differentiation of relief, with formation of basins, valleys, scarps and inselbergs often closely adjusted to lithostructural controls.

Late Mesozoic bipolar bivalve faunas

1986 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Crame
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Cool Temperate

AbstractBipolar bivalve genera probably existed through the greater part of late Mesozoic (i.e. late Jurassic–late Cretaceous) time. Of the various theories put forward to account for their presence, those based on some form of global climatic zonation seem most appropriate. Although equatorial–polar temperature gradients were substantially less in late Mesozoic time than at the present day, high latitude regions were subjected to temperate (or even cool-temperate) climatic regimes. Macrobenthonic marine faunas may have been more susceptible to differentiation in response to these climatic patterns than nektonic ones. This is particularly so in the late Mesozoic strata of the Southern Hemisphere.

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