Anesthetic activity and bio-guided fractionation of the essential oil of Aloysia gratissima (Gillies & Hook.) Tronc. in silver catfish Rhamdia quelen

This work aimed to determine the efficacy of the essential oil of A. gratissima as anesthetic for silver catfish, and to perform the bio-guided fractionation of essential oil aiming to isolate compounds responsible for the noted effects. Fish were submitted to anesthesia bath with essential oil, its fractions and isolated compounds to determine time of anesthetic induction and recovery. Eugenol (50 mg L-1) was used as positive control. Essential oil of A. gratissima was effective as an anesthetic at concentrations of 300 to 900 mg L-1. Fish presented involuntary muscle contractions during induction and recovery. The bio-guided fractionation of essential oil furnishedE-(-)-pinocamphone, (-)-caryophyllene oxide, (-)-guaiol and (+)-spathulenol. E-(-)-pinocamphone caused the same side effects observed for essential oil. (-)-Caryophyllene oxide, (-)-guaiol and (+)-spathulenol showed only sedative effects at proportional concentrations to those of the constituents in essential oil. (+)-Spathulenol (51.2 mg L-1) promoted deep anesthesia without side effects. A higher concentration of (+)-spathulenol, and lower or absent amounts ofE-(-)-pinocamphone could contribute to increase the activity and safety of the essential oil of A. gratissima. (+)-Spathulenol showed potent sedative and anesthetic activities in silver catfish, and could be considered as a viable compound for the development of a new anesthetic.

Download Full-text

Anesthetic activity of Brazilian native plants in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000200014 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 443-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Lenise de Lima Silva ◽

Daniela Thomas da Silva ◽

Quelen Iane Garlet ◽

Mauro Alves Cunha ◽

Carlos Augusto Mallmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Side Effects ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Native Plants ◽

Anesthetic Activity ◽

Caryophyllene Oxide ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Increasing Demand

There is an increasing demand for inexpensive and safe anesthetics that can reduce fish stress caused by some procedures such as capture and handling. In this context, the present study evaluated the potential of essential oils (EO) of three Brazilian native plants (Hesperozygis ringens, Lippia sidoides and Ocotea acutifolia) as anesthetics for the silver catfish - Rhamdia quelen. Moreover, an analysis was made of the chemical composition of these oils and their influence on stress parameter. EO of H. ringens and O. acutifolia were effective as anesthetics, without behavioral side effects. EO of O. acutifolia (150 µL L-1) promoted an increase in blood glucose level. Regarding to the composition, pulegone accounts for 96.63% of the EO of H. ringens, and caryophyllene oxide amounts to 56.90% of the EO of O. acutifolia. Two chemotypes, thymol and carvacrol (68.40% and 67.89%, respectively) were verified for EO of L. sidoides. Both samples of EO of L. sidoides showed anesthetic activity in silver catfish, but exposure also caused loss of mucus and mortality. Thus, only the EO of H. ringens and O. acutifolia are advised for anesthetic use

Download Full-text

Anesthetic activity of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla and effectiveness in reducing stress during transport of albino and gray strains of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10695-013-9845-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 323-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Thaylise V. Parodi ◽

Mauro A. Cunha ◽

Alexssandro G. Becker ◽

Carla C. Zeppenfeld ◽

Dirlaine I. Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Anesthetic Activity ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Reducing Stress ◽

Aloysia Triphylla

Download Full-text

Anesthetic activity of the essential oil of Ocimum americanum in Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) and its effects on stress parameters

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20150012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 715-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lenise de Lima Silva ◽

Quelen Iane Garlet ◽

Gessi Koakoski ◽

Murilo Sander de Abreu ◽

Carlos Augusto Mallmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Anesthetic Activity ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Basal Group ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Ocimum Americanum ◽

Stress Parameters

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic activity of the essential oil (EO) of Ocimum americanum L. in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen ). In the first experiment, the depressor effects and chemical composition of the leaf EO (LEO) and inflorescence EO (IEO) were compared. Juveniles (n = 10) were placed in aquaria containing different concentrations of EO (25 - 500 mg L-1) to determine the point at which anesthesia was induced and the length of the recovery period. In the following experiment, the effects of 300 and 500 mg L-1 LEO exposure on stress parameters (plasma cortisol, glucose and sodium levels) after air exposure for 1 min were assayed. Fish (n = 10 per sampling time) were sampled immediately or transferred to anesthetic-free aquaria until sampling (15, 30, 60 or 240 min). LEO was composed mainly of β-linalool and 1,8-cineole in similar proportions, whereas IEO showed β-linalool as major compound. Anesthesia was obtained in silver catfish with 200-500 mg L-1 between 4-8 min for LEO and 6-16 min for IEO. Lower EO concentrations did not reach anesthetic stage up to 30 min. LEO used as anesthetic prevented the cortisol increase and sodium loss induced by aerial exposure. Glucose levels were raised in catfish exposed to LEO compared to basal group (not air exposed) in almost all observation times. EO of O. americanum obtained from leaves was considered suitable to anesthetic procedures due to its fast induction and handling-induced stress prevention.

Download Full-text

Citral and linalool chemotypes of Lippia alba essential oil as anesthetics for fish: a detailed physiological analysis of side effects during anesthetic recovery in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10695-017-0410-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 21-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Carine de Freitas Souza ◽

Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera ◽

Adriane Erbice Bianchini ◽

Elisia Gomes da Silva ◽

Rosa Helena Veraz Mourão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Lippia Alba ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Physiological Analysis

Download Full-text

Oxidative stability during frozen storage of fillets from silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen ) sedated with the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla during transport

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140241 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 560-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ana Paula Daniel ◽

Lauren Fresinghelli Ferreira ◽

Bruna Klein ◽

Amanda Roggia Ruviaro ◽

Andréia Quatrin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Lipid Oxidation ◽

Oxidative Stability ◽

Frozen Storage ◽

Storage Period ◽

Oxidation Products ◽

Secondary Products ◽

Silver Catfish ◽

Rhamdia Quelen ◽

Aloysia Triphylla

ABSTRACT: This research aimed to evaluate whether the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (EOAT) used in vivo as a sedative in the water for transporting fish could increase the oxidative stability of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) fillets during frozen storage. The chemical composition of EOAT and of fillets from fish exposed to EOAT (0, 30 or 40µL L-1) were assessed. The pH and lipid oxidation parameters (conjugated dienes, CD; thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances, TBARS) were evaluated in the fillets throughout the storage period (-18±2oC/17 months). The main compounds found in EOAT were α- and β-citral. Treatment with EOAT did not modify the proximate composition of the fillets, but 40µL L-1 EOAT reduced pH levels when compared to the control fillets (P<0.05). Compared to the control fillets, the fillets from fish treated with 30 and 40µL L-1 EOAT had higher initial CD values (P<0.05), whereas fillets from fish treated with 40µL L-1 EOAT had lower TBARS levels after 6, 9 and 17 months of storage (P<0.05). Results indicated that use of EOAT as a sedative in silver catfish transport water delays the degradation of primary oxidation products (CD) into secondary products (TBARS) in the frozen fillets. This delay in the lipid oxidation rate may increase the shelf life of frozen fillets.

Download Full-text