Temporal dynamics of the response to Al stress in Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Lipid peroxidation and root elongation of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis were studied under stress conditions in response to aluminum (Al), a metal known to limit agricultural productivity in acidic soils primarily due to reduced root elongation. In Brazil, the Grancam 1277 hybrid (E. grandis × E. camaldulensis) has been planted in the "Cerrado", a region of the country with a wide occurrence of acidic soils. The present study demonstrated that the hybrid exhibited root growth reduction and increased levels of lipid peroxidation after 24h of treatment with 100 µM of Al, which was followed by a reduction in lipid peroxidation levels and the recovery of root elongation after 48h of Al exposure, suggesting a rapid response to the early stressful conditions induced by Al. The understanding of the temporal dynamics of Al tolerance may be useful for selecting more tolerant genotypes and for identifying genes of interest for applications in bioengineering.

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Genome-wide identification and transcriptional analyses of MATE transporter genes in root tips of wild Cicer spp. under aluminium stress

10.1101/2020.04.27.063065 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xia Zhang ◽

Brayden Weir ◽

Hongru Wei ◽

Zhiwei Deng ◽

Xiaoqi Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Root Elongation ◽

Transcriptional Profiling ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Relative Reduction ◽

Root Tips ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Encoding Genes ◽

Al Treatment

AbstractChickpea is an economically important legume crop with high nutritional value in human diets. Aluminium-toxicity poses a significant challenge for the yield improvement of this increasingly popular crop in acidic soils. The wild progenitors of chickpea may provide a more diverse gene pool for Al-tolerance in chickpea breeding. However, the genetic basis of Al-tolerance in chickpea and its wild relatives remains largely unknown. Here, we assessed the Al-tolerance of six selected wild Cicer accessions by measuring the root elongation in solution culture under control (0 µM Al3+) and Al-treatment (30 µM Al3+) conditions. Al-treatment significantly reduced the root elongation in all target lines compared to the control condition after 2-day’s growth. However, the relative reduction of root elongation in different lines varied greatly: 3 lines still retained significant root growth under Al-treatment, whilst another 2 lines displayed no root growth at all. We performed genome-wide identification of multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) encoding genes in the Cicer genome. A total of 56 annotated MATE genes were identified, which divided into 4 major phylogeny groups (G1-4). Four homologues to lupin LaMATE (> 50% aa identity; named CaMATE1-4) were clustered with previously characterised MATEs related to Al-tolerance in various other plants. qRT-PCR showed that CaMATE2 transcription in root tips was significantly up-regulated upon Al-treatment in all target lines, whilst CaMATE1 was up-regulated in all lines except Bari2_074 and Deste_064, which coincided with the lines displaying no root growth under Al-treatment. Transcriptional profiling in five Cicer tissues revealed that CaMATE1 is specifically transcribed in the root tissue, further supporting its role in Al-detoxification in roots. This first identification of MATE-encoding genes associated with Al-tolerance in Cicer paves the ways for future functional characterization of MATE genes in Cicer spp., and to facilitate future design of gene-specific markers for Al-tolerant line selection in chickpea breeding programs.

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Genotypic variation in adaptation to soil acidity in local upland rice varieties

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262114000896 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 206-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Suwannee Laenoi ◽

Nattinee Phattarakul ◽

Sansanee Jamjod ◽

Narit Yimyam ◽

Bernard Dell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Pure Line ◽

Wetland Rice ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Acidic Soils ◽

Rice Varieties

Local upland rice germplasm is an invaluable resource for farmers who grow rice on acidic soils without flooding that benefits wetland rice. In this study, we evaluated the adaptation to soil acidity in common local upland rice varieties from an area with acidic soil in Thailand. Tolerance to hydrogen and aluminium (Al) toxicity was determined by measuring root growth, plant dry weight and phosphorus (P) uptake in aerated solution culture without the supplementation of Al (0 mg/l) at pH 7 and 4 and with the supplementation of 10, 20 and 30 mg Al/l at pH 4. The root growth of upland rice plants grown from farmers' seed was depressed less by Al than that of common wetland rice varieties. Pure-line genotypes of upland rice varieties were differentiated into several classes of Al tolerance, with frequency distribution of the classes that sometimes differed between the accessions of the same varieties. The effect of Al tolerance on root length was closely correlated with depression by Al in root dry weight and whole-plant P content. A source for adaptation to soil acidity for exploitation in the genetic improvement of aerobic and rainfed rice is clearly found among local upland rice varieties grown on acidic soils. However, the variation in tolerance to soil acidity within and among the seed lots of the same varieties maintained by individual farmers as well as among the varieties needs to be taken into consideration.

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The root growth reduction in response to mechanical stress involves ethylene-mediated microtubule reorganization and transmembrane receptor-mediated signal transduction in Arabidopsis

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-020-02653-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 575-582

Author(s):

Takashi Okamoto ◽

Shogo Takatani ◽

Hiroyasu Motose ◽

Hidetoshi Iida ◽

Taku Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Root Growth ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Root Growth Reduction

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A Comparative Study on Root Traits of Spring and Winter Canola (Brassica napus L.) under Controlled and Water Stressed Conditions

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n7p58 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Muhammad Arif Uz Zaman ◽

Mukhlesur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Primary Root ◽

Root Traits ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Winter Type ◽

Root Parameters ◽

Root Growth Reduction ◽

Root Vigor

Root system in canola (Brassica napus L.) varies largely in different growth habit types. A study was conducted with five winter and five spring types of canola germplasm. The objective was to identify the gradual change of root traits at different growth habits stages under controlled and water stressed conditions. Two experiments, controlled and water stressed, were conducted in a greenhouse. Data on different root traits were collected at 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after planting. In controlled experiment, no significant difference was observed for root traits between winter and spring types at 30 days after planting. However, significant variations were appeared for taproot length (F = 10.17***) and root dry weight (F = 16.96***) between winter and spring types at 40 days after planting. All other root parameters such as basal taproot diameter (F = 22.14***), bottom taproot diameter (F = 4.59*), primary root branches (F = 78.70***) and root vigor (F = 47.18***) were significantly higher in the winter types compared to those of the spring types at 60 days after planting. Growth pattern curves indicated that all the root traits of spring types increased in a steady fashion, where the root traits of winter types increased rapidly after 40 days of planting. In water stressed experiment, the water stress was applied from 20 to 60 days after planting, and data was taken at 60 days after planting. All the root parameters except taproot length were significantly (P < 0.001) lower in the stressed spring and winter plants compared to the control plants. The root growth reduction in stressed winter type germplasms was higher. Basal taproot diameter, bottom taproot diameter, primary root branches, root vigor, and root dry weight were decreased by 43%, 63%, 19%, 31% and 53%, respectively in stressed winter type plants. In contrast, the root growth reduction of the spring type germplasms were relatively lower. This study indicated that winter type canola generates vigorous root system in comparison to spring types under normal growing conditions, but ceases its root growth rate more than the spring types under water stressed conditions.

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Omeprazole Enhances Mechanical Stress-Induced Root Growth Reduction in Arabidopsis thaliana

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcy131 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 1581-1591 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Takashi Okamoto ◽

Shogo Takatani ◽

Yoshiteru Noutoshi ◽

Hiroyasu Motose ◽

Taku Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Root Growth ◽

Mechanical Stress ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Root Growth Reduction

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Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Radish Sprouts: Root Growth Reduction and Modifications in the Nutritional Value

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2016.00090 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Nubia Zuverza-Mena ◽

Raul Armendariz ◽

Jose R. Peralta-Videa ◽

Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Root Growth ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Radish Sprouts ◽

Root Growth Reduction

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Evaluation of Aluminum Sensitivity in Barrel Medic Germplasm

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.141.3.249 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 141 (3) ◽

pp. 249-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yawadee Srimake ◽

Susan C. Miyasaka

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Root Elongation ◽

Arable Land ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Al Tolerance ◽

Crop Species ◽

Barrel Medic ◽

Staining Score ◽

Relative Root Growth ◽

Relative Root

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils is a major constraint to global agricultural production, affecting ≈30% of the world’s arable land area. To study Al tolerance in barrel medic (Medicago truncatula), we assessed responses to excess Al in 91 accessions collected from different geographic regions. Root elongations were used to characterize the sensitivity of each accession. Seedlings were grown in an agarose medium that contained three levels of Al (50, 100, and 200 µm), and root elongation was measured at 72 hours after exposure to Al. The ratio of root elongation in the presence and absence of Al [relative root growth (RRG)] differed among accessions. At 50 µm Al, we observed the greatest range of intraspecific variation. Aluminum sensitivity of 30 accessions was tested further by hematoxylin staining. Relative root growth was regressed linearly against the visual staining score, and a significant, negative, linear relationship was found between RRG at 50 or 100 µm Al and the intensity of staining scores. Twelve selected accessions differing in their resistance were grown in Al-toxic soil to confirm their Al response. Such information could be useful in breeding or selecting for improved Al tolerance in barrel medic, as well as other crop species.

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Eucalypt Clonal Hybrid Influences the Carbon Amount of Below-Ground Biomass in Oxisol, Brazil

Environmental Sciences Proceedings ◽

10.3390/iecf2020-07868 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Grasiele Dick ◽

Humberto J. Eufrade-Junior ◽

Mauro V. Schumacher ◽

Gileno B. Azevedo ◽

Saulo P. S. Guerra

Keyword(s):

Carbon Concentration ◽

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Homogeneity Of Variances ◽

Below Ground ◽

Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽

Carbon Determination ◽

Hybrid Clones

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is an influence of different clonal hybrids of Eucalyptus urophylla on the carbon concentration and amount in below-ground biomass in trees cultivated in Oxisol, Brazil. Stumps and roots of three different eucalypt hybrid clones, AEC 0144, AEC 0223, and VM01, were selected, weighed immediately after being removed from the ground, and sampled for carbon determination and moisture content at the laboratory. The Shapiro-Wilk and Bartlett tests were used to evaluate data distribution and the homogeneity of variances, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Scott-Knott test was used to evaluate the effects of specie/hybrid on the below-ground biomass (dry matter) and carbon amount per stump. The hybrid type of Eucalyptus urophylla does not influence the carbon concentration; however, there is a difference in below-ground biomass production and carbon amount with it being higher for Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus camaldulensis when compared to the species Eucalyptus urophylla and hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis.

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Overexpressing the HD-Zip class II transcription factor EcHB1 from Eucalyptus camaldulensis increased the leaf photosynthesis and drought tolerance of Eucalyptus

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50610-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Keisuke Sasaki ◽

Yuuki Ida ◽

Sakihito Kitajima ◽

Tetsu Kawazu ◽

Takashi Hibino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Leucine Zipper ◽

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽

Class Ii ◽

Cell Multiplication ◽

Leaf Photosynthesis ◽

Unit Leaf

Abstract Alteration in the leaf mesophyll anatomy by genetic modification is potentially a promising tool for improving the physiological functions of trees by improving leaf photosynthesis. Homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are candidates for anatomical alterations of leaves through modification of cell multiplication, differentiation, and expansion. Full-length cDNA encoding a Eucalyptus camaldulensis HD-Zip class II transcription factor (EcHB1) was over-expressed in vivo in the hybrid Eucalyptus GUT5 generated from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. Overexpression of EcHB1 induced significant modification in the mesophyll anatomy of Eucalyptus with enhancements in the number of cells and chloroplasts on a leaf-area basis. The leaf-area-based photosynthesis of Eucalyptus was improved in the EcHB1-overexpression lines, which was due to both enhanced CO2 diffusion into chloroplasts and increased photosynthetic biochemical functions through increased number of chloroplasts per unit leaf area. Additionally, overexpression of EcHB1 suppressed defoliation and thus improved the growth of Eucalyptus trees under drought stress, which was a result of reduced water loss from trees due to the reduction in leaf area with no changes in stomatal morphology. These results gave us new insights into the role of the HD-Zip II gene.

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