scholarly journals The correlation between EDSS and cognitive impairment in MS patients. Assessment of a Brazilian population using a BICAMS version

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 974-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. G. de Caneda ◽  
Maria Cecília A. de Vecino
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Learning Test

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) may present with a cognitive impairment as disabling as the physical disabilities. Therefore, routine cognitive evaluation is pivotal. Valid and reliable neuropsychological tests are essential in follow-up and to define future therapeutic interventions. Objectives To investigate the correlation between the disabilities of MS patients and their cognitive impairment assessed by the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS). Methods Forty patients with definitive diagnoses of MS were selected. The correlation coefficient (r) between the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the neuropsychological tests of BICAMS were calculated. Results The correlation was clinically substantial and significant with r = 0.55 (p < 0.01) in the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), 0.54 (p < 0.01) in the Brief Visuospacial Memory Test (BVMT) and 0.40 (p < 0.05) in the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Conclusion BICAMS has easy and satisfactory application and evaluation for routine visits and presents a significant correlation with the EDSS. Its use may be indicated for screening and monitoring of cognitive impairment in patients with MS.

Memantine for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Lovera ◽  
E. Frohman ◽  
TR Brown ◽  
D. Bandari ◽  
L. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Free Recall ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Self Report ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Learning Test

Background: Memantine, an NMDA antagonist, is effective for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: Determine whether memantine improves cognitive performance (CP) among subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) and cognitive impairment (CI). Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00300716) compared memantine 10 mg twice a day (4 week titration followed by 12 weeks on the highest tolerated dose) with placebo. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to exit on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) Long Delay Free Recall (LDFR). Secondary outcomes included additional neuropsychological tests; self-report measures of quality of life, fatigue, and depression; and family/caregiver reports of subjects’ CI and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Results: The differences between the groups on the change on the PASAT (placebo—memantine = 0.0 correct responses, 95% CI 3.4, 3.4; p = 0.9) and on CVLT-II LDFR (placebo—memantine =—0.6 words, 95% CI —2.1, 0.8; p = 0.4) as well as on the other cognitive tests were not significant. Subjects on memantine had no serious adverse events (AEs) but had more fatigue and neurological AEs as well as, per family members’ reports, less cognitive improvement and greater neuropsychiatric symptoms than subjects on placebo. Conclusion: Memantine 10 mg twice a day does not improve CP in subjects with MS, ages 18—65, without major depression, who have subjective cognitive complaints and perform worse than one SD below the mean on the PASAT or on the California Verbal Learning Test-II (total recall or delayed free recall).

White Matter Changes and Cognitive Decline in a Ten-Year Follow-Up Period: A Pilot Study on a Single-Center Cohort from the Leukoaraiosis and Disability Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 303-313
Author(s):  
Sofia Madureira ◽  
Ana Verdelho ◽  
Carla Moleiro ◽  
Catarina Santos ◽  
Philip Scheltens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Neuropsychological Predictors ◽  
Learning Test

Aims: To describe the contribution of white matter lesions to the long-term neuropsychological profiles of different groups of clinical diagnoses, and to identify neuropsychological predictors of cognitive impairment in a 10-year follow-up. Methods: The Lisbon subcohort of the Leukoaraiosis and Disability (LADIS) study was re-evaluated performing a clinical, functional and cognitive evaluation [including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognition (ADAS-Cog) and ADAS-Cog with the extension for vascular impairment (VADAS-Cog), the 9-word version of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-9), the Trail-Making test and the Stroop test] as well as an MRI scan. Using clinical diagnostic criteria, participants were identified as having no cognitive impairment (NI), cognitive impairment but no dementia (CIND) or dementia (DEM), and the effect of time on clinical diagnosis and neuropsychological profiles was analyzed. Results: From the initial group of 66 participants, 37 out of 41 survivors (90%) were re-evaluated (mean age 81.40 years, 57% women). Fifteen patients (41%) had DEM, 12 (32%) CIND and 10 (27%) NI. Over time, the three groups presented distinct profiles in the MMSE [F2, 62 = 15.85, p = 0.000], ADAS [F2, 62 = 15.85, p = 0.000] and VADAS [F2, 48 = 5.87, p = 0.008]. Logistic regression analysis identified higher scores on MMSE (β = 1.14, p = 0.03, OR = 3.13, 95% CI 1.09-8.97) as predictors of NI after 10 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Higher scores on baseline MMSE were the only neuropsychological predictors of NI after 10 years.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in Indonesia and the Correlation with Quality of Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Riwanti Estiasari ◽  
Yuhyi Fajrina ◽  
Diatri Nari Lastri ◽  
Syarli Melani ◽  
Kartika Maharani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Introduction. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can affect cognitive function that might interfere with quality of life. Processing speed and memory are the most common area of cognitive impairment. Cognitive evaluation in daily practice is often difficult to be performed since it needs neuropsychological expert and is time-consuming. Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) is valid and practical for cognitive evaluation. This study aims to validate BICAMS in Indonesian MS patients and healthy controls (HC) and to analyse the effect of cognitive impairment on quality of life. Methods. BICAMS, which composes Symbol Digits Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Indonesian from the original BICAMS and then administered to 40 Indonesian MS patients and 66 HC matched by sex, age, and education. Test-retest reliability was performed on 16-MS patients and 42 HC. Quality of life was measured using Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life (MSQOL-54) instrument. Results. The SDMT, CVLT-II, and BVMT-R score in MS patients were significantly lower than those in HC (effect size, r: 0.61, 0.36, and 0.47, respectively). Test-retest reliability for all tests was satisfactory with correlation coefficient for SDMT, CVLT-II, and BVMT-R in MS subjects 0.86, 0.81, and 0.83, respectively. Using 5th percentile of HC score as cut-off, 15% MS subjects had impairment in one test, 27.5% in two tests, and 40% in three tests. BICAMS was moderately correlated with EDSS but was not correlated with disease duration and relapse rate. SDMT score correlated with physical function and physical and mental role limitation. Conclusion. BICAMS is valid and reliable for assessing cognitive function of Indonesia MS patients.

scholarly journals Sensory Impairment and Algorithmic Classification of Early Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 438-438
Author(s):  
Yuri Agrawal ◽  
Jennifer Schrack ◽  
Alden Gross ◽  
Nicole Armstrong ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Learning Test

Abstract Sensory function has been linked to cognitive impairment and dementia, but the link between multiple sensory impairments and early cognitive impairment (ECI) is unclear. Sensory function (vision, hearing, vestibular, proprioception, and olfaction) was measured in 390 BLSA participants (age=75±8 years; 57% women; 69% white) from 2012 to 2018 over a mean 3.6 years. ECI was defined based on 1 standard deviation below age-and race-specific means in Card Rotations or California Verbal Learning Test immediate recall. Cox proportional hazard models examined the risk of ECI for each sensory impairment and across categories of impairments. Vision impairment (vs. no vision impairment) was associated with a 70% greater risk of ECI (HR=1.70, p=0.05). Participants with 1 or ≥2 sensory impairments had triple the risk of ECI (HR=3.74 and 3.44, p=0.008 and 0.02, respectively) compared to those without impairment. Future studies are needed to examine whether treatment for sensory impairments can modify these risks.

Cognitive impairment at diagnosis predicts 10-year multiple sclerosis progression

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Moccia ◽  
Roberta Lanzillo ◽  
Raffaele Palladino ◽  
Kiara Chu-Mei Chang ◽  
Teresa Costabile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Selective Reminding ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Selective Reminding Test

Background: Cognitive impairment occurs from the early phases of multiple sclerosis (MS), and more frequently affects secondary progressive (SP) subjects than relapsing–remitting (RR). Objective: To investigate relationships between cognitive dysfunctions in newly diagnosed RRMS, and long-term MS-related outcomes. Methods: The present 10-year retrospective longitudinal study included 155 RRMS subjects, tested with the Rao Brief Repeatable Battery at MS diagnosis. The reaching of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4.0, and the SP conversion were recorded. Results: 67 subjects (43.2%) reached EDSS 4.0, and 34 subjects (21.9%) converted to SP during a follow-up period of 10.0±1.8 years. Subjects with cognitive impairment at diagnosis had a rate of reaching EDSS 4.0 more than three times greater ( p<0.001; HR=3.183), and a rate of SP conversion more than two times greater, as compared to cognitively preserved subjects ( p=0.008; HR=2.535). In particular, better scores in the Selective Reminding Test-Delayed Recall and in the Symbol Digit Modalities Test at baseline were associated with lower SP conversion rates during the follow-up period ( p=0.018; HR=0.835; and p=0.001; HR=0.941, respectively). Conclusion: Cognitive impairment, with particular involvement of processing speed and memory, predicts disability progression and SP conversion in newly diagnosed RRMS, highlighting the importance of cognitive assessment from the beginning of MS.

Neurocognitive Predictors of Functioning in Schizophrenia: Five Years Follow Up Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M.L. Vargas ◽  
J.C. Sanz ◽  
N. Jimeno-Bulnes ◽  
S. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Psychiatric Admission ◽  
Processing Speed Index ◽  
Learning Test

Aims:Verbal memory and processing speed are two of the proposed neurocognitive predictors in schizophrenia. the objective is to determinate neurocognitive predictors of functioning in one five years follow-up period on ambulatory schizophrenia patients.Method:We conduct one cohort study on 30 schizophrenia out-patients (19 male; age mean: 32.8 years; SD:7.2). at the moment of inclusion it was applied one neuropsychological battery sensitive to neuropsychological deficit in schizophrenia: WAIS-III, BADS, WCST, Colour Trails, Trail Making A and B, BVRT, California Verbal Learning Test (Spanish version: TAVEC). Variables was summarized determining Z values and principal components. the cohort was prospectively studied for up to five years. as result variables it were considered: time to the first antipsychotic-drug change, time to the first psychiatric admission, and average five-years annual score in the Strauss-Carpenter Outcome Scale. It was constructed Cox and Linear Regression Models to determinate the better predicting neurocognitive components.Results:The better global outcome was directly related with WAIS-III processing speed index (corrected R square: 0.19; p = 0.02; beta constant= 0.469; beta WAIS-III processing speed= 0.125). None predictor was selected for the outcome variable change of antipsychotic. Psychiatric admission was predicted (p=0.006) by implicit learning (beta= -2.19), executive functioning (beta= 1.02), WAIS-III Total IQ (beta= 0.45) and WAIS-III Perceptual Organization Index (beta= -0.20).Conclusion:Higher processing speed index predicts one better functioning outcome during five-years follow-up. the risk for psychiatric admission was heterogeneously related with neurocognitive predictors. Verbal memory did not predict functional outcome.

On the validity of single tests, two-test combinations and the full Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in detecting patients with cognitive impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 1919-1928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Jean Baetge ◽  
Melanie Filser ◽  
Alina Renner ◽  
Sebastian Ullrich ◽  
Christoph Lassek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Learning Test

Background: The international standard to screen for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) is BICAMS (Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS). However, with an application time of approximately 20 minutes, the battery might be too time consuming from a pragmatic perspective of a routine examination. Objectives: To examine the relative sensitivity and specificity of a BICAMS short version and its validity compared to the total battery. Methods: The German BICAMS version was applied comprising the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised (BVMT-R) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; German VLMT). Single tests and two-test combinations were compared regarding conformity with the total battery. Results: Examining 1320 MS patients, the two-test combination of SDMT-BVMT-R was the most sensitive (92.7%) to impairment and showed the strongest agreement with the total battery (κ = 0.95). Performing binary logistic regression analyses, this combination was also validated by its association with employment status. Conclusion: Application of the total BICAMS battery should be the goal to strive for. However, in time-restricted clinical settings, the combined application of SDMT and BVMT-R is a recommendable alternative with an application time of 10 minutes, while single tests alone are not sufficiently sensitive.

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