scholarly journals Characterization of trees, fruits and genetic diversity in natural populations of mangaba

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Julie Anne Espíndola Amorim ◽  
Marina Ferreira da Vitória ◽  
Ana da Silva Ledo ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Issr Primers

ABSTRACT The state of Sergipe is the largest mangaba producer, which is a fruit native to Brazil, and has cultural, social and economic importance in its area of occurrence. It is an endangered species due to human actions, and despite its economic potential, there are still no commercial plantations. The study was carried out in order to characterize trees, fruits and the genetic diversity of natural populations of mangaba in Sergipe, Brazil. Fruits from Abaís Beach/Estância (AB) presented, on average, twice the vitamin C content (414.81 mg of vit. C/100g), when compared with the others. The use of ISSR primers was efficient in estimating the genetic similarity of populations. The primers clustered the populations of mangaba according to their origin, which indicates the genetic diversity of mangaba and their isolation. The results can be used to guide the selection of individuals in situ and ex situ conservation actions of these genetic resources.

scholarly journals Conservation of genetic diversity in Mediterranean endemic species: Arenaria balearica (Caryophyllaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-360
Author(s):  
Javier Bobo-Pinilla ◽  
Noemí López-González ◽  
Julio Peñas
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Rocky Habitats

Background – Biodiversity loss is a problem that needs to be urgently addressed, particularly with the uncertainties of climate change. Current conservation policies principally focus on endangered species but they often give little consideration to the evolutionary processes, genetic diversity, or the rarity of non-endangered species. Endemic species occurring in rocky habitats that are undergoing exceptional habitat loss appear to be one of the most important candidates for conservation. The aim is to establish in situ and ex situ conservation recommendations for the Mediterranean endemic species Arenaria balearica.Material and methods – Arenaria balearica is a species endemic to the Mediterranean with a disjunct distribution range throughout Majorca, Corsica, Sardinia, and other small Tyrrhenian islands. A combination of molecular techniques (AFLPs and plastid DNA) was employed to determine genetic diversity and rarity across populations and to calculate the Relevant Genetic Units for Conservation (RGUCs). Moreover, Species Distribution Models (SDMs) were developed to assess the potential current distribution and the expected situation under future climatic scenarios.Key results – To preserve the genetic diversity and rarity of the species, in situ conservation is proposed for six populations as RGUCs. Moreover, as the RGUCs can only account for a part of the phylogeographic signal, ex situ conservation is also suggested for some additional populations. According to the results, the habitat suitability in the 2050 scenario is limited and suitable areas for A. balearica could have disappeared by 2070. Therefore, the persistence of the species could be in danger in a short period of time and conservation planning becomes necessary.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structure of wild Vaccinium populations - V. myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea and V. uliginosum in the Baltic States

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnese Gailīte ◽  
Anita Gaile ◽  
Dainis Ruņģis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Selection Of

L., L. and L. belong to the genus . These wild species are widely distributed and ecologically important within the Baltic countries but they have not been extensively studied using molecular markers. EST-SSR and cpSSR markers were used to investigate the population structure and genetic diversity of these species to obtain information useful for the development of conservation strategies. Wild species populations are moderately genetically differentiated, with some populations more highly differentiated, but without higher order clustering of groups of populations, indicating that there are no dispersal barriers for these species within the Baltic countries. Genetic diversity of populations growing in protected areas, managed forests and intensively utilised public recreational areas is similar. The results from this study can be utilised for the selection of populations for the conservation of the studied species. In addition, complementary conservation strategies can be used for the preservation of rare varieties (e.g. var. ).VacciniummyrtillusV. vitis-idaeaV. uliginosumVacciniumin situVacciniumin situVacciniumex situV. myrtillusleucocarpum

RAPD-based Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Selection of Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) Material for ex situ Conservation

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Garkava-Gustavsson ◽  
H.A. Persson ◽  
H. Nybom ◽  
K. Rumpunen ◽  
B.A. Gustavsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Genetic consequences of in situ and ex situ conservation of forest trees

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Cai Yang ◽  
Francis C. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Population Establishment ◽  
Loss Of Genetic Diversity

To counteract loss of genetic diversity crucial for current and future tree improvement, tree breeders have conserved forest genetic resources in situ in their natural ecosystems in protected areas or ex situ in plantations, seed orchards, and breeding arboreta. This article reviews the genetic consequences of these two conservation methods in terms of single-locus and multilocus population structure from electrophoretic studies of natural forests and breeding populations. Although natural forest populations have maintained high level of genetic diversity and exhibited low level of population differentiation, loss of genetic diversity would occur during the entire conservation process, from population establishment to management of breeding and production populations. Since forest trees are still at their earliest stage of domestication in Canada, loss of genetic diversity comes primarily from the initial sampling process during population establishment. We discuss the optimal sampling strategy during population establishment to conserve common and widespread alleles, common and localized alleles, rare and widespread alleles, and rare and localized alleles. We also discuss three methods for studying the multilocus structure of forest trees and show how such information would be useful for conserving co-adapted gene complexes. We conclude that being small and maintained in controlled environments, ex situ conserved populations would retain less genetic diversity than in situ conserved forest populations. While ex situ conservation is operationally convenient for the short-term gains in tree improvement, we believe in situ conservation is essential for renewing the genetic diversity to meet the changing environments of an uncertain future.

scholarly journals Characterization and Potential of Coelogyne rochussenii Orchids from Bukit Rimbang and Bukit Baling Wildlife Sanctuary as Explant Source

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Pebra Heriansyah ◽  
Gusti Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Orchid Conservation ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Young Leaves

Conservation is an effort to return natural resources to their habitat to restore the ecosystem balance, which can be done in-situ and ex-situ. Coelogyne rochussenii orchid conservation efforts are essential to maintain its sustainability. The purpose of this study was to characterize C. rochussenii orchids from Bukit Rimbang and Bukit Baling Wildlife Sanctuary as a source of tissue culture explants to support ex-situ conservation efforts. Orchid plant samples were obtained through exploration in three locations with an altitude of 92 masl, and then the characterization of leaf morphology, pseudobulbs, roots, and fruit were carried out. The characterization results showed that the young pseudobulbs, young leaves, healthy roots, and physiologically ripe fruits of the C. rochussenii orchids obtained could be used as a source of explants to support ex-situ conservation efforts.Keywords: ex-situ conservation, physiologically mature, young pseudobulbs

Ex situ conservation and characterization of the genetic diversity ofCastaneaspp.

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Mellano ◽  
D. Torello-Marinoni ◽  
P. Boccacci ◽  
D. Donno ◽  
A.K. Cerutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ

Collection, ex situ conservation and characterization of mangaba (Hancornia speciose Gomes) germplasm in coastal lowland of Northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Jéssica Monalisa S. P. Oliveira ◽  
Milena Nascimento Cardoso ◽  
Ana Letícia Sirqueira Nascimento ◽  
Tássia Fernanda S. N. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Coastal Lowland

scholarly journals Status of the Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation of Brazilian Crop Wild Relatives of Rice, Potato, Sweet Potato, and Finger Millet: Filling the Gaps of Germplasm Collections

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Marcelo B. Medeiros ◽  
José F. M. Valls ◽  
Aluana G. Abreu ◽  
Gustavo Heiden ◽  
Suelma Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finger Millet ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The Status

This study presents the status of ex situ and in situ conservation for the crop wild relatives of rice, potato, sweet potato, and finger millet in Brazil, and the subsequent germplasm collection expeditions. This research is part of a global initiative entitled “Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting, and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives” supported by the Global Crop Diversity Trust. Species of the primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools with occurrences reported in Brazil were included: Oryza alta Swallen, O. grandiglumis (Döll) Prod., O. latifolia Desv., O. glumaepatula Steud., Eleusine tristachya (Lam.) Lam., E. indica (L.) Gaertn., Solanum commersonii Dunal, S. chacoense Bitter, Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donell, I. ramosissima (Poir.) Choisy, I. tiliacea (Willd.) Choisy, I. triloba L., and I. cynanchifolia Meisn. The status of the ex situ and in situ conservation of each taxon was assessed using the gap analysis methodology, and the results were used to plan 16 germplasm collection expeditions. Seeds of the collected material were evaluated for viability, and the protocols for seed germination and cryopreservation were tested. The final conservation score, resulting from the gap analysis and including the average of the ex situ and in situ scores, resulted in a classification of medium priority of conservation for all the species, with the exception of I. grandifolia (high priority). The total accessions collected (174) almost doubled the total accessions of these crop wild relatives incorporated in Embrapa’s ex situ conservation system prior to 2015. In addition, accessions for practically absent species were collected for the ex situ conservation system, such as Ipomoea species, Eleusine indica, and Solanum chacoense. The methods used for dormancy breaking and low temperature conservation for the Oryza, Eleusine, and Ipomoea species were promising for the incorporation of accessions in the respective gene banks. The results show the importance of efforts to collect and conserve ex situ crop wild relatives in Brazil based on previous gap analysis. The complementarity with the in situ strategy also appears to be very promising in the country.

scholarly journals Gap analyses of priority wild relatives of food crop in current ex situ and in situ conservation in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiguna Rahman ◽  
Joana Magos Brehm ◽  
Nigel Maxted ◽  
Jade Phillips ◽  
Aremi R. Contreras-Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Complementarity Analysis ◽  
Ex Situ Collections ◽  
Conservation Actions

AbstractConservation programmes are always limited by available resources. Careful planning is therefore required to increase the efficiency of conservation and gap analysis can be used for this purpose. This method was used to assess the representativeness of current ex situ and in situ conservation actions of 234 priority crop wild relatives (CWR) in Indonesia. This analysis also included species distribution modelling, the creation of an ecogeographical land characterization map, and a complementarity analysis to identify priorities area for in situ conservation and for further collecting of ex situ conservation programmes. The results show that both current ex situ and in situ conservation actions are insufficient. Sixty-six percent of priority CWRs have no recorded ex situ collections. Eighty CWRs with ex situ collections are still under-represented in the national genebanks and 65 CWRs have no presence records within the existing protected area network although 60 are predicted to exist in several protected areas according to their potential distribution models. The complementarity analysis shows that a minimum of 61 complementary grid areas (complementary based on grid cells) are required to conserve all priority taxa and 40 complementary protected areas (complementary based on existing protected areas) are required to conserve those with known populations within the existing in situ protected area network. The top ten of complementary protected areas are proposed as the initial areas for the development of CWR genetic reserves network in Indonesia. It is recommended to enhanced coordination between ex situ and in situ conservation stakeholders for sustaining the long term conservation of CWR in Indonesia. Implementation of the research recommendations will provide for the first time an effective conservation planning of Indonesia’s CWR diversity and will significantly enhance the country’s food and nutritional security.

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