scholarly journals Occurrence of Hymenolepis diminuta: a potential helminth of zoonotic importance in murid rodents

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Khan ◽  
N. N. Nisa ◽  
S. Pervez ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
M. S. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Main Channel ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Commensal Rodents ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Stage Infection

Abstract The study reveals the prevalence of a potential rodent-borne zoonotic helminth species, Hymenolepis diminuta in commensal rodents caught from irrigated and rain-fed areas of Swat, Pakistan. Three hundred and fifty rodents (269 rats and 81 mice) trapped during vegetative, flowering/fruiting and mature/harvesting stages of crops were studied from 2011-2013. Hymenolepisdiminuta eggs were identified on the basis of their shape, size, colour and markings on the surface of the egg shell and three pairs of embryonic hook-lets. Overall prevalence of H. diminuta was 3.14% (n=11/350). The highest prevalence 3.49% (n=5/143) of H. diminuta was noted at harvesting stages of the crops whereas the lowest 2.59% (n=2/77) during vegetative stage. Infection was higher in males 3.25% (n=7/215) than females 2.96% (n=4/135). Adult rodents were highly infected while no sub-adult was found infected. Infection was higher in mice 3.70% (3/81) than rats 2.69% (8/269) while no significance (p=1.0000:0.1250 to 32.00 CI). Rats and mice appears to show the most suitable reservoirs by hosting H. diminuta a zoonotic helminth. The presence of these rodents in all possible habitats can act as a main channel of transferring parasites through various habitats and can pose a hazard to humans in the area.

Helminth communities in murid rodents from southern and northern localities in Lao PDR: the role of habitat and season

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Pakdeenarong ◽  
P. Siribat ◽  
K. Chaisiri ◽  
B. Douangboupha ◽  
A. Ribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
South East Asian Region ◽  
Helminth Communities ◽  
Murid Rodents

AbstractThe helminth communities of wild murid rodents were investigated in Luang Prabang and Champasak province, Lao PDR. Thirteen species of rodents (404 individuals) were infected by 19 species of parasites (2 trematode, 3 cestode, 14 nematode species). Four of the recorded helminth species (Echinostoma malayanum,Raillietinasp.,Hymenolepis diminutaandH. nana)are known to cause potential zoonotic helminthiases of medical importance in the South-East Asian region. Individual helminth infection was significantly higher in the wet season. Habitat significantly influenced individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abudance, with a decrease of individual helminth species richness and individual helminth abundance from forest habitat to agricultural and human settlement habitats. The reduction of helminth diversity and abundance is discussed in relation to the ongoing increase of human influence on habitats in Lao PDR.

ANIMAL PARASITES AND HUMAN DISEASES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Paul C. Beaver
Keyword(s):  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rats And Mice

PARASITES fall only roughly into the two categories implied in the title of this discussion. While a few of them are totally dependent upon human hosts, and some are able to develop only in other animals, a majority of the parasites commonly referred to as "parasites of man" are in reality parasites of other animals. In the latter group are such familiar examples as Trichinella, found in rats and many other animals, including pigs; Balantidium and some lesser protozoa of pigs; Toxoplasma, which occurs in many wild and domesticated animals. Trypanosoma cruzi, which is carried by a variety of animals, is the cause of Chagas' disease commonly seen in parts of South America and found recently in a child in Texas. Other examples include Isospora of undetermined hosts, possibly including the dog; Trichostrongylus species that commonly are found in sheep and goats; the small tapeworms, Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta, of rats and mice; and the common dog tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum. There are others whose endemicity in any area depends somewhat on the presence of suitable non-human hosts, and still others that are able to reach maturity in man but are rarely involved in medical problems because infection is acquired only by eating uncooked earthworms and insects. It might be mentioned, as a matter of interest, that occasionally other animals may acquire parasitic diseases from their human associates, as for example dysentery and diarrhea in dogs, caused by Entamoeba histolytica and Strongyloides stercoralis. In all of the above mentioned parasitic infections, diagnosis is usually based on conventional laboratory methods, and both clinical and laboratory workers are generally familiar with the problems presented by them.

scholarly journals Endoparasites of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Slovak Republic with the emphasis on zoonotic species Echinococcus multilocularis and Trichinella spp.

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
Z. Hurníková ◽  
D. Antolová ◽  
P. Dubinský
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Red Foxes

AbstractDue to specific geographical localization, climatic and geomorphologic conditions, several serious parasitic diseases circulate in the territory of the Slovak Republic that makes this area an ideal model territory of the central European red fox system. The red fox is an important reservoir host of parasites, which can be spread to another animals and humans. Our study was aimed at determining the current prevalence of certain parasites in red foxes from the entire territory of the Slovak Republic and identifies some ecological factors influencing their epidemiology. Within the first systematic investigation of red foxes carried out between the years 2000 and 2006 in total 4026 foxes were examined for Echinococcus multilocularis (prevalence 31.1 %) and 4699 foxes were investigated for the presence of Trichinella spp. larvae (10.4 % infected). The results of the next separate study revealed that 83.3 % of 1198 red foxes in the Slovak Republic had coccidian oocysts and helminth eggs in their faeces. Fifteen helminth species including two trematode, four cestode and nine nematode species were detected by coprological examination. Nine of these parasite taxa have zoonotic potential: Capillaria spp. (prevalence 22.4 %), Ancylostoma caninum (18.1 %), Toxocara canis (12.5 %), Taenia spp. (12.2 %), Mesocestoides spp. (5.8 %), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.6 %), Hymenolepis diminuta (0.6 %), Dipylidium caninum (0.4 %) and Opisthorchis felineus (0.3 %). Toxascaris leonina was the most common helminth species found in this survey (42.9 %).

scholarly journals Research Note. Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths in commensal rodents from Tabasco, Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cigarroa-Toledo ◽  
Y. De Los Santos-Martinez ◽  
C. V. Zaragoza-Vera ◽  
M. M. Garcia-Rodriguez ◽  
C. M. Baak-Baak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Heligmosomoides Polygyrus ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
Commensal Rodents ◽  
Syphacia Obvelata ◽  
Moniliformis Moniliformis

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and species composition of helminths in commensal rodents captured inside private residences in the city of Villahermosa in Tabasco, Mexico. Trapping was performed at each house for three consecutive nights from October to December 2015. Fifty commensal rodents were captured: 23 Rattus norvegicus, 16 Mus musculus and 11 Rattus rattus. Rodents were transported alive to the laboratory and held in cages until they defecated. Feces were analyzed for helminth eggs using the Sheather’s flotation technique. The overall prevalence of helminths in rodents was 60 %: R. norvegicus was more likely to be parasitized (87.0 %) than R. rattus (63.6 %) and M. musculus (18.8 %). Eggs from at least 13 species of helminths were identified: Hymenolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis nana, Moniliformis moniliformis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Heterakis spumosa, Mastophorus muris, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Strongyloides ratti, Syphacia obvelata, Syphacia muris, Toxocara sp., Trichosomoides crassicauda, and Trichuris muris. This is the first study to report the presence of H. polygyrus, S. ratti and T. crassicauda in commensal rodents in Mexico. In conclusion, our results suggest that helminths commonly infect commensal rodents in Villahermosa and therefore rodents present a health risk to inhabitants in this region.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of helminth fauna in Rattus rattus rufescens

1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Nama ◽  
Aruna Parihar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Occasional Occurrence

AbstractA hclminthological survey of 149 house rats in Jodhpur during the year 1975 revealed infection with 8 helminth species: 4 cestodes, Vampirolepis fraterna, Hymenolepis diminuta, Mathevotaenia symmetrica and Taenia taenlaeformis (larval stage); 3 nematodes, Aspiculuris pakistanica, Rictularia ratti and Syphacia sp. and one acanthocephalan, Moniliformis sp. Vampirolepis fratema, H. diminuta and A.pakistanica were most common, R.ratti and M. symmetrica less frequent, and T. taeniaeformis, Syphacia sp. and Moniliformis sp. of occasional occurrence. Multiple infections were more frequent among male than female hosts.

Membrane (contact) digestion in the three species of tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis microstoma and Moniezia expansa

Parasitology ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Taylor ◽  
J. N. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Contact Digestion ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Membrane Contact ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Meat Market ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hymenolepis Microstoma

The presence of living tapeworm increases the rate of hydrolysis of starch by α-amylase in vitro. This effect indicates that ‘membrane digestion’ may be one function of the tegument of tapeworms. The effect varies with the surface area and region of the tapeworm. Fixed tapeworm pieces do not enhance starch hydrolysis. The results may provide evidence both for and against the current explanations of membrane digestion. Some possible mechanisms involved in membrane digestion in tapeworms are considered. The importance of membrane digestion in the physiology of gut parasites and the possibility of its wide occurrence are discussed.We wish to thank Dr J. Llewellyn for his criticism and advice during the preparation of this manuscript and for providing rats and mice infected with Hymenolepis. We also thank Dr R. A. Thornhill for examining some tapeworm tissue under the electron microscope; also Mr A. Wilson of the Meat Inspection Department of the Birmingham Meat Market for his unfailing co-operation.

scholarly journals A checklist of the helminth parasites of invasive murid rodents in Mexico

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Jesús Alonso Panti-May ◽  
Alejandra Duarte-Jiménez ◽  
Silvia F. Hernández-Batancourt ◽  
Roger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Locality Record ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Geographical Locations

The present work provides an updated checklist of helminth species infecting invasive murid rodents (Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus, and Rattus sp.) in Mexico, including 35 helminth taxa (3 trematodes, 7 cestodes, 2 acanthocephalans, and 23 nematodes).  The helminthological records were compiled from 18 studies conducted in seven Mexican states up to May 2020.  Information on habitats, life stages, geographical locations, hosts, helminthological collections, prevalences, and bibliographic references are included, when available.  Finally, a new locality record of the nematode Hassalstrongylus musculi in Yucatan is provided.

The immune response to and immunomodulation byHymenolepis diminuta

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEREK M. McKAY
Keyword(s):  
Model System ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Immune Effector ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
System Data ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Rats And Mice

SUMMARYAnalyses of laboratory-based helminth-rodent model systems have been immensely useful in delineating the workings of the mammalian immune system. Investigations in the 1970s–1980s on the fate of the rat tapeworm,Hymenolepis diminuta, in rats and mice and the systemic and local responses evoked following infection have contributed directly to our knowledge of how permissive and non-permissive hosts respond to the challenge of infection with a helminth parasite. This convenient laboratory model system has, in the authors' opinion, regrettably received considerably less attention in recent years. With the goal of highlighting the utility of this model system, data is presented on: (1) the immune and enteric responses of rats and mice to infection withH. diminuta; (2) the ability of excretory or secretory products derived fromH. diminutato significantly reduce T cell and macrophage activationin vitro; and (3) how assessment ofH. diminuta-rodent models can be used to identify immune effector or regulatory mechanisms that can be translated into novel treatments for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

scholarly journals Helminths of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) (Berkenhout, 1769) in the city of Palermo, Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Milazzo ◽  
A. Ribas ◽  
J. Casanova ◽  
M. Cagnin ◽  
F. Geraci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Syphacia Muris ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽  
The City

AbstractA helminthological survey was performed on 143 brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the city of Palermo (Italy). The overall prevalence of helminth infection was 98.60 %. The following parasites were found: Brachylaima sp. (prevalence 8.39 %) (Trematoda); Taenia taeniaeformis larvae (11.89 %), Rodentolepis nana (13.29 %), Hymenolepis diminuta (24.48 %) (Cestoda); Gongylonema sp., (4.90 %), Syphacia muris (8.39 %), Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (18.88 %), Eucoleus gastricus (30.07 %), Mastophorus muris (30.77 %), Capillaria hepatica (54.55 %), Heterakis spumosa (82.52 %) (Nematoda) and one acanthocephalan (0.70 %). The species found in males were also present in females, with the exception of the acanthocephalan. No significant differences were found between males and females in prevalence (P%) or mean infection intensity (MI). However, a significant correlation between both P% and MI, as well as host age, was observed in some helminth species. Hosts were infected by one to six helminth species (median = 3). This is the first report from Sicily of helminths in R. norvegicus.

Evidence against a significant role for mast cells in blastocyst implantation in the rat and mouse

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Salamonsen ◽  
M Jeziorska ◽  
GF Newlands ◽  
SK Dey ◽  
DE Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Mast Cell Protease ◽  
Murid Rodents ◽  
Blastocyst Implantation ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques ◽  
Rats And Mice

Rats were treated with the highly potent stabilizer of mast cells, FPL 55618, before and during the first seven days of pregnancy to establish whether stabilization of mast cells resulted in impaired blastocyst implantation. There was no significant reduction in either the number of ovulations or the number of implantation sites in treated rats compared with controls; 11 of 15 treated rats were pregnant compared with 5 of 6 control rats. The distribution of mast cells was examined in uterine tissues, implantation sites and interimplantation sites in both rats and mice using highly sensitive immunohistochemical techniques. Virtually all of the mast cells in rat uterine tissue stained for rat mast cell protease-I (RMCP-I; connective tissue type), whereas few stained for RMCP-II (mucosal type). Most of the mast cells were present in the myometrium with very sparse distribution in the endometrium and there were no differences in numbers of mast cells between implantation and inter-implantation sites on Day 7 of pregnancy. In tissue sections of mouse uteri sampled from Day 1 to Day 8 of pregnancy there were virtually no mast cells in the endometrium or deciduum adjacent to implantation sites. Mouse uterine mast cells also stained predominantly for the connective tissue-type mast cell protease MMCP-4, the murine equivalent of RMCP-I. Thus, mast cells and their products appear to play little, if any, role in blastocyst implantation in murid rodents. Since mast cells are a prominent feature of human endometrium, this study emphasizes the important consideration of species differences when choosing animal models for implantation studies.

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