scholarly journals Saprophytic flies in impacted areas of the Belo Monte Dam, Pará, Brazil (Diptera: Mesembrinellidae, Neriidae, Ropalomeridae, and Sarcophagidae): community composition, abundance, and species richness

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Lorena Damasceno Queiroz ◽  
Caroline Costa De-Souza ◽  
Hermes Fonseca de Medeiros ◽  
William Leslie Overal ◽  
Arleu Barbosa Viana-Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Belo Monte

Abstract: The present study aims to document the community composition, abundance, and species richness of saprophytic fly species (Mesembrinellidae, Neriidae, Ropalomeridae, and Sarcophagidae) of the Volta Grande region of the Xingu River, a poorly sampled area impacted by the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam. Five collecting trips were carried out between 2014 and 2016, when traps baited with fermenting bananas were used. A total of 154 specimens, three genera, and six species were collected of Mesembrinellidae; 196 specimens, three genera, and seven species of Neriidae; 272 specimens, three genera, and six species of Ropalomeridae; and 624 specimens, 22 species and 10 genera of Sarcophagidae. Species accumulation curves for all families except Sarcophagidae demonstrated a strong tendency towards stabilization, showing that sampling efforts were sufficient to record most of the targeted species. Laneela perisi (Mariluis, 1987) (Mesembrinellidae) is a new record for the state of Pará. Among Ropalomeridae, Apophorhynchus amazonensisPrado, 1966, is a new record for Pará. Among Sarcophagidae, Helicobia aurescens (Townsend, 1927) is newly recorded from the Brazilian Amazon, and Ravinia effrenata (Walker, 1861) and Titanogrypa larvicida (Lopes, 1935) are new records for Pará.

Effects of the Belo Monte hydro-electric-dam complex on crocodilians in the Xingu River, Brazilian Amazonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zilca Campos ◽  
Fábio Muniz ◽  
William E. Magnusson ◽  
Guilherme Mourão
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
River Reservoir ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Collateral Effects ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Reservoir Filling ◽  
Belo Monte

Abstract The Belo Monte hydroelectric dam on the Xingu River has the third largest generating capacity of any hydroelectric dam in the world. We conducted surveys of crocodilians (Caiman crocodilus, Paleosuchus trigonatus) by boat in the Xingu River at the site of the dam prior to (2013-2015), and after filling (2016-2017). While the number of C. crocodilus sighted decreased with increasing water level, there was no difference in numbers prior to, and after reservoir filling. The number of P. trigonatus was unaffected by both water level prior to and after reservoir filling. Reservoir filling had little effect on the number of crocodilians using the forest around the Xingu River reservoir. Most crocodilians seen in forest surveys were P. trigonatus, both before and after reservoir filling, but C. crocodilus was recorded occasionally in the forest. It seems that most Amazonian crocodilians are sufficiently generalist to adapt to the new conditions created by the construction of dams, at least in the short-term. However, there may be long-term collateral effects on crocodilian populations from dams, due to as deforestation and improved access for hunters.

scholarly journals Synopsis of the genus Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. (Piperaceae) in Roraima State, Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Melo ◽  
Elsie F. Guimarães ◽  
Marccus Alves
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Guayana Shield ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Várzea Forests ◽  
Central South ◽  
Shape And Size

ABSTRACT Peperomia is the second most diverse genus of Piperaceae, with an estimated 1,600 species and a pantropical distribution. This work aims to present a taxonomic synopsis of the genus in the State of Roraima, in the extreme north of the Brazilian Amazon forest and belonging to the central-south portion of the Guayana Shield. Based on collecting expeditions and analysis of specimens in various herbaria, 23 taxa were recognized, with two new records for the State and one of them, a new record for Brazil. The taxa are differentiated mainly by phyllotaxis, shape and size of their leaves, in addition to habit and fruits. They have been found in areas of lowland, submontane, montane, tepui and floodplain (várzea) forests and mostly show a distribution restricted to the Neotropics. Some species in the state are presently known exclusively from Mount Roraima, and restricted to a few specimens.

scholarly journals Moths and Butterflies (Lepidoptera) of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest near Lac La Biche, Alberta, Including New Provincial Records

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg R. Pohl ◽  
David W. Langor ◽  
Jean-François Landry ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
First Record ◽  
Species List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Boreal Mixedwood Forest

Lepidoptera were collected, primarily via UV light trap, for three seasons in the boreal mixedwood forest near Lac La Biche, Alberta. A total of 11,111 specimens were collected, representing 41 families and 438 species. A species list with flight times is presented. The total Lepidoptera community was estimated to be 546 ± 23.34 species. Abundance and species richness peaked in late July. Thirty-five species constitute new records for Alberta, while one species, Acanthopteroctetes bimaculata, is a new record for Canada, and the first record of the family Acanthopteroctetidae in Canada.

scholarly journals ROADS AND DAMS: INFRASTRUCTURE-DRIVEN TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIO F. MORAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Development ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Belo Monte ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

Abstract From the construction of the Trans-Amazon Highway in the 1970's to the current construction of the third largest hydroelectric dam in the world at Belo Monte, the Brazilian Amazon has experienced the impact of large-scale infrastructure projects. When announced, all these projects purported to be the means to achieve progress, national integration, and economic development. The outcomes after several decades are less clear: national indebtedness, significant social and environmental impacts, and regional development taking second place to other goals such as energy production and national GDP. Solutions are suggested to reduce the negative impacts and achieve the goal of improved livelihoods and sustainable development without giving up on national development goals.

scholarly journals Comparison of forest regeneration in two sites with different primate abundances in Northwestern Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayron R. Calle-Rendón ◽  
Mika Peck ◽  
Sara E. Bennett ◽  
Citlalli Morelos-Juarez ◽  
Felipe Alfonso
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Dispersal Syndrome ◽  
Species Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Understory Tree

There is increasing evidence that large-bodied primates play important roles as seed dispersers and in the maintenance of tree diversity in forest ecosystems. In this study we compared forest regeneration at two sites with differing primate abundances in the Ecuadorian Chocoan rainforest. We predicted: (1) significant differences in primate abundance between the two sites; (2) higher understory tree species richness and density at the site with greater primate abundance; (3) the site with lower primate abundance characterized by tree species dispersed by non-primate biotic agents and/or abiotic factors. We compared two sites, Tesoro Escondido (TE) a campesino cooperative, and the El Pambilar (EP) wildlife refuge that both maintain populations of mantled howler monkey (Alouatta palliata), the brown-headed spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps fusciceps) and the capuchin monkey (Cebus capucinus). We characterized canopy structure by point-quadrant sampling, determined primate abundance and sampled seedlings/saplings in 1 m2 plots, classifying tree species based on three dispersal syndromes: adapted for primate dispersal, dispersed by other biological agents, and abiotic dispersal. We compared sites in terms of primate abundance (groups and individuals observed per day) and regeneration characteristics (overall density, species richness, and dispersal syndrome). We carried out within site comparisons and constructed understory tree species accumulation curves. Overall the forests were structurally similar - with significantly higher densities of A. f. fusciceps at TE. Encounter rates for the other two primate species were similar at both sites. Understory tree density and species richness was significantly higher in TE with no stabilization of tree species accumulation curves. The species accumulation curve for understory trees at EP stabilized. Higher densities and species richness of primate dispersed tree species were observed at TE, with non-primate biotically dispersed tree species the dominant dispersal syndrome at both sites. Our observations are consistent with those from other studies investigating the role of large-bodied frugivorous primates in forest regeneration, and point to a general pattern: future lowland tropical forest tree diversity depends on maintaining robust populations of large primate species in these systems. It is highly probable that the maintenance of high levels of tree diversity in Chocoan rainforests is dependent on the conservation of its largest resident primate, the critically endangered brown-headed spider monkey (A. f. fusciceps).

scholarly journals Estimation of the species richness of hyperdiverse beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in an area of Atlantic Forest, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-498
Author(s):  
Felipe Donateli Gatti ◽  
Marco Antonio Alves Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
The Family ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
One Year ◽  
Collection Methods

Species are elementary units in community ecology studies. However, sample limitations obstruct the elaboration of accurate faunistic inventories, especially in biodiversity hotspots, such as tropical forests. In this way, the objective of this research was to describe the richness, using different non-parametric estimators of richness, in the family Cerambycidade, a group of hyperdiverse insects in the Atlantic Forest. Five hundred and eighty-one specimens belonging to 145 species and 3 subfamilies were collected. Among the species sampled, 46.2% were considered singletons, 13.8% doubletons, 48.95% unicates, 15.15% duplicates and 90.3% ecologically rare. The species accumulation curves did not stabilize, which was already expected considering that more species and individuals were sampled in the last months of collection. The estimated richness presented values much higher than the observed richness. This was a reflect of the high proportion of ecologically rare species present in the sample. This work showed that faunistic inventories of hyperdiverse groups, with only one year of collection and a single sampling methodology may underestimate the species richness of a region. Thus, larger time series associated with different collection methods are essential for a more accurate survey of biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest.

scholarly journals Pollinator Species Richness Trends: No Decelerating Declines in Dutch Bees and Bumblebees

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom J. M. Van Dooren
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Pollinator Species ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Accumulation Curves

AbstractTemporal trends (1946–2013) in the species richness of wild bees from the Netherlands are analysed. We apply two methods to estimate richness change which both incorporate models for sampling effects and detection probability. The analysis is repeated for records with specimens deposited in collections, and a subset restricted to spatial grid cells that have been sampled repeatedly across three periods. When fitting non-linear species accumulation curves to species numbers, declines are inferred for bumblebees and at most limited declines for other bees. Capture-recapture analysis applied to species encounter histories infers a constant colonization rate per year and constant (bumblebees) or decreasing (other) local species survival. However, simulations suggest that the method estimates time trends in survival with a negative bias. Species richness trends predicted by the second approach are a 10% reduction in non-Bombus species richness and 29% fewer Bombus species since 1946, comparable to the predictions of the first approach. Neither analysis provides reliable evidence that decelerating declines in species richness occur in these taxa. Therefore we should not infer decelerating declines in pollinator species richness in N-W Europe as previously claimed.

Xylomyces (Aliquandostipitaceae, Jahnulales) freshwater hyphomycetes from the Brazilian Amazon

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Letícia Martins Krause ◽  
Patrícia Oliveira Fiuza ◽  
Flavia Rodrigues Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Submerged Wood ◽  
Relative Occurrence ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Amazonian Region

Xylomyces is characterized by the absence of conidiomata, conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, and conidia. The genus only produces chains of large, dark, thick-walled, dry, multiseptate chlamydospores with or without constricted septa. During an investigation of aquatic hyphomycetes on submerged wood and leaf litter in a stream in the Brazilian Amazon, we found four of the accepted eight species of Xylomyces. Xylomyces acerosisporus, X. aquaticus, and X. foliicola are new records to the Brazilian Amazon, while X. giganteus is a new record for the southern Amazonian region. Xylomyces giganteus showed the highest relative frequency and occurrence and X. foliicola displayed an intermediate relative frequency and occurrence. Xylomyces acerosisporus and X. aquaticus showed the lowest relative frequency, while X. acerosisporus indicated the lowest relative occurrence. Descriptions, notes, geographic distributions, and illustrations are presented for all species of Xylomyces found in this study. We also provide a key and a table for all species.

scholarly journals New records of Boana icamiaba (Anura: Hylidae) in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest

Caldasia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-444
Author(s):  
Samuel F. Dos Anjos ◽  
Wanne S. S. Wronski ◽  
Marcos Penhacek ◽  
Janaina Da Costa Noronha ◽  
Karll C. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Northern Brazil

Boana icamiaba is an Amazonian anuran species reported for sites in the mid-lower Madeira-Rio Tapajós River and lower Tapajós-Rio, and Xingu River interfluves – municipalities of Juruti, Altamira, Santarém, and Itaituba, state of Pará, northern Brazil. We provided the first records of Boana icamiaba for the states of Mato Grosso and Rondônia, central and northern Brazil, which enlarges the knowledge on its distribution in approximately 470 km southmost and circa 886 km southwestmost from the nearest previously recorded locality. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document