scholarly journals Feeding behavior and activity period of three Neotropical bat species (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) on Musa paradisiaca inflorescences (Zingiberales: Musaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha R. Pedrozo ◽  
Luiz A. C. Gomes ◽  
Wilson Uieda
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Dietary Specialization ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

ABSTRACT We studied the feeding behavior and the activity period of three phyllostomid bat species on Musa paradisiaca inflorescences in an orchard located in southeastern Brazil. Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), Anoura caudifer (É. Geoffroy, 1818), and Phyllostomus discolor (Wagner, 1843) were frequently observed, videotaped, and mist-netted visiting banana inflorescences. Three approaching strategies on banana inflorescences were performed by bats: hovering (glossophagine species), upside landing (G. soricina), and downside landing (P. discolor). A new feeding behavior that consisted in hovering and licking the nectar that dripped from the distal part of a closed bract was observed for glossophagines. Visits occurred throughout the night (from 18:00 h to 05:00 h). However, activity pattern of nectarivorous bat species was significantly different from the omnivorous bat species, with the formers presenting visiting peaks at 21:00 hs and 23:30 hs, and the second at 23:45 hs and 02:30 hs. Dietary specialization, body size, and foraging behavior are important features that are linked to kind of approaching strategies to flowers and activity period of bats. Although bat visits on M. paradisiaca inflorescences are not reproductively important to banana plant, its nectar is a frequent and abundant food source for bats from the family Phyllostomidae, at least in Southeastern Brazil.

Pollination ecology of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) in Central Brazil cerrado vegetation

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Gribel ◽  
John D. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Caryocar Brasiliense ◽  
Anoura Geoffroyi ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

ABSTRACTThe floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Caryocar brasiliense were studied in the cerrado vegetation of Central Brazil. The large, yellowish-cream, brush-like flowers are pollinated mainly by glossophagine bats (Glossophaga soricina and Anoura geoffroyi). Three non-glossophagine bats (Phyllostomus discolor, Vampyrops lineatus and Carollia perspicillata) and two short probosisced hawk moths (Erinyis ello and Pseudosphinx tetrio) may also act as occasional pollinators. Caryocar brasiliense is self-compatible although it sets significantly more fruits when crossed than when selfed. The natural fruit set (fruit/flower ratio) and seed set (seed/ovule ratio) are 3.1% and 1.0% respectively. Most of the fruits and seeds are formed through the action of the flower visitors, despite the fact that about 20% of the non-visited flowers receive self pollen on at least one stigma.

scholarly journals Daily activity of four tropical intertidal hermit crabs from Southeastern Brazil

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turra ◽  
M. R. Denadai
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Intertidal Flat ◽  
Circadian Activity

This study describes the daily activity in a simulated high tide situation of four species of hermit crabs (Pagurus criniticornis, Clibanarius antillensis, C. sclopetarius, and C. vittatus) that coexist in an intertidal flat in southeastern Brazil. Observations were done in two-hour intervals during two subsequent days (48 h) in three replicate pools with thirty crabs each. Among species (between and within genera) there was an evident variation in activity patterns, of which three could be distinguished. The circadian activity patterns of C. antillensis and C. vittatus could be characterized as evening and nocturnal, with resting peaks during the morning and afternoon. The circadian activity pattern of C. sclopetarius was characterized by two marked peaks of inactivity, corresponding to dawn and evening, which could represent an intrinsic association with the semi-lunar tidal cycles of the study area. Pagurus criniticornis showed high activity not influenced by day/night conditions during the entire observed period. These activity pattern variations of the studied hermit crabs should be taken into account in designing further experiments. More precise and accurate interspecific behavioral comparisons among species could be achieved in nocturnal experiments, the high activity period of all species.

scholarly journals Professional and community satisfaction with the Brazilian family health strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian G Perez ◽  
Juliet D Sheridan ◽  
Andrea Y Nicholls ◽  
Katherine E Mues ◽  
Priscila S Saleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the strengths and limitations of the Family Health Strategy from the perspective of health care professionals and the community. METHODS: Between June-August 2009, in the city of Vespasiano, Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil, a questionnaire was used to evaluate the Family Health Strategy (ESF) with 77 healthcare professionals and 293 caregivers of children under five. Health care professional training, community access to health care, communication with patients and delivery of health education and pediatric care were the main points of interest in the evaluation. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals as well as to assess the statistical significance of the variables studied. RESULTS: The majority of health care professionals reported their program training was insufficient in quantity, content and method of delivery. Caregivers and professionals identified similar weaknesses (services not accessible to the community, lack of healthcare professionals, poor training for professionals) and strengths (community health worker-patient communications, provision of educational information, and pediatric care). Recommendations for improvement included: more doctors and specialists, more and better training, and scheduling improvements. Caregiver satisfaction with the ESF was found to be related to perceived benefits such as community health agent household visits (OR 5.8, 95%CI 2.8;12.1), good professional-patient relationships (OR 4.8, 95%CI 2.5;9.3), and family-focused health (OR 4.1, 95%CI 1.6;10.2); and perceived problems such as lack of personnel (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2;0.6), difficulty with access (OR 0.2, 95%CI 0.1;0.4), and poor quality of care (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1;0.6). Overall, 62% of caregivers reported being generally satisfied with the ESF services. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the limitations and strengths of the Family Health Strategy from the healthcare professional and caregiver perspective may serve to advance primary community healthcare in Brazil.

scholarly journals New morphological data and molecular diagnostic of Henneguya friderici (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae), a parasite of Leporinus friderici (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) from southeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Poblete Vidal ◽  
José Luis Luque
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gill Filaments

Abstract The myxozoan Henneguya friderici is a parasite of the gills, intestine, kidney and liver of Leporinus friderici, a characiform fish belonging to the family Anostomidae. Forty-two specimens of L. friderici that had been caught in the Mogi Guaçú River, state of São Paulo, were studied. Elongated white plasmodia were found in the gill filaments of 10 host specimens (24%). The mature spores had an ellipsoidal body with polar capsules of equal size and caudal length greater than body length. This study also described 18S rDNA sequencing of H. friderici infecting the gill filaments. This produced a sequence of 1050 bp that demonstrated significant genetic differences with previously described species of Henneguya. Similarity analysis using sequences from species that clustered closest to those produced by this study showed that the species with greatest genetic similarity to H. friderici was H. leporinicola, with 94% similarity.

Redescription of the tadpole of Thoropa taophora (Miranda-Ribeiro) (Anura: Cycloramphidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4656 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO HENRIQUE ARECO GOMES MOURA ◽  
SÉRGIO JÚNIOR DA ROCHA ALVES ◽  
DANIELA DAS GRAÇAS DE SOUZA E SOUSA ◽  
CLAUDIA NEVES CORREA ◽  
IVAN NUNES
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
The Family

Thoropa Cope is an anuran genus of the family Cycloramphidae that comprises six species of small rock frogs peculiar for the semiterrestrial habits of their larvae, which develop on wet rock environments distributed throughout eastern and southeastern Brazil (Bokermann 1965; Frost 2019). Current knowledge on their tadpoles relies mostly on their descriptions, namely the works of Bokermann (1965) for T. lutzi Cochran and T. petropolitana (Wandolleck), Caramaschi & Sazima (1984) for T. megatympanum Caramaschi & Sazima, Cocroft & Heyer (1988) for T. saxatilis Cocroft & Heyer, and Barth (1956) and Fatorelli et al. (2018) for T. miliaris (Spix). Thoropa taophora (Miranda-Ribeiro) tadpoles were originally described by Bokermann (1965) as T. miliaris, but several features were overlooked. In addition, T. taophora was recently removed from the synonymy with T. miliaris (Feio et al. 2006). Herein, we present a complete redescription of the tadpoles of T. taophora and provide comparisons with previously published drawings and descriptions of all other species of the genus. 

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE OBESOGENIC ENVIRONMENT AND PARENTAL LIFESTYLES IN INFANT FEEDING BEHAVIOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
Rafaela Ramos Dantas ◽  
Giselia Alves Pontes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Obesogenic Environment ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Infant Feeding Behavior

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the role of the obesogenic environment and parental lifestyles in infant feeding behavior. Data sources: The searches were performed in PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Lilacs and Scielo databases, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The descriptors used were found in the Medical Subject Headings and in the Descriptors in Health Sciences being these: Comportamento alimentar/Feeding Behavior/ Conducta Alimentaria; Crianças/Child/ Niño; Relações familiares/Family Relations/Relaciones Familiares; e Ecologia/ Ecology/ Ecología. These were combined by the Boolean operator AND. Data synthesis: Researchers consider that parents (orprimary caregivers) are responsible, in part, for the unhealthy eating behavior presented by children, and for them to change it is necessary to change the behavior of the family, ensuring the correct choice of food and the practice of physical activity. The family environment has a significant impact on the development of eating behavior, so adults should provide a good model of this behavior for children. Conclusions: It was verified through this review that, in order to maintain and develop a healthy eating behavior, it is necessary to reach different spheres of life of the individual - physical, social, psychological, family, cultural and mediatic environment.

Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Myrtaceae in the State of S o Paulo, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 516 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. LOFEGO ◽  
G. J. DE MORAES ◽  
L. A.S. CASTRO
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
The Family

Eighteen predatory mite species of the family Phytoseiidae are reported from three sites of the Cerrado ecosystem in the State of S o Paulo, southeastern Brazil, on seven plant species of the family Myrtaceae. This paper provides a list of those species and compares relevant morphological characteristics of the specimens collected with those of the original descriptions and/ or redescriptions of the corresponding species. A key is provided to help in the separation of the species mentioned in the paper. Some of the species collected have been reported as common predators on dominant crops in the region where the work was done. Their occurrence on Myrtaceae plants found naturally in the Cerrado ecosystem indicates that those plants could represent important reservoirs of those predators.

scholarly journals Birds foraging for fruits and insects in shrubby restinga vegetation, southeastern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica Souza da Mota Gomes ◽  
Bette A. Loiselle ◽  
Maria Alice S. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Spatial Use ◽  
Conservation And Management

Understanding how birds use vegetation to obtain food resources has implications for habitat conservation and management. Restinga is a poorly known and threatened tropical habitat, associated to the Atlantic forest, that could benefit from this kind of information to know which plants can be used and dispersed by birds that can help on the maintenance of this habitat. Frugivorous and insectivorous birds are important components of tropical ecosystems, such as restinga. To provide more information regarding the ecology of restinga, we studied the feeding behavior and spatial use of this vegetation by birds at Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, southeastern Brazil. We found that feeding behavior was similar to that recorded for the same species in other vegetation types. In addition, spatial use of the restinga vegetation by the most abundant species did not overlap greatly, except for two insectivorous species that used different foraging maneuvers and two frugivorous birds that foraged in flocks. The two most abundant species were generalists in their diet and were capable of feeding at the ground level on sand substrate.

scholarly journals Morphophysiology and ultrastructure of the male reproductive accessory glands of the bats Carollia perspicillata , Glossophaga soricina and Phyllostomus discolor (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiane F. Martins ◽  
Mateus R. Beguelini ◽  
Cintia C.I. Puga ◽  
Eliana Morielle-Versute ◽  
Patricia S.L. Vilamaior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carollia Perspicillata ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

scholarly journals Diversity of ants and mites in the diet of the Brazilian frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta (Anura: Microhylidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana S. Lopes ◽  
Ricardo S. Bovendorp ◽  
Gilberto José de Moraes ◽  
Alexandre Reis Percequillo ◽  
Jaime Bertoluci
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Prey Category ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract We describe here the diet of the microhylid frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta based on the stomach contents of 72 individuals (47 males and 25 females) collected in pitfall traps at the Reserva Florestal de Morro Grande, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We identified 1,981 food items distributed in 13 prey categories of arthropods, mainly ants, mites and collembolans. Formicidae was the most abundant and frequent prey category, including 16 genera from seven subfamilies, and data on ant availability in the habitat suggest that C. leucosticta selects ants actively. The second main prey category was Acari, predominantly represented by mites of the suborder Oribatida. This is the first work identifying mites to the family level in the diet of a Microhylidae. There was no statistical difference between males and females regarding diet composition.

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