New morphological data and molecular diagnostic of Henneguya friderici (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae), a parasite of Leporinus friderici (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae) from southeastern Brazil

Abstract The myxozoan Henneguya friderici is a parasite of the gills, intestine, kidney and liver of Leporinus friderici, a characiform fish belonging to the family Anostomidae. Forty-two specimens of L. friderici that had been caught in the Mogi Guaçú River, state of São Paulo, were studied. Elongated white plasmodia were found in the gill filaments of 10 host specimens (24%). The mature spores had an ellipsoidal body with polar capsules of equal size and caudal length greater than body length. This study also described 18S rDNA sequencing of H. friderici infecting the gill filaments. This produced a sequence of 1050 bp that demonstrated significant genetic differences with previously described species of Henneguya. Similarity analysis using sequences from species that clustered closest to those produced by this study showed that the species with greatest genetic similarity to H. friderici was H. leporinicola, with 94% similarity.

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Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae) in Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.512.4.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 512 (4) ◽

Author(s):

FILIPE SOARES DE SOUZA ◽

ALEXANDRE SALINO

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Red List ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Scientific Contribution ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Taxonomic Treatment ◽

The Family ◽

Brazilian Flora ◽

Made In

Polypodiaceae is notable for being one of the richest, most diverse, and abundant groups of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Currently, 65 genera and approximately 1652 species are recognized in the family. Pleopeltis is a monophyletic genus and comprises approximately 90 species, most of which are exclusive to the Neotropics. The aim of this scientific contribution is a taxonomic treatment of the Pleopeltis species occurring in Brazil. It has been based on the morphological data of specimens from Brazilian and foreign herbaria, as well as on observations and collections made in the field. Eighteen species are recognized in Brazil and occur in all Brazilian biomes, notably the Atlantic Forest (16 spp.). At least one species occurs in all Brazilian states, and the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais (southeastern Brazil) are the richest (11 spp. each). According to the Brazilian Flora Red List, three species are officially threatened, P. alborufula and P. monoides are endangered, and P. trindadensis is critically endangered; however, we suggest including two more species in the official list: P. aturensis and P. stolzei. The taxonomic treatment includes a genus description, identification key to the species, synonyms, species description, distribution maps, illustrations, list of specimens studied, taxonomic comments, and information on habitat and distribution.

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Blankaartia sinnamaryi (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) parasitizing birds in southeastern Brazil, with notes on Rickettsia detection

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-296120180057 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Bassini-Silva ◽

Fernando de Castro Jacinavicius ◽

Ralph Maturano ◽

Sebastián Muñoz-Leal ◽

Ronald Ochoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

18S Rdna ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Mite Species ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Chigger Mite ◽

Skin Reactions ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

18S Rdna Sequences

Abstract The larvae of the family Trombiculidae are ectoparasites of vertebrates, including birds. The bite of some species can cause deep lesions and severe skin reactions in the host, these can lead to dermatitis, popularly known as trombiculiasis. A morphological study of chiggers collected on birds from the state of Minas Gerais in Southeastern Brazil discovered Blankaartia sinnamaryi-infestation on Passeriformes birds. Molecular studies of the disclosed the 18S rDNA sequences of the mite, and the detection of a Rickettsia sp. in this chigger mite species.

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Three new cribrimorph bryozoans (order Cheilostomatida) from the early Miocene of Argentina, with a discussion on spinocystal shield morphologies

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2020.108 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Juan López-Gappa ◽

Leandro M. Pérez ◽

Ana C.S. Almeida ◽

Débora Iturra ◽

Dennis P. Gordon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type Species ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Early Miocene ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Fossil Species ◽

Extant Species ◽

The Family ◽

Subjective Synonym

Abstract Bryozoans with calcified frontal shields formed by the fusion of costae, collectively constituting a spinocyst, are traditionally assigned to the family Cribrilinidae. Today, this family is regarded as nonmonophyletic. In the Argentine Cenozoic, cribrilinids were until recently represented by only two fossil species from the Paleocene of Patagonia. This study describes the first fossil representatives of Jolietina and Parafigularia: J. victoria n. sp. and P. pigafettai n. sp., respectively. A fossil species of Figularia, F. elcanoi n. sp., is also described. The material comes from the early Miocene of the Monte León and Chenque formations (Patagonia, Argentina). For comparison, we also provide redescriptions of the remaining extant species of Jolietina: J. latimarginata (Busk, 1884) and J. pulchra Canu and Bassler, 1928a. The systematic position of some species previously assigned to Figularia is here discussed. Costafigularia n. gen. is erected, with Figularia pulcherrima Tilbrook, Hayward, and Gordon, 2001 as type species. Two species previously assigned to Figularia are here transferred to Costafigularia, resulting in C. jucunda n. comb. and C. tahitiensis n. comb. One species of Figularia is reassigned to Vitrimurella, resulting in V. ampla n. comb. The family Vitrimurellidae is here reassigned to the superfamily Cribrilinoidea. The subgenus Juxtacribrilina is elevated to genus rank. Inferusia is regarded as a subjective synonym of Parafigularia. Parafigularia darwini Moyano, 2011 is synonymized with I. taylori Kuklinski and Barnes, 2009, resulting in Parafigularia taylori n. comb. Morphological data suggest that these genera comprise different lineages, and a discussion on the disparities among cribrilinid (sensu lato) spinocysts is provided. UUID: http://zoobank.org/215957d3-064b-47e2-9090-d0309f6c9cd8

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Comparative Cytogenetics in Four Leptodactylus Species (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae): Evidence of Inner Chromosomal Diversification in Highly Conserved Karyotypes

Cytogenetic and Genome Research ◽

10.1159/000515831 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

David S. da Silva ◽

Heriberto F. da Silva Filho ◽

Marcelo B. Cioffi ◽

Edivaldo H.C. de Oliveira ◽

Anderson J.B. Gomes

Keyword(s):

18S Rdna ◽

Repetitive Sequences ◽

Molecular Cytogenetics ◽

Comparative Cytogenetics ◽

The Family ◽

Agnor Staining ◽

Dna Elements ◽

Conventional Cytogenetics ◽

Species Specific ◽

Repetitive Dna Elements

With 82 species currently described, the genus Leptodactylus is the most diverse and representative one in the family Leptodactylidae. Concerning chromosomal organization, this genus represents an interesting and underexplored group since data from molecular cytogenetics are incipient, and little is known about the organization and distribution of repetitive DNA elements in the karyotypes. In this sense, this study aimed at providing a comparative analysis in 4 Leptodactylus species (L. macrosternum, L. pentadactylus, L. fuscus, and Leptodactylus cf. podicipinus), combining conventional cytogenetics (Giemsa staining, C-banding, and AgNOR staining) and mapping of molecular markers (18S rDNA, telomeric and microsatellite probes), to investigate mechanisms underlying their karyotype differentiation process. The results showed that all species had karyotypes with 2n = 22 and FN = 44, except for Leptodactylus cf. podicipinus which presented FN = 36. The 18S rDNA was observed in pair 8 of all analyzed species (corresponding to pair 4 in L. pentadactylus), coinciding with the secondary constrictions and AgNOR staining. FISH with microsatellite DNA probes demonstrated species-specific patterns, as well as an association of these repetitive sequences with constitutive heterochromatin blocks and ribosomal DNA clusters, revealing the dynamics of microsatellites in the genome of the analyzed species. In summary, our data demonstrate an ongoing process of genomic divergence inside species with almost similar karyotype, driven most likely by a series of pericentric inversions, followed by differential accumulation of repetitive sequences.

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The genus Trophomera Rubtsov & Platonova, 1974 with description of T. litoralis sp. n. (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the tidal zone of the Kuril Archipelago and proposal of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 as a junior synonym

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854106778493457 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 411-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dmitry M. Miljutin

Keyword(s):

Body Length ◽

Original Description ◽

Junior Synonym ◽

Zoological Nomenclature ◽

Nominal Species ◽

Tidal Zone ◽

Annotated List ◽

The Family ◽

Tail Shape ◽

Emended Description

Abstract The type species of Trophomera, T. iturupiensis, is redescribed from type material and important errors in the original description corrected. As a result of this emended description, Benthimermis is proposed as a junior synonym of Trophomera and its species transferred accordingly. The family name Benthimermithidae is retained according to articles 23.1 and 40.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Trophomera is diagnosed and an annotated list of nominal species presented. Trophomera litoralis sp. n., collected from the tidal zone of Ushishir Island (Kuril Archipelago), is described on the basis of four males. The males of T. litoralis sp. n. differ from those of other Trophomera species primarily by the much higher number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 2-68). Trophomera litoralis sp. n. is most similar to T. regalis comb. n. yet differs by shorter body length (5.8-9.3 vs 14.9 mm), body proportions (a = 67-107 vs 124.4; c = 61-97 vs 135.7), greater length of the intermediate spermatoduct between the anterior and posterior testes (ca 1/7th vs ca 1/140th of body length), tail shape (rounded conoid vs pointed conoid), and number of precloacal supplementary organs (105-108 vs 49).

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Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the Neotropical forest lizards (Squamata, Diploglossidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4974 (2) ◽

pp. 201-257

Author(s):

MOLLY SCHOOLS ◽

S. BLAIR HEDGES

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Tropical Forests ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Undescribed Species ◽

Caribbean Islands ◽

Neotropical Forest ◽

The Family ◽

Middle America ◽

America South ◽

Early Cenozoic

Lizards of the family Diploglossidae occur in moist, tropical forests of Middle America, South America, and Caribbean islands. Our analyses based on new molecular and morphological data indicate that the widely distributed genera Celestus Gray, 1839 and Diploglossus Wiegmann, 1834 are paraphyletic. We restrict the former to Caribbean islands and the latter to South America and Caribbean islands. We assign species in Middle America, formerly placed in Celestus and Diploglossus, to Advenus gen. nov., Mesoamericus gen. nov., and Siderolamprus Cope, 1861. We assign species on Caribbean islands, formerly placed in Celestus, to Caribicus gen. nov., Comptus gen. nov., Celestus, Panolopus Cope, 1862, Sauresia Gray, 1852, and Wetmorena Cochran, 1927. Our phylogenetic tree supports three major clades in the family: Celestinae subfam. nov. (Advenus gen. nov., Caribicus gen. nov., Comptus gen. nov., Celestus, Panolopus, Sauresia, and Wetmorena), Diploglossinae (Diploglossus and Ophiodes Wagler, 1828), and Siderolamprinae subfam. nov. (Mesoamericus gen. nov. and Siderolamprus). Our timetree indicates that the diploglossid lineage originated in the early Cenozoic and established three major centers of diversification in the Americas: Middle America (siderolamprines and one celestine), South America (diploglossines), and Caribbean islands (celestines and diploglossines). The majority of threatened species are on Caribbean islands, with the major threats being deforestation and predation by the introduced mongoose. Molecular and morphological data indicate that there are many undescribed species in this family of lizards.

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Professional and community satisfaction with the Brazilian family health strategy

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047003868 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 403-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lilian G Perez ◽

Juliet D Sheridan ◽

Andrea Y Nicholls ◽

Katherine E Mues ◽

Priscila S Saleme ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Community Health ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Family Health ◽

Pediatric Care ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Health Strategy ◽

The Family ◽

Family Health Strategy

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the strengths and limitations of the Family Health Strategy from the perspective of health care professionals and the community. METHODS: Between June-August 2009, in the city of Vespasiano, Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil, a questionnaire was used to evaluate the Family Health Strategy (ESF) with 77 healthcare professionals and 293 caregivers of children under five. Health care professional training, community access to health care, communication with patients and delivery of health education and pediatric care were the main points of interest in the evaluation. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals as well as to assess the statistical significance of the variables studied. RESULTS: The majority of health care professionals reported their program training was insufficient in quantity, content and method of delivery. Caregivers and professionals identified similar weaknesses (services not accessible to the community, lack of healthcare professionals, poor training for professionals) and strengths (community health worker-patient communications, provision of educational information, and pediatric care). Recommendations for improvement included: more doctors and specialists, more and better training, and scheduling improvements. Caregiver satisfaction with the ESF was found to be related to perceived benefits such as community health agent household visits (OR 5.8, 95%CI 2.8;12.1), good professional-patient relationships (OR 4.8, 95%CI 2.5;9.3), and family-focused health (OR 4.1, 95%CI 1.6;10.2); and perceived problems such as lack of personnel (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2;0.6), difficulty with access (OR 0.2, 95%CI 0.1;0.4), and poor quality of care (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1;0.6). Overall, 62% of caregivers reported being generally satisfied with the ESF services. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the limitations and strengths of the Family Health Strategy from the healthcare professional and caregiver perspective may serve to advance primary community healthcare in Brazil.

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Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2018-0091 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 766-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nessrine Ghanmi ◽

David González-Solís ◽

Lamia Gargouri

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Body Length ◽

Nematode Species ◽

The Body ◽

Nominal Species ◽

Congeneric Species ◽

Red Mullet ◽

Mullus Barbatus ◽

The Family

Abstract Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.

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A revised taxonomy of Asian snail-eating snakes Pareas (Squamata, Pareidae): evidence from morphological comparison and molecular phylogeny

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.939.49309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 939 ◽

pp. 45-64

Author(s):

Ping Wang ◽

Jing Che ◽

Qin Liu ◽

Ke Li ◽

Jie Qiong Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Bayesian Inference ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Multivariate Morphometrics ◽

Cryptic Diversity ◽

Cyt B ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

The Family ◽

Two New Species

The Asian snail-eating snakes Pareas is the largest genus of the family Pareidae (formerly Pareatidae), and widely distributed in Southeast Asia. However, potential diversity remains poorly explored due to their highly conserved morphology and incomplete samples. Here, on basis of more extensive sampling, interspecific phylogenetic relationships of the genus Pareas were reconstructed using two mitochondrial fragments (cyt b and ND4) and two nuclear genes (c-mos and Rag1), and multivariate morphometrics conducted for external morphological data. Both Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses consistently showed that the genus Pareas was comprised of two distinct, monophyletic lineages with moderate to low support values. Based on evidences from molecular phylogeny and morphological data, cryptic diversity of this genus was uncovered and two new species were described. In additional, the validity of P. macularius is confirmed.

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Importance of the postcranial skeleton in eusuchian phylogeny: Reassessing the systematics of allodaposuchid crocodylians

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251900 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0251900

Author(s):

Alejandro Blanco

Keyword(s):

Current Knowledge ◽

Phylogenetic Signal ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Postcranial Skeleton ◽

Skull Morphology ◽

Taxonomic Descriptions ◽

The Family ◽

Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽

Internal Relationships

Our current knowledge on the crocodyliform evolution is strongly biased towards the skull morphology, and the postcranial skeleton is usually neglected in many taxonomic descriptions. However, it is logical to expect that it can contribute with its own phylogenetic signal. In this paper, the changes in the tree topology caused by the addition of the postcranial information are analysed for the family Allodaposuchidae, the most representative eusuchians in the latest Cretaceous of Europe. At present, different phylogenetic hypotheses have been proposed for this group without reaching a consensus. The results of this paper evidence a shift in the phylogenetic position when the postcranium is included in the dataset, pointing to a relevant phylogenetic signal in the postcranial elements. Finally, the phylogenetic relationships of allodaposuchids within Eusuchia are reassessed; and the internal relationships within Allodaposuchidae are also reconsidered after an exhaustive revision of the morphological data. New and improved diagnoses for each species are here provided.

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