Physio-biochemical Responses of In Vitro Cooking Banana Musa paradisiaca cv Lang towards Pseudo Induced Drought Stress by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

Musa paradisiaca cv Lang belongs to cooking banana group, and it has high potential to be used in banana chips production. Like other cultivars, M. paradisiaca cv Lang is susceptible towards water shortage, therefore affecting banana growth and productivity. In this study, to mimic the drought condition, pseudo-drought stress was given to in vitro Lang banana seedlings by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG). Overall, decrement of roots length and chlorophyll (Chl) content was displayed by the seedlings exposed to 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% (w/v) of PEG after three weeks of exposure. The proline content, total soluble protein content, and antioxidant capacity in leaf and roots, however, countered differently towards different levels of drought. Proline content showed the highest in leaf of 2% (w/v) PEG-treated seedling (12.66±0.38 µmoles/g) while the total soluble protein content showed the highest in roots of 5% (w/v) of PEG-treated seedling (30.65±1.07 mg/g FW). Antioxidant capacity of stressed seedlings revealed the catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were the highest in the leaf of 1% (w/v) (10.69±5.06 µmol/min/mg), 4% (w/v), (0.079±0.03 µmol/min/mg), and 5% (w/v) (9.11±8.47 µmol/min/mg) of PEG- treated seedlings, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest CAT, POD, and APX activities in the roots were determined in 3% (w/v) (0.49±0.04 µmol/min/mg), 2% (w/v) (0.03±0.02 µmol/min/mg), and 3% (w/v) (16.69±0.5 µmol/min/mg) of PEG-treated seedlings, respectively. These data show that PEG can be a priming agent to induce defense system at seedling stage of banana, which could enhance their survivability during ex vitro acclimatization.

PENGARUH PERBEDAAN METODE MASERASI DAN REMASERASI KULIT PISANG NANGKA (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP PENAPISAN FITOKIMIA

Kulit Pisang Nangka (Musa paradisiaca L.) mengandung senyawa kimia seperti alkaloid, fenol, tanin, flavonoid, dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode ekstraksi yang lebih baik antara metode Maserasi dan Remaserasi pada Kulit Pisang Nangka (Musa paradisiaca L.) terhadap Penapisan Fitokimia. Kandungan senyawa tersebut memiliki khasiat sebagai Antibakteri dan Antioksidan. Jenis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu Uji Laboratorium dengan uji metabolit sekunder menggunakan Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Nangka (Musa paradisiaca L.) yang menggunakan pelarut Etanol 96%, dengan perbedaan penggunaan metode ekstraksi antara Maserasi dan Remaserasi. Hasil identifikasi uji penapisan fitokimia dengan dua metode yang berbeda ini menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang sama, yaitu: alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, tanin, dan saponin. Sedangkan pada nilai rendemen ekstrak Kulit Pisang Nangka dari metode maserasi, diperoleh persentase nilai rendemen sebanyak 5,21%, dan pada metode remaserasi sebanyak 5,64%. Hasil dari analisis kualitatif dengan metode penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa metode ekstaraksi maserasi dan remaserasi tidak mempengaruhi kandungan senyawa kimia dalam tumbuhan tetapi mempengaruhi % rendemen ekstrak yang dihasilkan.

Penggunaan molases pada silase kulit pisang nangka (Musa paradisiaca informa typica) terhadap kandungan serat kasar dan protein kasar

The purpose of this research was to determine the used of molases as an additive in making banana jackfruit peel silage on crude fiber and crude protein. This research was conducted in Sirnaraja, Mandalasari village, Cikalongwetan district, West Bandung regency for 21 days, while the sample test carried out Balai Pengujian Mutu dan Keamanan Pakan/Bahan Pakan (BPMKP/BP) at the Cikole-Lembang. The method used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with four treatments (P0 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 0% molases), (P1 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 1% molases), (P2 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 3% molases), (P3 : banana jackfruit peel silage with 5% molases) and five replication. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test. The result show that the used of molases as an additive was significantly (P<0,05) of crude fiber and crude protein with average 8,79-31,61% and 8,79-9,55%. The used of 3% molases is the most optimal of the decrease crude fiber and increase crude protein.

Anti-Tumor Activity of Eco-Friendly AgNPs Derived from Musa Paradisiaca Pseudo Stem Methanolic Extracts and their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities in Ovarian Cancer Cell Line-PA1

Musa Paradisiaca, commonly known as Banana, is a gigantic herb. Its main upright stem is called as Pseudostem. Banana plant have lots of medicinal uses.This piece of work describes the anti-cancerous activity of methanolic extracts made from pseudo stem of Musa paradisiaca. Anti-tumour activity of biogenic AgNPs has not been digged in the field of Ovarian cancer. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were identified by the formation of light-yellow colour solution and U.V-Visible spectrophotometer analysis which showed maximum absorbance at 423nm. The presence of ketones, methyl groups, nitrosamines and aromatic rings as functional groups in AgNPS was identified using FTIR. The antibacterial studies were performed by Agar Diffusion method against different strains of bacteria. The AgNPs showed antioxidant activity through DPPH assay. The antiproliferative activity of AgNPs was demonstrated against ovarian cancer cell line Pa 1 with MTT assay and confirmed using PI staining. In the toxicity study, a significant mortality rate was observed with an IC50 concentration of 250 µg, so they are cytotoxic at high concentrations of AgNPs. Keywords: Biosynthesis; Silver nanoparticles; Characterization; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Anticancer; Flowcytometry

Estudio socioeconómico de los productores de banano orgánico, Cantón Milagro, Ecuador

La producción de banano (Musa paradisiaca L.) es considerada una de las actividades agrícolas de mayor importancia económica del Ecuador, pues este sector representa una importante fuente de generación de empleo en el país. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue identificar los factores socioeconómicos y tecnológicos que potencian y limitan la situación actual de los pequeños productores de banano orgánico del cantón Milagro, provincia del Guayas-Ecuador. Esta investigación de tipo descriptiva consistió en la recolección, la descripción, el registro, el análisis y la interpretación de información destinada a caracterizar la situación actual de los productores de banano orgánico en el mencionado sector. Los productores que conformaron la muestra de estudio tienen un promedio de edad de 55 años. La mayor parte de los agricultores señalan que sus ingresos provienen de la actividad bananera, y que su producción se encuentra entre 151 a 200 cajas mensuales. Entre los factores que más inciden en los costos de producción están la mano de obra, los insumos y el proceso logístico. La mayoría se financia con recursos propios. Los productores que forman parte de esta muestra poseen cultivos de 1.5 a 5 hectárea de banano de la variedad Cavendish. Para realizar las labores de mantenimiento del cultivo, cosecha y empaque utilizan mano de obra contratada y familiar.