scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bispo Pires ◽  
Raquel Rocha ◽  
Daniel Vargas ◽  
Carla Daltro ◽  
Helma P Cotrim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with HIV/AIDS. METHODS The systematic review included articles indexed in MEDLINE (by PubMed), Web of Science, IBECS, and LILACS. Studies eligible included the year of publication, diagnose criteria of NAFLD and HIV, and were published in English, Portuguese, or Spanish from 2006 to 2018. The exclusion criteria were studies with HIV-infection patients and other liver diseases. Two reviewers were involved in the study and applied the same methodology, according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). RESULTS One hundred and sixteen papers were selected, including full articles, editorial letters, and reviews. Twenty-seven articles were excluded because they did meet the inclusion criteria. A total of 89 articles were read, and 13 were considered eligible for this review. Four case series used imaging methods to identify NAFLD, and nine included histology. The prevalence of NAFLD in HIV-patients ranged from 30%-100% and, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), from 20% to 89%. A positive association between dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and body mass index was observed. There was no agreement between the studies that evaluated the relationship between antiretroviral drugs and NAFLD. CONCLUSION This systematic review showed a high prevalence of NAFLD in HIV-patients, which was associated with metabolic risk factors. The possible association between antiretroviral therapy and NAFLD needs further studies.

scholarly journals Association between PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Salari ◽  
Niloufar Darvishi ◽  
Kamran Mansouri ◽  
Hooman Ghasemi ◽  
Melika Hosseinian-Far ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disorder that is known to be the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the association between PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Methods Following a systematic review and meta-analysis method, articles without any time limitation, were extracted from SID, MagIran, IranDoc, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), PubMed and ScienceDirect international databases. Random effects model was used for analysis, and heterogeneity of studies was investigated considering the I2 index and using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Results The odds ratio of CC genotype in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver demonstrates the protective effect of CC genotype with the ratio of 0.52, whereas CG genotype presents an increasing effect of CG genotype with the ratio of 0.19, and GG genotype also showed an increasing effect of GG genotype with the ratio of 1.05. Moreover, CG + GG genotypes as a single group demostrated an odds rartio of 0.88. Conclusion This meta-analysis highlights that people with CC genotype has 52% lower chance of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and those with CG genotype had 19% higher risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver. Those with GG genotype were 105% more likely to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver than others. Moreover, those present in a population with CG + GG genotypes were 88% more likely to have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Association of liver biomarkers and cytokeratin-18 in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benash Altaf ◽  
Anam Rehman ◽  
Shireen Jawed ◽  
Abdul Raouf
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cytokeratin 18 ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Objective: To investigate the association of gold standard liver biomarkers with serum cytokeratin 18 (CK18), serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate (AST). Methods: This was cross sectional study. It was conducted at Mayo Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. It comprised of 148 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease subjects of age 40-60 years. After written informed consent, study anthropometric measurements (age, height, waist circumference and hip circumference) were taken and serum AST, ALT and CK-18 were estimated by sandwiched ELISA technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Descriptive were presented as mean and standard deviation. Association between CK18, serum AST and ALT were analyzed by regression analysis and are presented as beta coefficient. P-value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Study comprised of 148 subjects with mean age 44.81±6.2. Of total population 29.1% were male and 70.9% were female. Significant positive association of CK18 was found with serum ALT (P-value 0.005*). However, no association was found between AST and serum CK18. (P-value 0.29). Conclusion: Significant positive association was found between Serum CK18 and serum ALT. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1674 How to cite this:Altaf B, Rehman A, Jawed S, Raouf A. Association of liver biomarkers and cytokeratin-18 in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1674 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Increased hepcidin levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese prepubertal children: a further piece to the complex puzzle of metabolic derangements

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosimo Giannini ◽  
Nella Polidori ◽  
Maria Alessandra Saltarelli ◽  
Francesco Chiarelli ◽  
Raffaella Basilico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Introduction Several studies on obese youths and adults have reported increased hepcidin levels, which seems to be related to metabolic and iron metabolism alterations. The complete mechanisms involved in hepcidin increase remain to be elucidated, and particularly its role in the development of other known complications such as Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). NAFLD in prepubertal children might be of special interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms. Methods Anthropometric measurements, liver ultrasonography, lipid profile, liver function, oxidative stress, inflammatory state, and iron metabolism were studied in 42 obese prepubertal children and 33 healthy controls. We, therefore, evaluated the presence of possible correlations between Hepcidin and the other metabolic variables, and the possible association between NAFLD and iron metabolism. Results Hepcidin levels were significantly increased in the obese prepubertal children (p=0.001) with significant differences between obese children with and without NAFLD (p=0.01). Blood iron was lower in obese children (p=0.009). In the obese group, a negative correlation between hepcidin and both blood iron levels (p=0.01) and LagPHASE (p=0.02) was found. In addition, a positive association between hepcidin and NAFLD (p=0.03) was detected. Conclusions We suggest that an increase in hepcidin levels may represent an early step in iron metabolism derangements and metabolic alterations, including NAFLD, in prepubertal obese children.

scholarly journals Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with coronary artery calcification progression: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Koulaouzidis ◽  
D Charisopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Several studies have demonstrated the association of coronary artery calcification (CAC)  with non alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). The aim of this systematic review is to assess the association of NAFLD with the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis, reflected as the dynamic changes in CAC score(CACs) over time. Methods Electronic and manual searches retrieved 578 potentially relevant publications. The initial screening resulted in removing 486 papers according to title and abstract.  By reviewing the full articles, 53 papers were further excluded and eventually, 5 studies were included in this review. Results Four studies were from South Korea, while one study was from USA.  VanWagner et al(1) showed that NAFLD participants had increased prevalence of CAC progression compared to those without NAFLD, 37.9% vs. 26.0% respectively, p < 0.001. Sung et al(2) showed that in 592 (27.2%) participants, CACs increased from baseline; while in the rest 1583 subjects, CACs did not change or improved during follow-up, p < 0.001. Park et al(3) noticed that more subjects with NAFLD than without showed CAC progression(48.8% vs. 38.4% respectively;p < 0.001. But in subjects without calcification at baseline, NAFLD significantly affected the development of calcification after adjusting for traditional metabolic risk factors. However, in subjects with baseline CAC, NAFLD did not affect progression. Sinn et al(4) found that the annual rate of CAC progression in subjects with and without NAFLD were 22% and 17% respectively, p < 0.001. The association between NAFLD and CAC progression was observed both in subjects with CACs = 0 and in those with CACs > 0 at baseline. In the study by Cho et al(5) CAC progression was seen in 28.3% of subjects with NALFD, and in 18.6% of subjects in the control group. Conclusion  In our review, we found that NAFLD is associated with the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis as it was expressed by the CAC. 

New therapy for fatty liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Tanita Suttichaimongkol
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Related Mortality

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of death from liver cirrhosis, endstage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also associated with increased cardiovasculardisease and cancer related mortality. While lifestyle modifications are the mainstay of treatment,only a proportion of patients are able to make due to difficult to achieve and maintain, and so moretreatment options are required such as pharmacotherapy. This review presents the drugs used inmanaging NAFLD and their pharmacologic targets. Therapies are currently directed towards improvingthe metabolic status of the liver, insulin resistance, cell oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation orfibrosis. Several agents are now in large clinical trials and within the next few years, the availability oftherapeutic options for NAFLD will be approved.     Keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis  

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