scholarly journals Chemical control of stalk regrowth in glyphosate-resistant transgenic cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 530-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre C. de B. Ferreira ◽  
Julio C. Bogiani ◽  
Valdinei Sofiatti ◽  
João L. da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Transgenic Cotton ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACT Cotton stalk regrowth must be controlled after harvest to ensure the phytosanitary quality and sustainability of cotton farming systems. Mechanical destruction generally does not conform to the no-tillage system, and the control of cotton stalk regrowth by herbicides is little studied in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of herbicides to control glyphosate-resistant transgenic cotton stalk regrowth. The study was conducted in three environments of the Brazilian Cerrado region, two in Santa Helena de Goiás (SHGO), during 2013 and 2014, and one in Luís Eduardo Magalhães (LEM-BA) in 2014. In each of the three environments, the experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block with four replications. Each experiment consisted of different combinations of herbicides and one untreated control. Cotton stalk regrowth was influenced by the three environments. Two sequential 2,4-D amine applications, each with 1,000 g ha-1 of acid equivalent, resulted in better cotton stalk destruction, albeit with 4.9, 16.9 and 36.9% of cotton stalk regrowth in SHGO 2013 and 2014, and LEM-BA 2014, respectively. A single application of 2,4-D amine and a 2,4-D amine spraying followed by the application of carfentrazone-ethyl, paraquat, saflufenacil, paraquat + diuron or glufosinate-ammonium are not effective to control glyphosate-resistant transgenic cotton stalk regrowth. The best destruction of cotton stalk regrowth occurs with two sequential applications of 2,4-D amine.

C and P pool restoration by a no-tillage system on Brazilian Cerrado Oxisol in Piauí State

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Géssica Marafon ◽  
Ronny Sobreira Barbosa ◽  
Julian Junio de Jesus Lacerda ◽  
Vanessa Martins ◽  
João de Deus Ferreira e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Tillage System

scholarly journals Quantification of soil microorganisms under several cover crops managed with no-tillage system for fifteen years in the Brazilian Cerrado

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511-1515
Author(s):  
Gabrielly Isaac Rodrigues ◽  
◽  
Ernane Miranda Lemes ◽  
Alyne Dantas Mendes de Paula ◽  
Diego Tolentino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Tillage System

scholarly journals Quality index of an Oxisol under different management systems in the Brazilian Cerrado

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Marla O. Fagundes ◽  
Diony A. Reis ◽  
Roberto B. Portella ◽  
Fabiano J. Perina ◽  
Julio C. Bogiani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Tillage System

ABSTRACT Assessing soil quality under different cover crops or different management systems is essential to its conservation. This study aimed to evaluate an Oxisol cultivated with corn and cotton, after different crop successions and under no-tillage system (NTS) and conventional tillage system (CT), through the soil quality index (SQI), using an area of native Cerrado as reference. The study was carried out in the municipality of Luís Eduardo Magalhães, Western Bahia, Brazil. Soil samples with the preserved and non-preserved structure were collected in the layers of 0-0.05 m, 0.05-0.10 m, and 0.10-0.20 m to determine the macroporosity, the soil bulk density, the available water, the levels of total organic carbon, the clay dispersed in water, and the degree of flocculation. The averages of the attributes measured in the treatments and the soil quality index, which was elaborated by the method of deviations of the values of the attributes measured in the treatments concerning the reference area, followed by normalization, were compared by the Duncan test (p ≤ 0.05). The soil under CT, in all treatments, had its quality reduced when compared to the NTS. Also, the SQI used was sensitive to detect the changes caused by the management systems and assign consistent scores to the evaluated soil quality.

scholarly journals No-Tillage and Phosphate Fertilization Management on Soybean Culture in Brazilian Cerrado

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Robson Da Costa Leite ◽  
Rubson Da Costa Leite ◽  
Jefferson Santana da Silva Carneiro ◽  
Gilson Araújo de Freitas ◽  
Antônio Carlos Martis dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
No Till ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Four Levels

Despite the benefits of no-till practices, soil compaction is a problem that can cause, among other things, mechanical impediment to root growth and less response to soil fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of subsoiling and doses of phosphate fertilization on soybean that have been cultivated over ten years under no-till systems in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block design in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Two managements in consolidated no-tillage area were considered: with and without subsoiling, along with four levels of phosphate fertilization: 0, 100, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The practice of subsoiling in an area with ten years of no-till system provided an increase of 124.38 kg ha-1 in soybean productivity. Soybean plants grown under no-tillage system, with subsoil management, showed better development and pod production. The maximum phosphorus efficiency, with subsoiling, was achieved with the dose of 172 kg ha-1 of P2O5, yielding 5,693.4 kg ha-1. In the no-tillage system, the maximum efficiency dose and crop yield were 159 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 5434.2 kg ha-1, respectively.

scholarly journals OFF-SEASON STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE SOIL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES IN A NO-TILL SYSTEM IN THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
RANIER VIEIRA FERREIRA ◽  
ROSE LUIZA MORAES TAVARES ◽  
SILVIO VASCONCELOS PAIVA FILLHO ◽  
INDIAMARA MARASCA ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
No Till ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Resistance To Penetration

In the central region of Brazil, sorghum and maize are considered viable crop alternatives to be cultivated during off-season periods, mainly for the production of grains in succession to the cultivation of soybeans and intercropping with brachiaria grasses. This study aimed to evaluate the physical soil qualities of the soil from an area with different off-season management histories (monoculture or agricultural intercropping). Maize, sorghum and brachiaria crops have been cultivated under no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design, with four replications. The treatments included: monoculture or intercropping between sorghum and brachiaria (first off-season strategy) or maize and brachiaria (second off-season strategy). The following physical properties of the soil were evaluated: soil bulk density, porosity, soil resistance to penetration, soil moisture and texture and the contents of organic carbon, which were analyzed at 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm deep. In the off-season, the cultivation of single brachiaria promoted a greater amount of dry matter when compared with sorghum- brachiaria or maize-brachiaria intercropping. The topsoil presented better physical quality when compared with the adjacent layers under no-tillage system. The use of brachiaria combined with sorghum or maize tends to improve the macro and microporosity of the soil.

scholarly journals Diversity and Longevity of the Soybean Debris Mycobiota in a No-Tillage System

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Baird ◽  
B. G. Mullinix ◽  
A. B. Peery ◽  
M. L. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Cercospora Kikuchii ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Mesh Bags ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Fungi

The survival of the mycobiota on pod and stem debris of soybean produced in a no-tillage system with cover crops of alfalfa, canola, rye, or wheat or with no cover was studied during 1994 and 1995. Fiberglass mesh bags containing pods and stems were assayed every 28 to 31 days to determine the isolation frequency of fungi. Over 90% of the 11,906 isolates obtained were members of the Deuteromycotina. The most common genera isolated were Alternaria, Cercos-pora, Colletotrichum, Epicoccum, Fusarium, and Phoma. Alternaria spp. had the greatest isolation frequencies and constituted 40% of the total cultures. Numbers of total fungi (all fungi isolated) on sampling dates in 1994 were similar to the totals in 1995. In May 1994, the mean isolation rates for many of the fungal species were significantly lower (P = 0.05) in several of the cover crops, but no consistent pattern could be determined. Common soybean pathogens isolated included Colletotrichum spp., Diaporthe spp., and Cercospora kikuchii. Fusarium graminearum, which is responsible for several diseases of maize and wheat, was commonly isolated during this study. Of the Diaporthe spp. (anamorph Phomopsis spp.), 87% were identified as D. phaseolorum var. sojae. Colletotrichum spp. were identified as C. truncatum in 85% of the isolates, C. destructivum (teleomorph Glomerella glycines) in 12%, and both species in 3%. Cercospora kikuchii was more commonly isolated from pods than from stem tissue, and Colletotrichum spp. occurred more frequently on stems. Isolation frequencies of Diaporthe spp. were greater in May of both years than in the preceding months. These results show that no-tillage soybean debris harbors numerous fungi pathogenic to soybean, and producers who grow soybeans continuously may find more disease in this crop and lower yields. Fungi that attack crops such as maize and wheat were commonly isolated from soybean debris in both years, and a no-tillage rotation which includes maize or wheat could result in increased disease in these crops. Isolation frequencies of the fungi from cover crops varied with the sampling date, but no consistent patterns could be determined for a particular cover crop or fungal species. This is the first detailed study of survival rates of soybean, maize, and wheat pathogens that overwinter on soybean debris in a no-tillage system.

scholarly journals Chemical attributes of a Hapludox soil after nine years of pig slurry application

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1766-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton da Veiga ◽  
Carla Maria Pandolfo ◽  
Alvadi Antonio Balbinot Junior ◽  
Evandro Spagnollo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Cu And Zn

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pig slurry application effects on chemical attributes of a Hapludox soil managed under no-tillage system. Treatments consisted of 50, 100 and 200 m³ ha-1 per year of pig slurry application, and a control with replacement of P and K exported through harvested grains. Attributes related to soil chemical reaction, exchange complex, and nutrient contents were determined in soil samples collected in the ninth year of experimentation from 0 - 0.025, 0.025 - 0.05, 0.05 - 0.10, 0.10 - 0.20, 0.20 - 0.40 and 0.40 - 0.60 m soil depths. The continuous application of high doses of pig slurry on the Oxisol surface under no-tillage acidifies the soil and increases Al, P, Cu, and Zn contents down to 0.2-m depth, and K levels down to 0.6-m depth.

scholarly journals Technical and Economic Viability of Wheat with Forms of Application and Doses of Boron

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando S. Galindo ◽  
Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Eduardo H. M. Boleta ◽  
Willian L. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Irrigated Wheat

Boron is one of the most limiting micronutrients in grains production system in Brazil. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the effect of forms of application and doses of boron in irrigated wheat grain yield evaluating the economic terms in Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in no-tillage system in an Oxisol with clay texture in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme: four doses of boron (0, 1, 2 and 4 kg ha-1) with boric acid source (B = 17%); and three apllication forms: a) in desiccation of the predecessor straw, together with herbicide; b) at the time of sowing, in soil along with the formulated fertilization seeding and c) via leaf tissue with the application of post emergent herbicide. The application of 2 kg ha-1 provides greater grain yields, but the highest economic return was obtained at the dose of 1 kg ha-1, with application in soil, ensuring profitability from production of irrigated wheat in the Cerrado.

scholarly journals Geostatistical analysis of crop yield maps in a long term no tillage system

Bragantia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Guedes Filho ◽  
Sidney Rosa Vieira ◽  
Marcio Koiti Chiba ◽  
Célia Regina Grego
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spherical Model ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Tillage System

It is known, for a long time, that crop yields are not uniform at the field. In some places, it is possible to distinguish sites with both low and high yields even within the same area. This work aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of some crop yields and to identify potential zones for site specific management in an area under no-tillage system for 23 years. Data were analyzed from a 3.42 ha long term experimental area at the Centro Experimental Central of the Instituto Agronômico, located in Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The crop yield data evaluated included the following crops: soybean, maize, lablab and triticale, and all of them were cultivated since 1985 and sampled at a regular grid of 302 points. Data were normalized and analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistical tools in order to demonstrate and describe the structure of the spatial variability. All crop yields showed high variability. All of them also showed spatial dependence and were fitted to the spherical model, except for the yield of the maize in 1999 productivity which was fitted to the exponential model. The north part of the area presented repeated high values of productivity in some years. There was a positive cross correlation amongst the productivity values, especially for the maize crops.

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