Aplikasi pengendalian hayati untuk penyakit parasitik pada Kerbau Rawa di Desa Tanjung Pering Kecamatan Inderalaya Kabupaten Ogan Ilir

One of the problems that occur in buffalo farms in tanjung pering village is that buffaloes often experience health problems caused by parasites. The results of initial observations showed that livestock showed symptoms such as dry skin, hair loss, loss of appetite, lethargy and finally decreased productivity and even death. This disease often appears during the transition from the rainy season to the dry season. Based on the results of research that has been carried out on faecal samples of swamp buffalo in the villages of tanjung pering and tanjung senai, the identification of the presence of parasite eggs of cestode, nematode and trematode. This activity aims to provide knowledge innovation to the farming community in tanjung pering village about the methods and importance of biological control as an alternative to controlling the spread of parasitic diseases. The methods used in this activity are counseling, training in the form of demonstrations and activity evaluations. The results of the extension activities show that there is an increase in the understanding of farmers about the causes and symptoms of the disease, how to handle and biological control of parasites by using the nematophagus fungus. The conclusion of this activity is the existence of continuous application of disease control using biological agents to suppress livestock populations experiencing parasitic infections.

Structure-property Relationship of Flavonoids as Potential Green Inhibitors for Oilfield Scales: A Mini-review

Scale deposits are a significant flow assurance issue in oil and gas operation with huge financial consequences. Not only does scaling drastically impair well performance, but it also has the potential to permanently destroy formation and equipment. Scale inhibitors are commonly used to prevent the accumulation of scales. A good scale inhibitor should be stable at the minimum effective inhibitor concentration under imposed operating conditions without interfering with or being affected by other chemical additives. However, most conventional scale inhibitors that possess these attributes, do not meet environmental restrictions which make them unfavorable for continuous application, prompting the industry to focus more on developing eco-friendly substitutes. This paper reviews the various types of scale inhibitors and general scale inhibition mechanism, summarizes scale concepts and ultimately, assesses the potential of flavonoids from natural plants as potential green scale inhibitors.

Analysis of Students’ Behavior in English Online Education Based on Data Mining

With the formation of global economic integration for better exchange and cooperation with nations around the world, mastering English is extremely essential. In the context of today’s big era with a variety of English learning methods, it is required that data mining be applied to online English education. Owing to the continuous application of data mining techniques and the improvement of the online learning system, its application in education is also more and more prevalent. In the face of a large amount of learning data and student behavior data, the traditional methods have the problems of low processing efficiency, more memory requirements, and large prediction error. Therefore, this paper proposes a student behavior analysis method of online English education based on data mining. The student behavior data is collected, and an online English education learning behavior model is established. The data mining model is built to filter the obtained behavior data through data preparation, data statistics, and analysis. Furthermore, the apriori algorithm is used to mine association rules and calculate the similarity of data followed by the application of a fuzzy neural network to mine the behavior data of English online education students. The experimental results show that this method has high data processing efficiency, takes up less space, and produces a low prediction error.

Salinity tolerance mechanisms and their breeding implications

Background The era of first green revolution brought about by the application of chemical fertilizers surely led to the explosion of food grains, but left behind the notable problem of salinity. Continuous application of these fertilizers coupled with fertilizer-responsive crops make the country self-reliant, but continuous deposition of these led to altered the water potential and thus negatively affecting the proper plant functioning from germination to seed setting. Main body Increased concentration of anion and cations and their accumulation and distribution cause cellular toxicity and ionic imbalance. Plants respond to salinity stress by any one of two mechanisms, viz., escape or tolerate, by either limiting their entry via root system or controlling their distribution and storage. However, the understanding of tolerance mechanism at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels will provide an insight for the identification of related genes and their introgression to make the crop more resilient against salinity stress. Short conclusion Novel emerging approaches of plant breeding and biotechnologies such as genome-wide association studies, mutational breeding, marker-assisted breeding, double haploid production, hyperspectral imaging, and CRISPR/Cas serve as engineering tools for dissecting the in-depth physiological mechanisms. These techniques have well-established implications to understand plants’ adaptions to develop more tolerant varieties and lower the energy expenditure in response to stress and, constitutively fulfill the void that would have led to growth resistance and yield penalty.

Environmental Occurrence, Toxicity Concerns, and Degradation of Diazinon Using a Microbial System

Diazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide widely used to control cabbage insects, cotton aphids and underground pests. The continuous application of diazinon in agricultural activities has caused both ecological risk and biological hazards in the environment. Diazinon can be degraded via physical and chemical methods such as photocatalysis, adsorption and advanced oxidation. The microbial degradation of diazinon is found to be more effective than physicochemical methods for its complete clean-up from contaminated soil and water environments. The microbial strains belonging to Ochrobactrum sp., Stenotrophomonas sp., Lactobacillus brevis, Serratia marcescens, Aspergillus niger, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Rhodotorula rubra were found to be very promising for the ecofriendly removal of diazinon. The degradation pathways of diazinon and the fate of several metabolites were investigated. In addition, a variety of diazinon-degrading enzymes, such as hydrolase, acid phosphatase, laccase, cytochrome P450, and flavin monooxygenase were also discovered to play a crucial role in the biodegradation of diazinon. However, many unanswered questions still exist regarding the environmental fate and degradation mechanisms of this pesticide. The catalytic mechanisms responsible for enzymatic degradation remain unexplained, and ecotechnological techniques need to be applied to gain a comprehensive understanding of these issues. Hence, this review article provides in-depth information about the impact and toxicity of diazinon in living systems and discusses the developed ecotechnological remedial methods used for the effective biodegradation of diazinon in a contaminated environment.

Effect of Oral Care in a Patient with Depression and Burning Mouth Syndrome during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning sensation that occurs in the mouth without any underlying cause. There is no satisfactory treatment for BMS, so far. Herein, we report the case of a 74-year-old female with untreated depression who presented with BMS. Despite taking antidepressants, she developed suicidal thoughts, particularly due to the increasing number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and suicides in Japan. The symptoms of BMS and the oral discomfort were eliminated using a multifaceted approach, which included the following: continuous application of the oral care gel “REFRECARE-H®” to the mucous membranes, regular dental visits, collaboration with medical and dental professionals, and administration of zinc preparations. Her suicidal thoughts had disappeared, and her quality of life, assessed using the visual analogue scale, was improved following the treatment. Dentists should strive to provide oral care, while providing treatment in collaboration with specialists, for the early detection of depression and zinc deficiency in patients with BMS.

Long-Term Monitored Road Degradation Functions as a Tool to Increase Quality of Pavement Design

Ensuring the sustainability of road infrastructure cannot be achieved without the continuous application of new knowledge and approaches within individual management steps. A particularly risky stage in the life cycle of existing roads is the operation phase. High attention is paid to the environmental, financial and social impacts and benefits of individual processes applied by road managers. These processes meet in pavement management systems (PMS), which, however, cannot work reliably without the necessary input data. Information on the development of the technical condition of the road can also be included among the most important data. The paper brings the first outputs from several years of research of measurements on the Slovak 1st class road. Its aim is to gradually determine the degradation functions for the needs of Slovak geographical, climatic and transport conditions. The secondary objective is to verify the reliability of non-destructive measurement procedures of the technical condition of the road. Emphasis is placed on the application of such mathematical procedures that can not only reliably bring about the determination of past developments in the roadway, but can also present the expected picture of future developments.

Healthy Caspian Experience helps Boost Drilling Performance in Turkey's Onshore UGS Project

The company is executing an underground gas storage project at an unprecedented scale. The intent of this paper is to demonstrate the execution methodology and technologies that the company employed to achieve within set deadlines and deliver the work on time and under the given budget. This paper, therefore will focus on outlining all planning, design as well as drilling & completions strategies utilized by the operating company during the execution phase. During Phase 2 of the project, the Drilling Contractor was engaged to deliver a total of 40 wells within a short period of time. These wells were planned to expand the total gas storage capacity at the Tuz Golu facility to ca. 5 bcm of natural gas stored in underground salt caverns. Tuz Golu wells are vertical with three (3) casing string wells. These land wells are big bore and commence from the installation of the 30″ conductor at a depth of 120m using a small 150-ton conductor rig. Pre-installation of conductors significantly helped accelerate the project delivery schedule. Main drilling operations commenced in January 2020. Since the structure wasn't fully explored in spite of 2D seismic work and the first phase operations, a number of wells drilled encountered no salt leading to their abandonment. As a result, the total duration of the project was consequently extended. Re-Engineering and lessons learned during execution helped deliver a successful learning curve in both drilling and completion operations. The strategy of the company to drill a well in stages of top hole, main drilling and the completion using multiple rig operations was successful, bringing an overall well time from 55 at the beginning of the project to 20 days per well. Thorough planning and design of the wells allowed the company to deliver the projects with well integrity, full suitable for gas storage operations. As a result, the project was executed on time and well within the planned budget thus delivering an excellent value to the stakeholders and main client. The Drilling Contractor has been proactive to employ this staged approach from the very beginning of the project. Irrespective of the delays the Drilling Contractor continued operations with the intermittent rig count of 4 to 8 rigs. A large scale operation demanded careful planning and continuous application of lessons learnt from the first phase which were successfully embedded and implemented.

COVID-19 Health Management and Business Continuity

Considering the world faces an unprecedented challenge with economies everywhere affected by the COVID-19 pandemic there was an extreme need for coming together to combat the COVID-19 pandemic bringing governments, organizations from across industries and individuals together to manage this global outbreak. From the early stages of pandemic escalation, SOCAR AQS realized that only diversified measures would minimize risks, fulfil the duty of care responsibilities and promote workforce resilience. The establishment of the COVID-19 crisis management team ensured the continuous application of a proactive risk-based approach aligned with governmental regulations on the ground of the most up to date local and international information including the industry best practices. Access to the offices for all relevant staff and visitors was minimized, and the specific procedure for work from home was developed. A combination of preventive measures at all worksites and transportation facilities is held through regular effective disinfection, health checks, continuous access to the required personal protection and hygiene facilities, maintaining social distancing, and careful tracing close contacts for all suspected cases. Health promotion to all staff is conducted through various communication means. Two-stage pre-mobilization COVID-19 screening was implemented through a comprehensive health questionnaire prior to commuting at the entrance of quarantine facilities. There was a week of individual isolation in the designated controlled quarantine facilities with optimal detectability of the virus by the fifth day followed by highly-specific PCR testing before entering operational worksites enables early revealing of an infection prior to its manifestation in the human body. Specific post-illness medical assessment is a key for individual healthy return to work is carried out. Considering vaccines as a critical new tool in the battle against COVID-19, vaccination of all offshore personnel is implemented. As an outcome, the entire process provided a prudent way to ensure the continuation of uninterrupted operations resulted in zero COVID-19 detection at the quarantine worksites by follow-up of suspected cases during first eight months of the pandemic fight in Azerbaijan. In conclusion, the abovementioned statement provides the guidelines for the workforce working on worksites or in offices, and clear expectations of the measures to be taken to ensure COVID-19 health management and smooth business continuity are maintained.