scholarly journals The impact of intensive high performance training on adult height of female artistic gymnasts: a retrospective study

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Raul Alves FERREIRA-FILHO ◽  
Dalmo Roberto Lopes MACHADO ◽  
Renato Francisco Rodrigues MARQUES ◽  
Myrian NUNOMURA
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Final Height ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Performance Training ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Training History ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the potential impact of the high performance training on the anthropometric and maturational characteristics of female artistic gymnasts and to compare the adult target height with international standards of growth. A sample consisted of 23 elite Brazilian female former gymnasts was evaluated. From a historic retrospective, about 29.56 yrs. ago (average of all) they devoted themselves to the training for 9.3 (2.6) years, with a weekly 24.26 (4.2) training hours, and had been retired from competition around at 13.61 (5.12) years old. From the anthropometric data of the gymnasts (while still competing), their parents and their older sister (1) and younger sister (2), the target height was calculated by Tanner method {[(father’s height -13 cm) + mother’s height] ÷ 2}. Additionally, training history, age of menarche occurrence, and growth classifying in accordance with the international standards was recorded, aimed at comparisons. The average stature shown normal adult stature (NCHS), and some cases surpassed the standard 75th, 90th and 95th percentile. They are higher than their mother (p = 0.039), but not their sister 1 (0.952) or sister 2 (p = 0.998), but the age of menarche was significantly later only than their sisters 1 (p = 0.008) and 2 (p = 0.017). According to the Brazilian percentiles reference (IBGE), the final height of the former gymnasts was always higher of the standard, slightly smaller than their sisters 2 (5th and 10th), but was taller than their mothers and sisters 1. In conclusion, there is no evidence of artistic gymnastics high performance training having adverse effects on the final adult height.

scholarly journals Final Height in Pubertal Short Stature Boys Treated with GH Combination with Letrozole: A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Ma ◽  
Ruofan Jia ◽  
Bingyang Xia ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Zhuangjian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Epiphyseal Fusion

Abstract BackgroundThe growth potential of pubertal short stature boys is limited by the effect of estrogen on epiphyseal fusion. This study aims to identify the efficacy and safety of growth hormone (GH) combination with letrozole on final adult height (FAH) in pubertal short stature boys. MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Among pubertal short stature boys who treated with GH and letrozole were be followed up in our hospital, 20 cases reached FAH. ResultsBaseline chronological age were 12.12±1.14yr, bone age were 13.00±0.93yr. The treatment duration was 1.94±0.67yr. The height standard deviation score for bone age was increased from -1.46±0.51 to -0.12±0.57 (p<0.000). The predicted FAH before treatment, predicted FAH after treatment, FAH, and genetic target height were 161.02 ±4.12 cm, 172.11±4.20 cm, 172.67±2.72cm and 167.67±3.56 cm, respectively. There was significant differences between predicted FAH before treatment and after treatment (p<0.000), as well as predicted FAH before treatment and genetic target height (p<0.000).The predicted FAH after treatment was higher than that of genetic target height (p<0.001), as well as FAH and genetic target height (p<0.000). ConclusionsThe GH combination with letrozole can enhance the FAH in pubertal short stature boys. No significant side effects were observed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of near final height in boys with constitutional delay in growth and puberty

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Rohani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Alai ◽  
Sedighe Moradi ◽  
Davoud Amirkashani
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
The Mean

Background This study was conducted to find out whether boys with constitutional delay in growth and puberty (CDGP) could attain their target height and predicted adult height (PAH) in adulthood or not. Methods After measuring the height, weight, pubertal stage, parental height and bone age data of the patients at their first presentation were extracted from the files and their height and weight were measured at the end of the study, wrist X-Ray was performed in order to determine the bone age. PAH was calculated using Bayley–Pinneau method and target height was estimated by mid parental height. Final or near final heights of the patients were measured and compared with the target height and PAH. Results The mean age at presentation and the end of study was 15.2 ± 0.95, 20 ± 0.75 years respectively. Mean of bone age at the beginning of study was 12.97 ± 1 years and at the end of study were 17.6 ± 0.58 years. Mean of delayed bone age was 2.2 ± 0.82 years. Mean of the primary measured heights was 150.16 ± 7 cm (138–160 cm). Mean of final or near final heights was 165.7 ± 2.89 cm (161–170.5 cm). Final or near final heights in our subjects were smaller than either their PAH (165.7 ± 2.89 vs 170.7 ± 5.17) (P value <0.005) or target height (165.7 ± 2.89 vs 171.8 ± 4.65) (P value <0.0001). Conclusion Most patients with CDGP do not reach their target height or predicted adult height; they are usually shorter than their parents and general population. Such patients need to be followed up until they reach their final height and, in some cases, adjunctive medical treatment might be indicated.

scholarly journals AB0987 STUDY ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE FINAL ADULT HEIGHT IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1787.2-1787
Author(s):  
C. Hsin-Yu ◽  
H. Ya-Chiao ◽  
B. L. Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
British Society ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Etanercept Treatment ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Negative Difference

Background:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a chronic inflammatory disease involving limited joints and/or constitutional symptoms in childhood or adolescent, might affect body height and result in short stature in adulthood. Well-controlled disease activity is beneficial in improving growth impairment in JIA patient.Objectives:To identify any factors that influence final adult height in the patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of JIA patients between 2009 to 2019 in National Taiwan University Hospital. The diagnosis of JIA was according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria. Personal history, laboratory reports, and medication were analyzed. The difference between final adult height and target height was calculated in each patient. We defined whose final adult height higher than target height as positive group and the others as negative group. A cox univariate proportional hazards model was applied to compare the variables between these two groups.Results:Total 120 patients are collected. There are 74 (61.7%) and 46 (38.3%) cases in the positive and the negative group, respectively. The mean onset age of disease is 11.78 3.78 in positive group and 10.83 4.04 in negative group. Male is more than female in both groups, with a ratio of 1.7:1 and 2.7:1 respectively. Enthesis-related arthritis accounted for the most in positive group, however, in negative group, oligo-arthritis was the most common type. There are slightly more patients having received biologics in positive group than negative group without significance (64.8% vs. 54.3%,p=0.33). Among the patients treated with etanercept, those in the negative group had a significantly younger age when they started the treatment compare to the positive group (11.8 3.1 vs. 13.9 3.1,P=0.01). The patients in positive group had significantly higher final adult height (171.08.7 vs. 162.9 8.1,P< 0.001). The univariate analysis showed that the age when etanercept treatment started was associated with the occurrence of a negative difference between final height and target height (odds ratio=0.80, 95%CI=0.67-0.96,P=0.02).Conclusion:In JIA patients, 38.3% of them had a negative difference between final adult height and target height. The subtype might play a critical role in affecting the growth of patients. A younger age when the child received etanercept was associated with a lower attained adult height than target height, however, it needs further analysis on the medication of these children.References:[1]S.-J. Wang et al., Attained Adult Height in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis with or without Corticosteroid Treatment, Clin Rheumatol (2002) 21:363–368[2]P Tynja¨la et al., Impact of anti-TNF treatment on growth in severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Ann Rheum Dis 2006;65:1044–1049[3]Edward H. Giannini et al., Effects of Long-Term Etanercept Treatment on Growth in Children With Selected Categories of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM Vol. 62, No. 11, November 2010, pp 3259–3264[4]Ashley Shafferman et al, Changes in Body Mass Index in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors, J Rheumatol 2014;41;113-118[5]Lianne Kearsley-Fleet et al., Growth in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis over 2 years of treatment with etanercept: results from the British Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology Etanercept Cohort Study, Rheumatology 2015;54:1279-1285[6]Florence Uettwiller et al., Effect of Biologic Treatments on Growth in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, J Rheumatol 2014;41;128-135[7]Lianne Kearsley-Fleet et al., Short-term outcomes in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated with either tocilizumab or anakinra, Rheumatology 2019;58:94-102Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Longitudinal growth, sexual maturation and final height in patients with congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening

2001 ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Salerno ◽  
M Micillo ◽  
S Di Maio ◽  
D Capalbo ◽  
P Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Longitudinal Growth ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Age Of Menarche

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate longitudinal growth, pubertal development and final height in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) detected by a neonatal screening programme, and to identify factors potentially affecting growth outcome. PATIENTS: Fifty-five patients (41 females) detected by neonatal screening and followed longitudinally from the time of diagnosis and treatment (25+/-5 days) up to the age of 17+/-0.5 years were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Pubertal development began and progressed normally in both males and females. In boys, a testicular volume of 4 ml was reached at 11.3+/-1.0 years. In girls breast enlargement (B2) occurred at a mean age of 10.3+/-1.2 years and the mean age of menarche was 12.5+/-1.2 years. The onset and the progression of puberty were independent of the aetiology, the severity of CH and the timing of the beginning of treatment. Girls treated with an initial amount of L-thyroxine (L-T4) greater than 8 microg/kg per day showed an earlier onset of puberty (B2 9.4+/-0.9 years; menarche 11.5+/-0.8 years) compared with girls treated with a lower initial dose of L-T4 (B2 10.5+/-1.2 years; menarche 12.6+/-1.2 years; P<0.02). However, both groups attained a similar final height (-0.1+/-1.0 SDS and 0.4+/-1.0 SDS, respectively), which in both cases was above the target height (P=0.03). All the patients in the study attained a mean final height (0.1+/-1.1 SDS) within the normal range for the reference population and above the target height (-0.9+/-0.9 SDS, P<0.0001). No significant relationship was found between final height and severity of CH at diagnosis, initial L-T4 dosage or aetiology of the defect. Patients with ectopic gland, thyroid aplasia or in situ gland attained a similar mean final height (0.1+/-1.1 SDS, 0.5+/-1.0 SDS and -0.5+/-1.0 SDS, respectively), which was in all cases greater than target height (-1.0+/-0.9, -0.6+/-0.8, -0.9+/-0.8 respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that conventional management of children with CH detected by neonatal screening leads to normal sexual development and normal adult height, and that the major factor determining height in these children is familial genetic growth potential.

Growth Trajectory in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: The Impact of Insulin Treatment and Metabolic Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Bizzarri ◽  
Tiziana Antonia Timpanaro ◽  
Maria Cristina Matteoli ◽  
Ippolita Patrizia Patera ◽  
Marco Cappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Puberty Onset

Background: Linear growth was reported to be negatively affected by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), in relation to disease duration and poor metabolic control. It is unclear whether a subtle growth failure still persists despite the optimization of therapy. Our aim was to analyse pubertal growth, adult height, and metabolic profile in a cohort of children with T1DM undergoing intensive insulin treatment by multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Methods: One-hundred and four children (51 males) with prepubertal onset of T1DM were prospectively followed up to final height attainment. Results: Age at puberty onset was 11.7 ± 1.1 years in males and 10.9 ± 1.3 in females. Age at adult height attainment was 16.4 ± 1.6 years in males and 14.1 ± 1.8 years in females. Pubertal height gain was 24.4 ± 4.9 cm in males and 19.0 ± 3.8 cm in females. HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels increased during puberty. HDL cholesterol levels were higher in patients treated with CSII. Height standard deviation score (SDS) at diagnosis (0.52 ± 1.04) was higher than target height SDS (0.01 ± 1.07), but declined afterwards, and both height SDS at puberty onset (0.22 ± 1.1) and adult height SDS (–0.1 ± 1.02) were not significantly different from target height SDS. BMI SDS showed a positive trend from diagnosis to puberty onset and stabilized later (–0.04 ± 1.4 at T1DM onset, 0.55 ± 2.1 at puberty onset, and 0.53 ± 2.1 at adult height attainment). Conclusions: Although subtle abnormalities of growth still persist, the modern advancements of insulin therapy are able to normalize puberty and final height of children with T1DM.

scholarly journals Final Adult Height after Growth Hormone Treatment in Patients with Turner Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Min Ahn ◽  
Jung Hwan Suh ◽  
Ah Reum Kwon ◽  
Hyun Wook Chae ◽  
Ho-Seong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Gh Therapy ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Height Range ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Height Gain

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate final adult height (AH) after recombinant human growth hormone (GH) treatment of girls with Turner syndrome (TS) and to elucidate the predicting factors for their growth response. Methods: We enrolled 73 patients with TS who underwent GH treatment and reached AH and 14 patients who did not undergo treatment. To assess the effectiveness of GH therapy, we evaluated final AH, height gain over the predicted AH, and height gain over the projected AH. In addition, to analyze the factors affecting final AH, we studied correlations between final AH (or height SDS, height gain) and treatment variables. Results: GH therapy was started at a mean age of 8.87 ± 3.73 years, and the treatment duration was 6.47 ± 3.02 years. The patients in the treated group reached a final AH of 152.03 ± 4.66 cm (final AH SDS for the general population: –1.93 ± 1.03) with a gain over projected AH at the start of treatment of 12.21 ± 4.33 cm. The untreated control subjects had a final AH of 143.57 ± 4.06 cm with a gain over projected AH at the first visit of 3.89 ± 3.80 cm. Final AH and AH SDS were positively correlated to height SDS at the start of treatment. Thirty-five patients out of the 73 GH-treated patients (47.9%) attained to a normal range of height for Korean girls. The patients having attained to a normal height range after GH treatment had shown a higher height SDS at the start of GH treatment, a higher mid-parental height SDS, and a younger age at initiation of estrogen. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that GH treatment at an early age is effective in improving the final height SDS and height SDS gain in TS patients. Therefore, GH administration at an early age is important for final height gain.

scholarly journals Anastrozole Improves Final Adult Height in Severe Hypothyroidism With Rapid Pubertal Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanita K Hodax ◽  
Lisa Swartz Topor ◽  
Shara R Bialo ◽  
Jose Bernardo Quintos
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Epiphyseal Fusion ◽  
Height Prediction

Abstract Severe prolonged hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto thyroiditis may lead to rapid pubertal progression and compromised adult height after initiation of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. There are no reports of aromatase inhibitor use to augment height in these patients. We describe a patient with severe hypothyroidism and growth failure who experienced rapid pubertal and bone age maturation on initiation of LT4 therapy. Anastrozole was added after 2 years to delay epiphyseal fusion. A boy aged 12 years and 1 month presented to the endocrine clinic with short stature and a markedly delayed bone age of 6 years. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a 1.5 × 1.0 × 1.2-cm enlarged lobular anterior pituitary. On examination, his height was –3.5 SD score (SDS) and weight was –2.87 SDS. Laboratory studies showed elevated thyrotropin (TSH) 850.6 μIU/mL, low free thyroxine 0.25 ng/dL, and elevated antithyroid antibodies. LT4 was initiated with normalization of TSH after 6 months. After 2 years of treatment he demonstrated catch-up growth with rapid bone age maturation, and his predicted adult height was compromised at 164.6 cm vs a midparental target height of 175.4 cm. Anastrozole 1 mg once daily was initiated. After 1.5 years of anastrozole treatment, the rate of his bone age advancement had slowed and his linear growth remained robust. The patient’s near-final height (167 cm) was 2.4 cm taller than his height prediction prior to starting anastrozole. Anastrozole slowed the rate of bone age advancement in a patient with severe hypothyroidism and rapidly progressive puberty during treatment with LT4, leading to improvement in near-final height.

scholarly journals Hydrocortisone Suspension Provides Similar Growth Outcomes as Hydrocortisone Tablets in Young Children With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A84-A84
Author(s):  
Heba Al-Rayess ◽  
O Yaw Addo ◽  
Elise Palzer ◽  
Mu’taz Jaber ◽  
Kristin Fleissner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Z Scores

Abstract Young children with CAH require small doses (0.1–1.25mg) and incremental adjustments of hydrocortisone (HC) to control excess androgen production and avoid the negative effects of overtreatment. A recent 6 hour pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study reported that alcohol-free HC suspension provides similar cortisol exposure to tablets (1), but more data is needed to assess its clinical efficacy. We performed a chart review to determine the effect of the alcohol-free HC suspension compared to tablets on height, weight, BMI, bone age z-scores and corrected height z-scores to target height z-scores in children aged 2 yrs and 4 yrs in a cohort with classic CAH. Independent 2-sample t-tests examined cumulative and average HC dose at 2 and 4 yrs. Triple logistic modeling of longitudinal heights were used to calculate predicted near-adult height. Adjusted linear regression models assessed the effect of HC suspension compared to tablets on final adult height. Charts of 130 children (70 females, 100 salt wasting and 30 simple virilizing) were reviewed. At 2 yrs, 97 were treated with tablets and 33 with suspension (17 previously switched from tablets). At 4 yrs, 89 were treated with tablets and 41 with suspension (25 switched). No significant differences in height or BMI z-scores at both 2 and 4 yrs, before or after adjusting for age at diagnosis and sex were found. Bone age z-scores averaged 7.2 SDs lower for patients treated with HC suspension only compared to patients on HC tablets at age 4 (p&lt;0.001), and 5.93 SDs lower for patients switched from tablets to suspension compared to tablets (p&lt;0.001). The suspension group received 16% lower (p=0.055) and 25% lower (p=0.002) cumulative HC doses by the ages of 2 yrs and 4 yrs respectively. Average daily HC dose was lower by 3.44 and by 4.46 mg/m2/d over the first 2 and 4 yrs of life respectively. No significant differences were found between patients treated with tablets and suspension in the predicted final adult height, its z-score or its corrected z-score to target height after adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex and diagnosis. Our data indicates that treatment with alcohol-free HC suspension decreased androgen exposure as shown by lower bone age z-scores, generated no significant differences in SDS in observed height, BMI or predicted near-adult height, and allowed for lower average and cumulative daily HC dose compared to HC tablets in children with CAH. Reference: (1) Sarafoglou et al., J Clin Pharmacol.2015;55(4):452–7.

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