scholarly journals Accuracy of single-breath counting test to determine slow vital capacity in hospitalized patients

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Luiza Escóssio ◽  
Rodrigo Cappato de Araújo ◽  
Nicole Oliver ◽  
Emília Chagas Costa ◽  
José Ângelo Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Receiver Operating

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the accuracy of the single-breath counting test to determine slow vital capacity in hospitalized patients and to evaluate the repeatability of the same examiner. Methods: a diagnostic study and the choice of techniques were randomly assigned. The area under the curve (receiver operating characteristic) was calculated from the slow vital capacity (20ml/kg) to evaluate the best psychometric characteristics of single-breath counting Test for this cutoff point. Repeatability observed by the same examiner was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Results: 516 patients hospitalized for various diseases were analyzed. In the curve analysis (receiver operating characteristic/slow vital capacity=20ml/Kg), the value of 21 in single-breath counting test with a sensitivity of 94.44% and specificity of 76.62% (area under the curve =0.93, p<0.005) was found. The intraclass correlation coefficient value for the single-breath counting test was 0.976 with p>0.005. Conclusion: the single-breath counting test was a valid and repetitive technique, and may be an important screening option for assessment of lung function in the absence of specific equipment. This technique opens perspectives to replace slow vital capacity measurement in hospitals, which lack spirometric equipment, or in patients who may have a contagious disease, which has a risk of contamination and spread of disease from one patient to another.

scholarly journals Cut-off points between pain intensities of the postoperative pain using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyoung Cho ◽  
Youn Jin Kim ◽  
Minjin Lee ◽  
Jae Hee Woo ◽  
Hyun Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Moderate Pain ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Background Pain assessment and management are important in postoperative circumstances as overdosing of opioids can induce respiratory depression and critical consequences. We aimed this study to check the reliability of commonly used pain scales in a postoperative setting among Korean adults. We also intended to determine cut-off points of pain scores between mild and moderate pain and between moderate and severe pain by which can help to decide to use pain medication. Methods A total of 180 adult patients undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery were included. Postoperative pain intensity was rated with a visual analog scale (VAS), numeric rating scale (NRS), faces pain scale revised (FPS-R), and verbal rating scale (VRS). The VRS rated pain according to four grades: none, mild, moderate, and severe. Pain assessments were performed twice: when the patients were alert enough to communicate after arrival at the postoperative care unit (PACU) and 30 min after arrival at the PACU. The levels of agreement among the scores were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The cut-off points were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves. Results The ICCs among the VAS, NRS, and FPS-R were consistently high (0.839–0.945). The pain categories were as follow: mild ≦ 5.3 / moderate 5.4 ~ 7.1 /severe ≧ 7.2 in VAS, mild ≦ 5 / moderate 6 ~ 7 / severe ≧ 8 in NRS, mild ≦ 4 / moderate 6 / severe 8 and 10 in FPS-R. The cut-off points for analgesics request were VAS ≧ 5.5, NRS ≧ 6, FPS-R ≧ 6, and VRS ≧ 2 (moderate or severe pain). Conclusions During the immediate postoperative period, VAS, NRS, and FPS-R were well correlated. The boundary between mild and moderate pain was around five on 10-point scales, and it corresponded to the cut-off point of analgesic request. Healthcare providers should consider VRS and other patient-specific signs to avoid undertreatment of pain or overdosing of pain medication.

scholarly journals Identification of an optimal prolactin threshold to determine prolactinoma size using receiver operating characteristic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca M. Leca ◽  
Maria Mytilinaiou ◽  
Marina Tsoli ◽  
Andreea Epure ◽  
Simon J. B. Aylwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Pituitary Neoplasms ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Receiver Operating

AbstractProlactinomas represent the most common type of secretory pituitary neoplasms, with a therapeutic management that varies considerably based on tumour size and degree of hyperprolactinemia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations and prolactinoma size, and to determine a cut-off PRL value that could differentiate micro- from macro-prolactinomas. A retrospective cohort study of 114 patients diagnosed with prolactinomas between 2007 and 2017 was conducted. All patients underwent gadolinium enhanced pituitary MRI and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed. 51.8% of patients in this study were men, with a mean age at the time of diagnosis of 42.32 ± 15.04 years. 48.2% of the total cohort were found to have microadenomas. Baseline serum PRL concentrations were strongly correlated to tumour dimension (r = 0.750, p = 0.001). When performing the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve was 0.976, indicating an excellent accuracy of the diagnostic method. For a value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L), sensitivity and specificity were calculated at 0.932 and 0.891, respectively. When a cut off value of 204 μg/L (4338 mU/L) was used, specificity was 93.2%, and sensitivity 89.1%, acceptable to reliably differentiate between micro- and macro- adenomas.

Risikoabschätzung einer akuten Exazerbation bei COPD-Patienten im Rahmen einer pneumologischen Anschluss-Rehabilitation anhand der Prävalenz und Schwergradausprägung von Komorbiditäten

Pneumologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Luu ◽  
S. Tulka ◽  
S. Knippschild ◽  
W. Windisch ◽  
M. Spielmanns
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Sensitivität Und Spezifität ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Receiver Operating

Zusammenfassung Einleitung Akute COPD-Exazerbationen (AECOPD) im Rahmen einer pneumologischen Rehabilitation (PR) sind häufige und gefährliche Komplikationen. Neben Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität führen sie zu einem Unterbrechung der PR und gefährden den PR-Erfolg. Eine Abhängigkeit zwischen dem Krankheitsstatus und einem erhöhten Risiko für eine AECOPD ist beschrieben. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, ob der Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) oder die Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) dafür geeignet sind, besonders exazerbationsgefährdete COPD-Patienten in der PR im Vorfeld zu detektieren. Patienten und Methoden In einer retrospektiven Untersuchung wurden die Daten von COPD-Patienten, welche im Jahr 2018 eine PR erhielten, analysiert. Primärer Endpunkt der Untersuchung war die Punktzahl im CCI. Alle Daten wurden dem Klinikinformationssystem Phönix entnommen und COPD-Exazerbationen erfasst. Die laut Fallzahlplanung benötigten 44 Patienten wurden zufällig (mittels Zufallsliste für jede Gruppe) aus diesem Datenpool rekrutiert: 22 Patienten mit und 22 ohne Exazerbation während der PR. CCI und CIRS wurden für die eingeschlossenen Fälle für beide Gruppen bestimmt. Die Auswertung des primären Endpunktes (CCI) erfolgte durch den Gruppenvergleich der arithmetischen Mittel und der Signifikanzprüfung (Welch-Tests). Weitere statistische Lage- und Streuungsmaße wurden ergänzt (Median, Quartile, Standardabweichung).Zusätzlich wurde mittels Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)-Analyse sowohl für den CCI als auch für den CIRS ein optimaler Cutpoint zur Diskriminierung in AECOPD- und Nicht-AECOPD-Patienten gesucht. Ergebnisse 244 COPD-Patienten erhielten eine stationäre PR von durchschnittlich 21 Tagen, wovon 59 (24 %) während der PR eine behandlungspflichtige AECOPD erlitten. Die ausgewählten 22 Patienten mit einer AECOPD hatten einen mittleren CCI von 6,77 (SD: 1,97) und die 22 Patienten ohne AECOPD von 4,32 (SD: 1,17). Die Differenz von –2,45 war zu einem Signifikanzniveau von 5 % statistisch signifikant (p < 0,001; 95 %-KI: [–3,45 ; –1,46]). Die ROC-Analyse zeigte einen optimalen Cutpoint für den CCI bei 6 mit einer Sensitivität zur Feststellung einer AECOPD von 81,8 % und einer Spezifität von 86.,4 % mit einem Wert der AUC (area under the curve) von 0,87. Der optimale Cutpoint für den CIRS war 19 mit einer Sensitivität von 50 %, einer Spezifität von 77,2 % und einer AUC von 0,65. Schlussfolgerung COPD-Patienten mit einer akuten Exazerbation während der pneumologischen Rehabilitation haben einen höheren CCI. Mithilfe des CCI lässt sich mit einer hohen Sensitivität und Spezifität das Risiko einer AECOPD von COPD-Patienten im Rahmen eines stationären PR-Programms einschätzen.

Considerations on the region of interest in the ROC space

2021 ◽  
pp. 096228022110605
Author(s):  
Luigi Lavazza ◽  
Sandro Morasca
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
True Positive Rate ◽  
True Positive ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Receiver Operating

Receiver Operating Characteristic curves have been widely used to represent the performance of diagnostic tests. The corresponding area under the curve, widely used to evaluate their performance quantitatively, has been criticized in several respects. Several proposals have been introduced to improve area under the curve by taking into account only specific regions of the Receiver Operating Characteristic space, that is, the plane to which Receiver Operating Characteristic curves belong. For instance, a region of interest can be delimited by setting specific thresholds for the true positive rate or the false positive rate. Different ways of setting the borders of the region of interest may result in completely different, even opposing, evaluations. In this paper, we present a method to define a region of interest in a rigorous and objective way, and compute a partial area under the curve that can be used to evaluate the performance of diagnostic tests. The method was originally conceived in the Software Engineering domain to evaluate the performance of methods that estimate the defectiveness of software modules. We compare this method with previous proposals. Our method allows the definition of regions of interest by setting acceptability thresholds on any kind of performance metric, and not just false positive rate and true positive rate: for instance, the region of interest can be determined by imposing that [Formula: see text] (also known as the Matthews Correlation Coefficient) is above a given threshold. We also show how to delimit the region of interest corresponding to acceptable costs, whenever the individual cost of false positives and false negatives is known. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by applying it to the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Data. We provide Python and R packages supporting the presented method.

scholarly journals miR-142-3p as a novel biomarker for predicting poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients after surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiqi Peng ◽  
Xiang Pan ◽  
Kaihao Liu ◽  
Chunduo Zhang ◽  
Liwen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Receiver Operating

Background: miR-142-3p has proved to be involved in tumorigenesis and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The present study aimed to explore the prognostic value of miR-142-3p. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from renal cell carcinoma specimens and the expression level of miR-142-3p was measured. Pearson Chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, as well as univariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed to determine the correlation between miR-142-3p and the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive efficiency of miR-142-3p for the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were utilized to validate our findings. Results: Our results demonstrated that upregulation of miR-142-3p was correlated with shorter overall survival (P=0.002) and was, in the meantime, an independent prognostic factor for renal cell carcinoma patients (P=0.002). The receiver operating characteristic curve combining miR-142-3p expression with tumor stage showed an area under the curve of 0.633 (95% confidence interval 0.563, 0.702). The result of TCGA data was consistent with our findings. Conclusions: Our results suggest miR-142-3p expression is correlated with poor prognosis of renal cell carcinoma patients and may serve as a prognostic biomarker in the future.

scholarly journals 1/2SH

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Zhao ◽  
Wan-bing Jia ◽  
Li-ying Zhang ◽  
Ting-zhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Intracerebral Hematoma ◽  
Accuracy Evaluation ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
3 Dimensional

Background and Purpose— 1/2ABC has been used widely for assessing the volume of intracerebral hematoma. However, it is only suitable for calculating regular and small volume hematomas. Therefore, we re-explored the formula of hematoma volume to find a method that can calculate hematoma volumes accurately, reliably, and quickly. Methods— Computed tomography imaging data of 257 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were collected. Hematoma volumes were estimated using 3-dimensional Slicer and 7 formulas (π/6ABC, 1/2ABC, 1/3ABC, 2/3SH, 1/2SH, π/6SH, and 2.5/6ABC). Taking the hematoma volumes measured by 3-dimensional Slicer as the reference standard, the accuracy and reliability of the 7 formulas were evaluated. Furthermore, the time needed to calculate hematoma volumes by the 1/2SH method was noted for further analysis. Results— (1) The accuracy of the 7 formulas based on the error analysis from the highest to the lowest was: π/6SH, 1/2SH, 2.5/6ABC, 1/3ABC, 1/2ABC, and π/6ABC or 2/3SH. According to concordance analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the results from the highest to lowest were as follows: 1/2SH, π/6SH, 2.5/6ABC, 1/3ABC, 1/2ABC, 2/3SH, and π/6ABC. After categorizing cases according to size, shape, and location of hematoma, the results were almost the same as the results for overall accuracy evaluation in any subgroup. (2) Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 1/2SH in intra and inter-researcher were 0.998 and 0.989, respectively. For the formula π/6SH, intraclass correlation coefficient was the same as that of 1/2ABC. Kappa values of 1/2SH for intra- and inter-observer were 0.992 and 0.913, respectively. For π/6SH, kappa values of within- and between-reader were 0.984 and 0.904, respectively. (3) The average time taken to calculate hematoma volumes by 1/2SH was 74 seconds. Conclusions— The 1/2SH and π/6SH are accurate, reliable, and rapid methods for calculating hematoma volumes. The accuracy and reliability of 1/2SH were slightly higher than those of π/6SH.

scholarly journals Cardiac Magnetic Resonance–Derived Extracellular Volume Mapping for the Quantification of Hepatic and Splenic Amyloid

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Chacko ◽  
Michele Boldrini ◽  
Raffaele Martone ◽  
Steven Law ◽  
Ana Martinez-Naharrro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Amyloid Load ◽  
Hepatic Amyloidosis

Background: Systemic amyloidosis is characterized by amyloid deposition that can involve virtually any organ. Splenic and hepatic amyloidosis occurs in certain types, in some patients but not others, and may influence prognosis and treatment. SAP (serum amyloid P component) scintigraphy is uniquely able to identify and quantify amyloid in the liver and spleen, thus informing clinical management, but it is only available in 2 centers globally. The aims of this study were to examine the potential for extracellular volume (ECV) mapping performed during routine cardiac magnetic resonance to: (1) detect amyloid in the liver and spleen and (2) estimate amyloid load in these sites using SAP scintigraphy as the reference standard. Methods: Five hundred thirty-three patients referred to the National Amyloidosis Centre, London, between 2015 and 2017 with suspected systemic amyloidosis who underwent SAP scintigraphy and cardiac magnetic resonance with T1 mapping were studied. Results: The diagnostic performance of ECV to detect splenic and hepatic amyloidosis was high for both organs (liver: area under the curve, −0.917 [95% CI, 0.880–0.954]; liver ECV cutoff, 0.395; sensitivity, 90.7%; specificity, 77.7%; P <0.001; spleen: area under the curve, −0.944 [95% CI, 0.925–0.964]; spleen ECV cutoff, 0.385; sensitivity, 93.6%; specificity, 87.5%; P <0.001). There was good correlation between liver and spleen ECV and amyloid load assessed by SAP scintigraphy (r=0.504, P <0.001; r=0.693, P <0.001, respectively). There was high interobserver agreement for both the liver and spleen (ECV liver intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.991 [95% CI, 0.984–0.995]; P <0.001; ECV spleen intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.995 [95% CI, 0.991–0.997]; P <0.001) with little bias across a wide range of ECV values. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that ECV measurements obtained during routine cardiac magnetic resonance scans in patients with suspected amyloidosis can identify and measure the magnitude of amyloid infiltration in the liver and spleen, providing important clues to amyloid type and offering a noninvasive measure of visceral amyloid burden that can help guide and track treatment.

Diagnostic value of the wideband acoustic absorbance test in middle-ear effusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (11) ◽  
pp. 1078-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Terzi ◽  
A Özgür ◽  
Ö Ç Erdivanli ◽  
Z Ö Coşkun ◽  
M Ogurlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion ◽  
Receiver Operating

AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of wideband acoustic absorbance testing in otitis media with effusion.Methods:This prospective study compared middle-ear wideband acoustic absorbance rates in three paediatric patient groups: a healthy group of 34 volunteers; 48 patients diagnosed with otitis media with effusion; and 28 patients with chronic effusion but no sign of effusion during myringotomy. The diagnostic value of absorbance testing was analysed with the receiver operating characteristic test.Results:The wideband acoustic absorbance rate was significantly lower in the otitis media with effusion group than in both the otitis media and healthy groups at the 0.375–2 kHz averaged mean absorbance (p < 0.017 and p < 0.001, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the highest diagnostic value for the 0.375–2 kHz averaged mean (area under the curve 0.984), followed by those at 1 and 1.5 kHz (area under the curve: 0.973 and 0.967, respectively).Conclusion:The wideband acoustic absorbance test is more accurate for detecting middle-ear effusion compared with conventional 226-Hz tympanometry. Its practicality and objectivity suggest that the wideband acoustic absorbance test may be a better alternative for diagnosing otitis media with effusion.

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