scholarly journals ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND PHOSPHORUS DOSES ON COFFEE GROWTH UNDER A NON-STERILE SOIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dias Moreira ◽  
André Cabral França ◽  
Paulo Henrique Grazziotti ◽  
Felipe Douglas Soares Leal ◽  
Enilson de Barros Silva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Rhizophagus Clarus ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

ABSTRACT The use of mycorrhiza is a promising biotechnology that makes coffee cultivation sustainable in the use of fertilizers. In this sense, plant growth and phosphorus contents were assessed in coffee inoculated with Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Dentiscutata heterogama in soil fertilized with 0, 0.74, 1.48 and 2.96 g P2O5 kg-1. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications. The mycorrhizal seedlings were previously produced and later transplanted to pots, simulating the field planting. The assessments were performed 150 days after transplanting. All variables were influenced by inoculation, but the effects were dependent on P doses. P doses higher than 50% of the recommended dose (0.74 g P2O5 kg-1) decreased the benefit of mycorrhiza. The fungi Rhizophagus clarus and Claroideoglomus etunicatum promoted a higher growth of coffee plants when compared to non-inoculated plants in non-sterilized soils and with a reduction in the applied P.

scholarly journals Effects of mycorrhizal association and phosphate fertilization on the initial growth of coffee plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto Henrique Vieira Araújo ◽  
Rafaele de Souza Cruz ◽  
Douglas William Batista Porto ◽  
Caroline Maíra Miranda Machado ◽  
André Cabral França
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coffee Plants

ABSTRACT In the establishment of coffee crops, phosphate fertilization is one of the most important soil fertility managements. Aiming to minimize losses, among the options in use are fertilizers with a slow release of nutrients, combined with the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study aimed to evaluate the initial growth of coffee plants inoculated with AMF and submitted to different types of phosphate fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a complete randomized block design, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor referred to the presence or absence of AMF (Rhizophagus clarus) and the second one to phosphate [monoammonium phosphate (MAP)], pelletized organomineral and grainy organomineral fertilizers, as well as a control (without fertilization). The plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, number of plagiotropic branches, leaf area, shoot and root dry matter mass, percentage of root colonization and leaf phosphorus were evaluated. The inoculation with AMF, associated with the pelletized organomineral fertilizer, provided a higher growth for the shoot and root system and higher phosphorus contents, in relation to the other treatments, and it can be an alternative to the implantation or renewal of coffee crops.

scholarly journals Drip irrigation in coffee crop under different planting densities: Growth and yield in southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleice A. de Assis ◽  
Myriane S. Scalco ◽  
Rubens J. Guimarães ◽  
Alberto Colombo ◽  
Anderson W. Dominghetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation ◽  
Water Tension

Irrigation associated to reduction on planting spaces between rows and between coffee plants has been a featured practice in coffee cultivation. The objective of the present study was to assess, over a period of five consecutive years, influence of different irrigation management regimes and planting densities on growth and bean yield of Coffea arabica L.. The treatments consisted of four irrigation regimes: climatologic water balance, irrigation when the soil water tension reached values close to 20 and 60 kPa; and a control that was not irrigated. The treatments were distributed randomly in five planting densities: 2,500, 3,333, 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 plants ha-1. A split-plot in randomized block design was used with four replications. Irrigation promoted better growth of coffee plants and increased yield that varied in function of the plant density per area. For densities from 10,000 to 20,000 plants ha-1, regardless of the used irrigation management, mean yield increases were over 49.6% compared to the non-irrigated crop.

scholarly journals SELECTIVITY OF FLUAZIFOP-P-BUTYL IN YOUNG COFFEE PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Giovani Belutti Voltolini ◽  
Dalyse Toledo Castanheira ◽  
Pedro Menicucci Netto ◽  
Ademilson De Oliveira Alecrim ◽  
Tiago Teruel Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Coffee Cultivation

Weed control is fundamental in coffee cultivation due to their big interference, competing with the crop for water, light and nutrients. Among the control methods used, chemical control is highlighted, as a function of its high efficiency and low cost. However, due to application failures, herbicide drift phytotoxicity is common. Aiming at the search for selective active ingredients in coffee plants, the objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of the active ingredient Fluazifop-p-butyl in young coffee plants, and its effects on plant morphology, anatomy and physiology. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with ‘Topázio MG 1190’ coffee plants (<em>Coffea arabica</em> L.), cultivated in pots with a capacity of 11 L substrate. The statistical design was randomized block design (RBD), with four replications and four doses of the herbicide, making up 16 experimental plots. Each plot consisted of three plants. The treatments were: 0%; 50%; 100% and 200% of the recommended commercial dose of the herbicide Fluazifop-p-butyl. The evaluations were performed at 120 days after application of the treatments. Morphological, physiological and anatomical characteristics were evaluated. Regardless of the evaluated characteristic, there was no difference between the doses of the herbicide. There were no visual phytotoxicity symptoms in the young coffee plants that received the herbicide Fluazifop-p-butyl. The growth of the coffee plants, as well as the physiological and anatomical characteristics, were not altered due to the application of the herbicide Fluazifop-p-butyl.

scholarly journals Variedades de Citrus podem afetar a comunidade de fungos do solo?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kryssia Gislayne Pinheiro Melo ◽  
Angélica Ricarte Da Silva ◽  
Adriana Mayumi Yano- Melo
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Total Fungi

Microorganisms are essential for maintaining soil quality, among which stand out the fungi. The association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorous solubilizing fungi (PSF) in its rhizosphere can benefit citrus plants, since these fungi can contribute to an increase in plant development due to the greater availability of water and nutrients. The present study aimed to evaluate if the amount of total fungi, AMF and PSF in the rhizosphere can be affected by the Citrus varieties. Soil samples were collected from the experiment conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with six Citrus varieties (Page, Pera D9, D12 Pera Pera C21, Pineaple and Ruby). Regarding the evaluated quantitative variables, there was a significant negative simple linear correlation only between the mycorrhizal colonization (MC) and the number of colony forming unit (CFU)/mL of PSF. The number of CFU/mL of soil FPS did not differed statistically between the Citrus varieties rhizosphere, but for total (TF) fungi a significant difference was observed, especially for the ‘Pineaple’, variety that provided higgher mean for the number of CFU/mL, differing from the ‘Page’ variety. All Citrus varieties presented root colonization by AMF and there was a significant difference among the evaluated varieties, however only ‘Rubi’ and ‘Pineaple’ differed from the others. Citrus varieties do not affect PSF quantity nor MC percentual in their rhizosphere but ‘Page’ and ‘Pineaple’ varieties stand out for glomerospores quantity of AMF and TF CFU/mL.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Kompos Limbah Kakao terhadap Kolonisasi Mikoriza, dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao pada Ultisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-665
Author(s):  
Raina Muzlifa ◽  
Fikrinda Fikrinda ◽  
Yadi Jufri
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glomus Sp

Abstrak. Ultisol merupakan salah satu tanah marginal yang memerlukan pengelolaan yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kesuburannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) dan kompos limbah kakao terhadap kolonisasi FMA, dan pertumbuhan bibit kakao pada Ultisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis FMA yaitu tanpa FMA (F0), Glomus sp (F1), dan Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. (F2). Faktor kedua adalah dosis kompos yaitu 0 ton.ha-1 (K0), 20 ton.ha-1 (K1), dan 30 ton.ha-1(K2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FMA berpengaruh nyata terhadap kolonisasi mikoriza, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman  pada 30, 60, 90 HST, diameter batang pada 30, 60, 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST.  Pemberian kompos limbah kakao berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 90 HST, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 30 dan 60 HST, diameter batang pada 30, 60 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST.  Kombinasi FMA dan kompos limbah kakao berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang pada 30 HST namun tidak berpengaruh  nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 30, 60, 90 HST, diameter batang pada 60 dan 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST. Perlakuan FMA jenis Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. dan kompos 20 g.pot-1 memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap kolonisasi mikoriza dan pertumbuhan tanaman. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and compost of cocoa waste on myccorrhiza colonization, and the cocoa seedling growth on UltisolAbstract. Ultisol is one of marginal soils which requires proper management to increase its fertility. This study aims to determine the administration of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (FMA) and cocoa waste compost to FMA colonization, and the growth of cacao seedlings on Ultisols. This research used factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two treatment factors and three replications. The first factor is the type of FMA that is without FMA (F0), Glomus sp (F1), and Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. (F2). The second factor is the compost dose which is 0 tons.ha-1 (K0), 20 tons.ha-1 (K1), and 30 tons.ha-1 (K2). The results showed that FMA significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization, but did not significantly affect plant height at 30, 60, 90 HST, stem diameter at 30, 60, 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. Cocoa waste compost has a significant effect on plant height at 90 HST, but no significant effect on plant height at 30 and 60 HST, stem diameter at 30, 60 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. The combination of AMF and compost of cocoa waste significantly affected the stem diameter at 30 HST but did not significantly affect the plant height at 30, 60, 90 HST, stem diameter at 60 and 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. Treatment of FMA type Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. and compost 20 g.pot-1 provides the best effect on mycorrhizal colonization and plant growth.   

scholarly journals The Effects of Rice Husk Biochar Rate on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Growth of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Nur Saidahtul Nadiah Harun ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Rice Husk Biochar

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is increasingly planted in Malaysia for its agronomical importance as a multipurpose plant with medicinal and health benefits. However, there is limited information on soursop cultivation in Malaysia. Soursop can be inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as a sustainable approach for successful seedlings growth before transplanting to field. As a beneficial symbiotic soil microorganism, AMF has been known as biofertilizer which can improve soil conditions and plant growth. Following the need to understand the soil management using soil beneficial microorganisms for soursop cultivation, this experiment aimed to determine the effects of AMF and biochar on the growth of soursop seedlings. The polybag experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at Farm 15, Faculty of Agriculture, UPM Serdang, Selangor. The study was arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments comprising different rates of rice husk biochar (RHB), with and without AMF and four replications. The treatments were; T1 (Control), T2 (AMF only), T3 (−AMF with 10 t/ha RHB), T4 (+AMF with 10 t/ha RHB), T5 (−AMF with 15 t/ha RHB), T6 (+AMF with 15 t/ha RHB), T7 (−AMF with 20 t/ha RHB) and T8 (+AMF with 20 t/ha RHB). Plant growth measurement were determined upon harvesting after four months of planting. Shoot and root biomass, leaf area meter, root surface area and root length were found significantly highest in soursop seedlings grown in soils amended with 10 t/ha RHB with or without AMF as compared to control. It was concluded that RHB, either individually or when in combination with AMF, had significantly improved the growth performance of soursop seedlings at nursery stage. Therefore, earliest inoculation of soursop seedlings with AMF at nursery stage could ensure successful mycorrhizal establishment and growth performance of soursop seedlings before transplanted under field condition.

scholarly journals Nutrient Status and Mycorrhizal Population on Various Food Crops Grown Following Corn Inoculated with Indigenous Mycorrhiza on Sandy Soil of North Lombok, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Wahyu Astiko ◽  
Muhammad Taufik Fauzi ◽  
. Sukartono
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Corn Plants

This study was aimed to determine the nutrient status and population of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the second cropping cycle of corn-based cropping patterns which utilized indigenous mycorrhizal fungi on sandy soil. The experiment was conducted at the Akar-Akar village in Bayan district of North Lombok, in a Randomized Block Design, with 4 replications and 6 treatments of cropping cycles (P0 = corn-soybean as a control, in which the corn plants were not inoculated with AMF; P1 = corn-soybean, P2 = corn-peanut, P3 = corn-upland rice, P4 = corn-sorghum, and P5 = corn-corn, in which the first cycle corn plants were inoculated with AMF). Results indicated that the status of N, P, K and organic-C increased significantly up to 112%, 148%, 88%, 88% at 60 DAS and 66%, 135%, 54%, 60% at 100 DAS, respectively in the second cropping cycle of sorghum compared to control. Uptake of N, P, K and Ca the sorghum plants at 60 DAS of the second cropping cycle reached 200%; 550%; 120% and 490%,  respectively a higher than in the control. Mycorrhizal populations (spore number and infection percentage) were highest in the second cycle sorghum, achieving 335% and 226% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control.

scholarly journals Azospirillum Brasilense And Zinc Rates Affecting Fungal Root Colonization and Yield of Cereal Crops in Succession Under Brazilian Cerrado Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Solano Toledo Silva ◽  
Ana Maria Rodrigues Cassiolato ◽  
Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽  
Arshad Jalal ◽  
Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract Soil and plant beneficial microbes capitalize plant nutrition through successful colonization in roots rhizosphere which could sustainably increase cereal production. Zinc (Zn) is intensively reported a deficient nutrient for maize and wheat production in Brazilian Cerrado, which could be sustainably managed by beneficial microorganisms and their symbiotic association with other microorganisms like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and residual Zn rates on root colonization and grain yield of maize and wheat in succession under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. These experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications and arranged in a 5x2 factorial scheme. The treatments were consisted of five Zn rates (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg ha-1) applied from zinc sulfate in maize and residual on wheat, and without and with seed inoculation of A. brasilense. Both crops were evaluated for root colonization of AMF and DSE, number of spores of AMF, quantification of CO2-C and grain yield. Colonization by AMF and DSE were significantly increased with interaction of Zn rates and inoculation treatments. The inoculation of A. brasilense favored root AMF and DSE colonization while increasing Zn rates by 4 kg ha-1 for maize and while 2 and 4 kg ha-1 Zn in residual for wheat reduced these colonizations. The inoculation did not influence spore production and CO2-C in both crops while maize-wheat yield were increased with Zn rates up to 4 kg ha-1 in edaphoclimatic condition of Brazilian Cerrado.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Berbagai Bahan ZPT Alami untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw)

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1307 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Kurniati ◽  
Tini Sudartini ◽  
Dikdik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth

Candlenut cv. Sunan is alternative biofuels plant also as raw of many industrial products. Its hard pulp seed becomes barrier of germination. This condition can be overcome by  giving natural plant growth regulators (PGRs), i,e shallot as auxin source, bamboo shoot as gibberellin source, banana bulb and coconut water as sources of cytokinin. The research aim was knowing effect of various PGRs and their combinations to promote germination and growth of seedling candlenut cv Sunan. The research was done from June to October 2016, in experimental design of Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisted of : a0 : control (without PGRs); a1 : shallot (BM); a2 : bamboo shoot (RB); a3: banana bulb (BP);  a4 : coconut water (AK); a5 : BM+ RB; a6 : BM + BP; a7 : BM + AK; a8 : RB+ BP;  a9 : RB + AK;  a10  : BP + AK;  a11 : BM + RB + BP + AK, all repeated three times. The result showed that application of natural PGRs had significant effect on germination percentage, plant height on 30 days after planting (dap), 37 dap, 44 dap, and 51 dap,  number of leaves 51 dap. Application of BP + AK gave the best effect on germination (97.78%), but no significant different with RB + BP; BM + RB + BP + AK. Application of BP + AK generated highest plant (13.57 cm). The best of the number of leaves was RB + AK (1.45 leaves). Overall application of natural PGRs from banana bulb + coconut water gave the best effect, besides bamboo shoot and shallot have opportunity to be developed.

scholarly journals AMMONIA TOXICITY AFFECT CATIONS UPTAKE AND GROWTH IN PAPAYA PLANTS INCLUSIVE WITH SILICON ADDITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
Bruna Santos Silva ◽  
Renato De Mello Prado ◽  
Alexander Calero Hurtado ◽  
Renata Aparecida de Andrade ◽  
Gilmara Pereira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
High Ammonia

High ammonia (NH4+) concentration can exert stress on many plants, which causes nutritional disorders and reduction on plant growth. However, depending on the intensity of the stress, it may be attenuated by silicon. In this work, the response of impact of cations and silicon accumulations and plant growth in cultivated papaya plants was investigated under different toxic ammonia concentrations regardless of the presence of silicon (Si). The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) with papaya seedlings, variety ‘Grupo Formosa’ (Calimosa híbrida 01), grown in a glass greenhouse, in 1.7 dm3pots filled with pine and coconut fiber-based substrate. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were five ammonium concentrations: 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 mmol L-1that were delivered via nutrient solution, in the absence and presence of Si (2 mmol L-1), with five replicates. After 31 days of growth, the cations and silicon accumulations in the shoot, plant height, stem diameter, root, and shoot dry matter were evaluated. Results revealed that increased ammonia concentration showed toxicity in papaya plants and stronger reductions in Ca, Mg, K and Si accumulations, plant heights, stem diameters, and root and shoot dry matter production, even when silicon was present and with greater effects on the shoot dry matter (87 %) than that of the roots (13 %).

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